Kevin Hale - Startup Pricing 101
Summary
TLDREl guion trata sobre los fundamentos de la fijación de precios, especialmente para startups y productos innovadores. Se discuten las dificultades en la定价ción, técnicas para optimizar precios y estrategias para atraer a los primeros adoptadores. Se enfatiza la importancia de entender el valor percibido y la relación entre costos, precio y valor, y se aconseja aumentar los precios gradualmente hasta perder el 20% de las ventas para encontrar el punto óptimo.
Takeaways
- 📈 La optimización de precios es un aspecto crítico para el crecimiento de una empresa, y aunque a menudo es descuidado, ofrece un gran retorno en la inversión de esfuerzos.
- 💡 El concepto de 'termómetro de precios' ayuda a entender la relación entre el costo, el precio y el valor, y cómo estas interacciones afectan el crecimiento de la empresa.
- 🔄 Existen dos enfoques principales para establecer precios: basado en el costo (costo más) y basado en el valor. El segundo es recomendado para startups, pero puede ser difícil de implementar correctamente.
- 🚫 Los errores comunes en la fijación de precios incluyen la subestimación del costo, la falta de comprensión del valor percibido por el cliente y el enfoque en el grupo de clientes incorrecto.
- 💰 Los startups tienden a subestimar sus costos y no comprenden completamente el valor que ofrecen, lo que resulta en una fijación de precios demasiado baja.
- 🛍️ Los clientes tempranos, que son los primeros en adoptar un producto, no son sensibles al precio y buscan beneficios sobre todo; por lo tanto, no debes subestimar el valor de tu producto para ellos.
- 📉 La falta de comprensión del valor puede llevar a una fijación de precios incorrecta, ya que no se puede convencer al cliente de que el producto vale lo que se está pidiendo.
- 📈 La estrategia de adquisición se ve afectada por la fijación de precios; un precio incorrecto puede conducir a una estrategia de adquisición inadecuada o a un desperdicio de dinero.
- 📊 La optimización de precios implica probar diferentes precios y observar su efecto en las tasas de conversión, el volumen de ventas y los ingresos generados.
- 🚀 Al establecer precios, es importante asegurarse de que el valor percibido por el cliente sea al menos 10 veces el precio, para aumentar la probabilidad de compra.
- 📉 Si los precios son demasiado bajos, pueden generar dudas en los clientes sobre la calidad o la confiabilidad del producto, lo que puede ralentizar el crecimiento.
- 📈 Al aumentar los precios en un 5% y observar la caída en el número de ventas, se puede determinar el punto óptimo de equilibrio entre precio y volumen de ventas.
Q & A
¿Por qué es el precio un tema de gran interés en startups y por qué es difícil establecerlo?
-El precio es un tema de gran interés en startups porque afecta directamente a la estrategia de adquisición y monetización. Es difícil porque implica entender los costos, el valor percibido por el cliente y cómo estos factores interaccionan para impulsar el crecimiento de la empresa.
¿Qué es el 'termómetro de precios' y cómo ayuda a entender los problemas de定价?
-El 'termómetro de precios' es un concepto que ayuda a visualizar la relación entre el costo, el precio y el valor. Ayuda a comprender cómo estos factores afectan el crecimiento y a identificar los errores comunes en la estrategia de precios.
¿Cuáles son las dos formas principales de establecer el precio de un producto o servicio?
-Las dos formas principales de establecer el precio son 'costo más', donde el precio se basa en los costos de producción y se añade un margen de beneficio, y 'precio basado en el valor', donde el precio se establece en función del valor que el cliente percibe en el producto o servicio.
¿Por qué muchas startups cometen el error de poner un precio demasiado bajo a sus productos?
-Muchas startups subestiman sus costos y no comprenden el valor que ofrecen a los clientes. Esto lleva a una falta de margen y a la dificultad de convencer a los clientes de que el valor propuesto justifica un precio más alto.
¿Cómo afecta el precio en la estrategia de adquisición de clientes y por qué es importante entender esto?
-El precio直接影响 la estrategia de adquisición porque determina qué tipos de clientes se pueden atraer y retener. Es importante entender esto para evitar malas posiciones estratégicas o gastar demasiado dinero en la adquisición de clientes que no resultan rentables.
¿Qué es un 'pricing trick sprinkle' y cómo se utiliza en la optimización de precios?
