La carne sintetica è il futuro? Ecco come nasce la CARNE COLTIVATA in laboratorio
Summary
TLDRThe video discusses the common vision of Winston Churchill and Bill Gates regarding synthetic meat. In 1931, Churchill predicted the cultivation of specific meat parts instead of whole animals. Almost 90 years later, Singapore approved lab-grown chicken nuggets, a concept Gates supports to combat climate change. Synthetic meat, derived from animal cells, offers potential environmental and health benefits. However, challenges include high production costs, market acceptance, and ethical debates. Despite skepticism, the growing need for sustainable food production might drive the adoption of lab-grown meat in the future.
Takeaways
- 📜 Winston Churchill and Bill Gates both envisioned a future where synthetic meat would be consumed.
- 📰 In 1931, Churchill wrote about the absurdity of raising whole chickens for just a piece of meat, hinting at the potential of lab-grown meat.
- 🐓 Singapore became the first country to approve the commercialization of lab-grown chicken nuggets in December 2020.
- 🌱 Synthetic meat is not plant-based alternatives like Beyond Meat or Impossible Foods; it's actual animal meat grown from cells.
- 🧬 The production of synthetic meat relies on cell cultures discovered in the early 20th century and tissue engineering techniques.
- 🚀 Producers of synthetic meat obtain small amounts of muscle tissue from farmers to replicate the animal's meat without slaughter.
- 🧪 Scientists select the healthiest, most easily reproducing muscle cells and place them in bioreactors with nutrients to grow.
- 💉 The synthetic muscle grows into a solid structure with layers of tissue, and like real muscle, it contracts and eventually dies without oxygen.
- 🌿 Synthetic meat could eliminate animal suffering, reduce greenhouse gas emissions by over 75%, and significantly decrease water usage.
- 🍽 However, synthetic meat faces challenges such as high production costs and the question of whether it's a sustainable solution if meat consumption continues at high levels.
- 💰 The first lab-grown beef hamburger in 2013 cost over $300,000, and while costs have decreased, synthetic meat remains an elitist product.
- 🤔 There are ethical and cultural considerations, with some people skeptical about reintroducing meat into their diets even if it's lab-grown.
- 🌐 By 2050, to feed the global population, we need to produce 70% more food with fewer natural resources, suggesting synthetic meat could play a role in sustainable food production.
Q & A
What did Winston Churchill envision about the future of meat production in his 1931 article?
-In his 1931 article, Winston Churchill envisioned a future where we would avoid the absurdity of raising an entire chicken just to eat a part of it, by cultivating these parts separately in a lab environment.
Which country was the first to approve the commercialization of lab-grown chicken nuggets?
-Singapore was the first country to approve the commercialization of lab-grown chicken nuggets in December 2020.
What is the difference between synthetic meat and plant-based meat alternatives like Beyond Meat or Impossible Burgers?
-Synthetic meat is actual animal meat, produced from a single cell using tissue engineering techniques, unlike plant-based meat alternatives which are created in a lab using plant ingredients.
How is synthetic meat produced in the lab?
-Synthetic meat is produced by taking small amounts of muscle tissue from an animal, freezing the cells in liquid nitrogen, and then reviving them in bioreactors where they are fed nutrients to encourage growth, forming muscle tissue similar to that of an animal.
What are the potential environmental benefits of synthetic meat?
-Synthetic meat could potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions by over 75% and water consumption by up to 90% compared to traditional meat production.
How does synthetic meat address concerns about animal welfare in meat production?
-Synthetic meat could eliminate animal suffering as it does not require raising and slaughtering animals, as the meat is produced from cells in a lab.
What health benefits could synthetic meat offer compared to traditionally produced meat?
-Synthetic meat could offer benefits such as the elimination of bacterial contamination risks and the ability to control the quality of fats in the final product.
What are some of the challenges facing the widespread adoption of synthetic meat?
-Challenges include the high cost of production, the time it takes for products to become affordable for everyone, and public acceptance and preference for traditional meat.
How might synthetic meat help with food waste and transportation issues?
-Synthetic meat could reduce food waste by utilizing parts of the animal that are usually not sold, and it could eliminate transportation issues since the meat could be cultivated near urban centers.
What ethical concerns are there regarding the consumption of synthetic meat?
-Some people might see the promotion of synthetic meat as hypocritical, especially when guidelines recommend avoiding processed and artificial foods, and it might generate skepticism among those who prefer natural food options.