-Un 'pricing trick sprinkle' es una técnica o truco de定价 que se utiliza para mejorar la optimización de precios. Se refiere a estrategias sencillas pero efectivas que se pueden aplicar para solucionar problemas específicos en la定价.
¿Cuál es la relación entre el esfuerzo invertido en la monetización y el impacto en el negocio según la encuesta de más de 500 compañías SaaS?
-Según la encuesta, invertir un 1% de esfuerzo adicional en la monetización puede generar un retorno del 3.32% en el negocio, lo que muestra que la optimización de precios es una de las estrategias más efectivas para el crecimiento.
¿Por qué es importante no subestimar el valor de los productos para los 'early adopters' y cómo afecta esto a la percepción de riesgo?
-Los 'early adopters' buscan beneficios y no son sensibles al precio. Subestimar el valor de los productos puede hacer que parezca que hay un riesgo de reputación, lo que lleva a cuestiones como '¿por qué es demasiado bueno para ser verdad?', lo que puede disuadir a los clientes de adoptar el producto.
¿Cómo se puede utilizar una tabla simple para optimizar los precios y qué datos se deben considerar?
-Para optimizar los precios, se puede utilizar una tabla con columnas para los diferentes puntos de precio, las tasas de conversión resultantes, el volumen de ventas y los ingresos generados. Esto permite comparar fácilmente los efectos de diferentes precios y elegir el que ofrece el mejor equilibrio entre ingresos y volumen de ventas.
¿Qué es la 'zona de peligro' en términos de定价 y por qué es importante identificarla?
-La 'zona de peligro' se refiere a un rango de precios en el que los costos de adquisición son demasiado altos en comparación con los ingresos generados, lo que lleva a una sostenibilidad insostenible para la empresa. Es importante identificarla para ajustar el precio o reducir los costos de adquisición y asegurar la viabilidad a largo plazo.
¿Cuál es la 'regla de 10-5-20' en定价 y cómo se aplica?
-La 'regla de 10-5-20' sugiere establecer un precio que sea 10 veces el valor percibido por el cliente, comenzar a aumentar los precios en un 5% y continuar aumentándolos hasta que se pierdan el 20% de las ventas. Esto ayuda a encontrar el punto óptimo de precio que equilibra la aceptación del mercado y la rentabilidad.
Outlines
💡 Fundamentos de Precios para Startups
Esta sección cubre los conceptos básicos de la fijación de precios, destacando su importancia y dificultad particular para las startups. Se discute la relevancia de entender la relación entre costos, precio y valor, y cómo estos factores influyen en el crecimiento empresarial. Se mencionan estrategias de optimización de precios y se desentraña el proceso, proporcionando consejos prácticos para abordar desafíos de定价问题. Además, se enfatiza la importancia de la monetización y cómo la optimización de precios puede tener un impacto significativo en el negocio, a menudo más del que la adquisición o la retención de clientes.
🚫 Errores Comunes en la Fijación de Precios
Se identifican cuatro errores frecuentes que cometen las startups al fijar precios: la subestimación de costos, la falta de comprensión del valor percibido por el cliente, la incapacidad para convencer a los clientes de dicho valor y el enfoque en el grupo de clientes incorrecto. Se argumenta que los productos innovadores suelen ser subestimados en el mercado, lo que resulta en márgenes insuficientes y una falta de reconocimiento del valor que ofrecen. Además, se destaca la importancia de comprender a los tempranos adoptadores y cómo su enfoque en los beneficios y no en el precio los hace no sensibles a la fijación de precios.
📊 Optimización de Precios y Análisis de Ventas
En esta sección, se aborda el proceso de optimización de precios, utilizando una tabla sencilla para evaluar diferentes puntos de precio y sus efectos en la tasa de conversión y el volumen de ventas. Se sugiere que las empresas deban tener en claro cuántos clientes necesitan para alcanzar objetivos de ventas anuales y cómo esto se ve afectado por el precio de sus productos. Se introduce el concepto de 'zona de peligro' para aquellos productos que tienen un ciclo de ventas largo y un precio no suficientemente alto como para justificar los costos de adquisición, y se enfatiza la necesidad de moverse fuera de esta zona mediante el aumento del valor percibido del producto o el ajuste de los precios.
💰 Estrategias de Precios para el Crecimiento Empresarial
El último párrafo enfatiza la importancia de la fijación de precios en el crecimiento de una empresa y proporciona reglas generales para establecer y ajustar precios. Se sugiere que los precios deben reflejar un valor 10 veces mayor que el precio de mercado y que sea fácilmente comprensible para el cliente. Se recomienda comenzar con un precio base y aumentarlo en un 5% hasta que se pierdan aproximadamente el 20% de las ventas potenciales, lo que indica que se ha alcanzado un equilibrio adecuado. Además, se aboga por la simplicidad en el proceso de optimización de precios y la necesidad de entender las variables involucradas, como los costos y el valor percibido, para poder comunicar efectivamente la propuesta de valor a los clientes.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Precio
💡Margen
💡Valor
💡Costeo
💡Optimización de precios
💡Estrategia de adquisición
💡Clientes pioneros
💡Innovación
💡Segmentación de mercado
💡Regla de oro
Highlights
Pricing is a fundamental aspect of business strategy, especially for startups and innovative products.
The talk addresses the common challenges startups face with pricing and aims to demystify the process.
Pricing is particularly difficult for startups due to the unique nature of their products and markets.
The concept of the 'pricing thermometer' is introduced to understand the relationship between cost, price, and value.
The importance of price optimization for growth is highlighted, noting its often neglected status.
A survey of over 500 SaaS companies reveals the significant impact of pricing on business growth.
The '10x rule' is suggested for setting prices, where the perceived value should be ten times the cost.
Startups often make the mistake of undervaluing their products, leading to insufficient margins.
The importance of understanding customer segments, such as SMBs, and their impact on pricing strategy is discussed.
Pricing strategies can affect a company's acquisition strategy and its efficiency.
Early adopters are identified as the primary target for startups and their distinct characteristics in relation to pricing.
The concept of 'danger zones' in pricing is introduced, indicating unsustainable acquisition costs.
A simple table method for price optimization is recommended over complex graphs or models.
The importance of raising prices incrementally and gauging customer response is emphasized.
A practical approach to understanding the potential of reaching a billion-dollar valuation through pricing is discussed.
The 'Garbage Zone' in pricing is identified, where the sales cycle is too long relative to the price charged.
The impact of pricing on the sales process, from self-serve to enterprise-level sales, is outlined.
The talk concludes with actionable advice on pricing, including understanding costs, value, and customer segments.
The audience is encouraged to approach pricing with confidence and to not be afraid of making adjustments.
Transcripts
this was a highly requested talk from
last year or lots of people had
questions about pricing or really
confused it's actually was well
requested both at YC itself that's a
very very popular workshop that we run
and so we're gonna go over a lot of
basic fundamentals for pricing that
hopefully will just help you understand
how to approach your pricing and
monetization from first principles and
then you help you help yourselves same
thing with the landing page lock so
we're gonna go over first principles for
pricing we're gonna go over why is
pricing particularly hard for startups
for people making innovative products
and new markets like why is it extra
difficult how do you do price
optimisation like how do you actually do
it what does that actually look like and
just kind of demystify that whole
process when we look at the challenges
of pricing you start recognizing why
certain types of customer segments that
you're going after are difficult like
SMB and we'll talk a little bit about
that we're gonna talk about how pricing
affects your acquisition strategy it
changes what you can do and what you
cannot do and it's extremely important
because a lot of companies get caught up
doing the wrong position strategy or
wasting too much money use the price is
incorrect and then I'm gonna give you
some rules of thumbs some pricing tricks
just to help make it a lot easier when
you're encountering different pricing
problems I call them pricing trick
sprinkles okay there are three lovers
you can pull to improve growth so in the
last talk I talked about conversion rate
and churn but monetization is actually
the Big Dawg it's the one that I really
like now there was a survey done with
over 500 SAS companies and they talked
about sort of like amount of effort that
they put into each one of these
strategies and the returns that they got
as a result of it now acquisition is
really fun and exciting it's the one
that everyone kind of understands simply
it's like I get more customers I get
more logos gives me more growth
retention of course is about keeping
customers and
zatia is about getting more money per
customer now if you increase just your
efforts or resources by one percent your
work on acquisition usually get a return
of about three point three two percent
in retention it's about six point seven
and when you're optimizing pricing that
gives you your biggest bang for your
buck in terms of impact on your business
yet and it's the one that is most
neglected and I think it's the one that
everyone is so afraid to touch because
they're so scared that if they get the
pricing wrong that they will lose all
their customers now the first principles
the basic idea about pricing the thing
the concept that really opened up in my
head how to think about pricing how to