What does the future hold for synthetic meat in terms of global food production?
-By 2050, to feed the entire world population, we need to produce 70% more food than we do today, and synthetic meat could be part of the solution to meet this demand with fewer natural resources.
Outlines
🍽 Synthetic Meat: The Future of Food
This paragraph discusses the shared vision of Winston Churchill and Bill Gates regarding the future of synthetic meat. Churchill, in 1931, imagined a future where we would avoid the inefficiency of raising an entire chicken just to eat a part of it. Fast forward to 2020, Singapore became the first country to approve the commercialization of lab-grown chicken meat. The paragraph also touches on the environmental benefits of synthetic meat, its production process using cell cultures discovered in the early 20th century, and the potential health benefits such as reduced risk of bacterial contamination and control over the quality of fats in the final product. It also raises questions about the sustainability of meat consumption and the challenges of making synthetic meat accessible and affordable.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Synthetic Meat
💡Winston Churchill
💡Bill Gates
💡Climate Change
💡Cell Culture
💡Bioreactors
💡Cellular Agriculture
💡Ethical Considerations
💡Sustainability
💡Food Waste
💡Public Perception
Highlights
Winston Churchill and Bill Gates both envisioned a future with synthetic meat.
In 1931, Churchill wrote about avoiding the absurdity of raising a whole chicken for just a piece of meat.
Singapore became the first country to approve the commercialization of lab-grown chicken croquettes in December 2020.
Bill Gates suggested that residents of rich countries should consume synthetic meat to limit human impact on climate change.
Synthetic meat is not plant-based like Beyond Meat or Impossible Foods but is actual animal meat grown from a single cell.
The concept of growing meat from cells began with the discovery of cell cultures in the early 20th century.
Synthetic meat production uses tissue engineering techniques similar to those used in regenerative medicine.
Producers partner with farmers to obtain small amounts of muscle tissue from the animal to be replicated.
Cells are preserved in liquid nitrogen and then revived to identify the healthiest, most easily reproducing muscle cells.
Bioreactors provide a nutrient-rich environment for muscle cells to grow, mimicking the conditions inside an animal.
Synthetic muscle tissue is alive, contracting spontaneously or in response to stimuli, similar to natural muscle.
Synthetic meat could eliminate the suffering of animals in meat production and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption.
The risk of bacterial contamination would be eliminated, and the quality of saturated fats could be controlled in synthetic meat.
Synthetic meat could reduce waste from parts of the animal that are usually unsold or spoil, and eliminate transportation issues.
The high cost of the first lab-grown beef hamburger in 2013 highlights the challenges in making synthetic meat affordable.
Current costs and production times for lab-grown meat have decreased significantly, but it remains an elitist product.
The market for synthetic meat may be limited, with challenges in appealing to vegans, vegetarians, and traditional meat eaters.
Surveys show skepticism and hypocrisy in promoting synthetic meat as an alternative, especially when recommending reduced meat consumption.
By 2050, we need to produce 70% more food with fewer natural resources, suggesting a potential role for synthetic meat.