understand the problems that people are
facing and why startups get it wrong is
to use a concept called the pricing
thermometer and so you have to
understand that when you price something
there's actually like two other factors
at play and so there's a cost there's
the price and then there's the value and
the interplay of in relationship between
these items affects how growth happens
inside of your company now the gap
between price and cost that is your
margin that is your incentive to sell
and so the bigger that gap is the more
you are driven to want to push your
product to your customers to have your
sales people etc this gap here between
price and value is incentive to buy and
the larger that gap is the easier it is
to have your customers to want to sign
up or views your product now to figure
out price there's really two ways to go
about it you either start with the cost
if you know what it is and you figure
out where your price is based off of
that that is called cost plus the other
way to do it is figure out what is the
value of your company or product or
service and then you figure out your
price from that and that is called
value-based pricing
in startups and almost pretty
consistently across all businesses
everyone will tell you you should strive
for value-based pricing it allows you to
charge a whole lot more it allows you to
manipulate this incentive to buy the
problem is because people do not
understand their relationships or even
understand what are their costs and what
are the value that their customer is
going to think about their product they
put their price in a kind of arbitrary
place and they don't know what are the
forces at play that drives it and it
results in four different types of
mistakes
the first one is startups will price
their products too low basically you
consistently under charge is the number
one piece of advice we give through most
startups to fix their pricing and I'll
talk a little bit about why most
companies fall into that trap you
underestimate your costs and the result
is you have a problem where your margins
aren't enough to cover sort of
acquisition you don't understand your
value you don't understand how your
company thinks about the problem that
you're solving for them or how they
value it and either they don't
understand your value or you don't know
how to convince them of the value that
you think you offer and as a result you
can't get the price that you want and
lastly you focus on the wrong customers
that you think man
man if I built a better product and I
charge half the competition I win the
thing is that almost never happens and
the reason is because you as a start-up
you as working on something to create a
new market are working on innovative
products you are focused on the wrong
customers they are not the mainstream
people who are going to look at the
price and make most of the determination
based off of that so this is the sales
and profit over a product's life from an
Shinto demise that's what it's called
all you need to know is that these are
five different stages of a company and
this is what sales might look like over
different stages and what profits might
look like over those different stages
you who are in start-up school you who
are getting seed funding your are in the
first two stages product development
stage introduction you are not in the
growth phase and the thing to keep in
mind is that the customers in the first
two stages the ones that you're going
after they don't look like mainstream
customers that you find in growth and
maturity stages they're not mature
customers they're early adopters and
thing to know about early adopters is
you kind of don't really get a lot of
momentum and growth until you get past
the first two to five percent of
potential buyers of your market these
people in that two to five percent
they're called early adopters and the
thing that drives them it's very
different from mainstream people so one
there's a couple things to keep in mind
about pricing innovative products what
you are trying to do fundamentally is
require users the change to their
pattern to stop doing it the old shity
spreadsheet way and do it in the new
better your way and getting someone to
change their pattern is actually
difficult right especially if they're a
mature person partly because the average
user lacks
information needed and the trust in you
or whatever it is that you're making to
make that change to take that risk
you are entrepreneurs you're comfortable
taking risks your customers are not
entrepreneurs for the most part they're
probably less comfortable taking risks
and so in the beginning you're going
after people who are willing to take a
risk and those are early adopters those
are people who care about benefits above
all else that the highest value to them
is beating their competition
doing something much better and taking a
chance that something new will give them
that edge over anybody else those early
adopters therefore are not price
sensitive if anything if you've built a
better product and you charge less it
looks like you have reputation risk it's
like why is it too good to be true what
is the catch and what will end up
happening is it makes it much longer to
get to not understand this is basically
all price optimization this is those
complicated way that you can try to show
price optimization this is a demand
yield curve and when you have on this
side is different prices and on this
side you have sales unit sales and
basically what you are trying to figure
out when you're optimizing the price
that you're charging your customers is
like basically what is the perfect
balance between how much I charge and
how much sales volume I get and then
your price optimization is basically
that try different prices and then see
what the effect is when I have my