Transcripts
cosa hanno in comune winston churchill e
bill gates entrambi hanno immaginato un
futuro in cui mangeremo carne sintetica
ciao silvia lazzari nel 1931 in un
articolo pubblicato su strand magazine
winston churchill immaginando il mondo
50 anni dopo scriveva che eviteremo
l'assurdità di coltivare un pollo intero
per mangiarne solo un tetto all ala
coltivando queste parti separatamente in
un mezzo all'altro non 50 anni ma quasi
90 anni dopo a dicembre 2020 singapore è
stato il primo paese ad approvare la
commercializzazione di crocchette di
pollo create con cellule cresciute in
laboratorio la carne sintetica di cui
parlava cerci dalla stessa che l'anno
scorso bill gates ha suggerito di
consumare gli abitanti dei paesi ricchi
per limitare l'impatto umano sul
cambiamento climatico
ma cosa si intende precisamente per
carnia sintetica non si tratta di
prodotti come bio mito impossible
borders che sono sì creati in
laboratorio utilizzando ingredienti di
origine vegetale la carne sintetica e
animale a tutti gli effetti ma invece di
provenire da un macello proviene da una
cellula ha iniziato ad essere
considerata possibile grazie alla
scoperta delle colture cellulari
all'inizio del ventesimo secolo e viene
prodotta utilizzando molte delle stesse
tecniche di ingegneria dei tessuti
normalmente utilizzate nella medicina
rigenerativa per produrre la carnina
boratorio i produttori prendono accordi
con gli allevatori per farsi mandare
piccole quantità di tessuto muscolare
dell'animale che vogliono replicare non
più di quanto verrebbe raccolto in una
tipica biopsia le cellule vengono
conservate in azoto liquido un fluido
refrigerante e poi ri animate dallo
stato di congelamento gli scienziati
identificano le cellule muscolari più
sane che si riproducono più facilmente e
le inseriscono in bioreattori dove
saranno alimentate continuamente con i
nutrienti ossigeno un po come
succederebbe nell'animale al posto del
sangue un thriller c'è una miscela a
base di acqua che contiene proteine
grassi ormoni carboidrati vitamine
minerali in passato si usava sia un
bovino fetale una pratica per lo più
abbandonata perché economicamente
ecologicamente ed eticamente
problematica maturando le cellule
muscolari si legano insieme in lunghe
catene informano una struttura solida
con strati di tessuti legati tra di loro
nel momento del raccolto il muscolo è
vivo si contrae spontaneamente o in
risposta a stimoli e come il muscolo di
un animale dopo il suo decesso anche il
muscolo sintetico morirà quando le
cellule smetteranno di ricevere ossigeno
dei bireattori per ora utilizza così
metodi si è ben distanti da produrre una
bistecca ma si possono produrre versioni
abbastanza convincenti di carne
naturalmente meno solida come macinato
hamburger fois gras la carne sintetica
potrebbe non solo rimuovere la
sofferenza animale dalla produzione di
carne ma anche ridurre di oltre tre
quarti le emissioni di gas serra e fino
al 90 per cento del consumo di acqua
legate alla produzione dal punto di
vista della salute si eliminerebbe il
rischio di contaminazione batterica e si
potrebbe controllare la qualità dei
grassi saturi del prodotto finale prende
questa carne potrebbe consentire di
ridurre gli sprechi delle parti
dell'animale che di solito finiscono
invendute o che vanno male ed eliminare
del tutto il problema dei trasporti
perché la carne potrebbe essere
coltivata di strutture vicine ai centri
cittadini distribuiti sul territorio
ma ci sono anche diversi problemi
anzitutto continuare a mangiare grandi
quantità di carne in attesa che arrivi
questa soluzione non è proprio una vita
sostenibile e ci vorrà tempo che ma che
i prodotti a base di carne sintetica
siano disponibili a un prezzo
accessibile per tutti basti pensare che
il primo hamburger di manzo prodotto in
laboratorio a maastricht nel 2013 è
costato oltre 300.000 dollari e per
produrla ci sono voluti più di due anni
da allora costi e tempistiche sono scesi
molto ma oggi la carne coltivata in
laboratorio sarebbe comunque un prodotto
elitario e poi c'è la domanda delle
domande non avrebbe più senso smettere
di mangiare carne o ridurne il consumo
per la canalis in tecnica potrebbe
esserci un mercato molto ridotto da un
lato vegani e vegetariani già abituati
anno mangiarne potrebbero decidere di
non reintrodurla neanche se prodotta
praticamente dall'altro gli intenditori
di carne potrebbero decidere di non
rinunciare alle proprie esperienze
culinarie e quindi la carne sintetica
rischia di essere una soluzione solo per
chi si trova nel mezzo e non se la sente
di rinunciare a mangiare carne per
ragioni sociali e culturali ma poi
interessa consumare in modo più
sostenibile e poi molti sondaggi hanno
già mostrato che di fronte a linee guida
sull'alimentazione che ci raccomandano
evitare il più possibile cv oltre a
processati l'esaltazione della carne
sintetica artificiale o alternativa
sembra a molti un ipocrisia e genera un
po di scetticismo
ad ogni modo non sappiamo ancora se
quando questo tipo di carne sarà
disponibile su grande scala quello che
sappiamo però è che entro 2050 per
sfamare l'intera popolazione mondiale
dobbiamo produrre il 70 per cento di
cibo in più rispetto a quanto ne
produciamo oggi ma con meno risorse
naturali disponibili forse in uno
scenario del genere alcuni non finiranno
per sentirsi inaspettatamente meno
schizzinosi anche di fronte al cibo più
franche insegnano di tutti
[Musica]
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