companies optimize their prices they
just use a very simple table you don't
need to try to figure that weird ass
graph basically you want to have a
column that says these are the prices
I'm gonna try and then what is the
result in conversion rate what is the
result in sales volume and then how much
revenue did I generate that's all it is
and so let's say I have prices at these
different price points and I get these
different conversion rates and I get
this sales volume I should immediately
be able to see who the winner is here we
go now the one thing to keep in mind
once we have figured out something like
this what a simple product is that these
areas at lower prices if you can afford
them in terms of your margin or actually
lost opportunities and what you want to
understand about these are these are
what you're going to see if you offer
discount pricing or offer tiered pricing
at different price points another
exercise I like to go with companies
when dealing with pricing is how them
understand is like
are you in a danger zone and so what I
usually do with my companies that I help
have them sort of calculate what would
their business look like or what does it
gonna look like to be a billion dollar
company and usually the rule of thumb
there is to be doing a hundred million
dollars a year in sales and revenue and
so that basically is like what at your
price that you give how many customers
do you need to have to make a hundred
million dollars in that year so let's
have a bunch of different price points
then we know okay great
I need these number of customers in
order to make this formula work you
understand what that looks like at a
hundred dollar price point with a
potential about million users right
this is consumers that's what that
consumer space looks like and you know
what this down here looks like $100,000
here we call this enterprise this area
here is the part that a lot of companies
are in and really really struggle
they're on the struggle bus and it tends
to be SMB these are people who kind of
treat their money like consumers right
but they kind of look like they might be
an enterprise and the reason why this is
such a danger zone is because it will
tend to fit in the wrong place on my
next diagram so let's imagine that this
vertical axis represents a price you can
charge either high price or a low price
for your product and this represents
complexity of your sales process low
complexity to high complexity if you are
having a product that is two thousand
dollars or less and is basically
self-serve then you have something in
this quadrant here and this affects
completely what you can do in terms of
what drives your business what you can
spend on to get that sort of growth that
price point here at $2,000 it needs to
be have almost all marketing be inbound
you can't spend a lot of money outbound
or ads etc
your support has to be completely
self-serve or very very minimal you have
no sales team at this price point you
can't afford it right but conversions
can happen on the same day must be in a
self-serve model transactional so
between two and ten thousand dollars
when you're able to charge this you're
able to have a few new toys at your
sleeves and so marketing now can be
focused on generating qualified leads
your customer support can now offer like
SL A's or you can start paying for
training that people get on boarded and
for sales you can't hire a dedicated
salesperson but maybe you can have an
inside sales rep to sell within
companies are within your customers you
could maybe have an SDR
and you can maybe have someone dedicated
to giving product demos sales cycle here
should not be longer than one to three
months enterprise it's over twenty five
thousand dollars now for marketing you
can start spending things on branding on
building up trust with customers your
support is very very high touched that
you can afford you can do phone support
you can have a customer success person
dedicated to the client and for sales
you're going to start thinking about
sales managers dividing stuff into
territories and having sales engineers
that participate in terms of conversion
and the sales calls these will have a
sales cycle about six to twelve months
this is the garbage zone right and you
know if you're potentially in this and
this is the big wake-up call for you if
it's taking you months and months and
months to close someone but you're not
making a lot of money to cover it you
have a process where your acquisition
costs are just too high for you to be
sustainable and you have to get yourself
out of that problem all of your work
should be towards increasing the
perceived value of your product or
service I'm going to end on a good rule
of thumb so if you are
starting with some kind of price but you
don't know how to sort of optimize it or
figure it out then here's a good place
to get going the first thing is I like
to have things where the value is 10x
the price of whatever it is I'm charging
and I want to have it so that the value
is easily understood to be 10x so for
example if I charge for a product that
is $10 then it should be in terms of
perceived value by my customer that it's
worth $100 to them if they do not
immediately understand the 10x value of
the price it's gonna be hard to get them
to move their incentive the buy might be
too low
once you have any kind of price and this
is particularly important for people are
doing b2b or enterprise sale you should
start practicing raising prices and I
like to just start by raising prices by
5% if you feel really confident jump it
up by bigger numbers if you want but
this is a pretty safe way to do it so
that you can feel comfortable with it
and you want to keep raising prices
until you're losing 20% of your
customers that's about a good balance to
have in terms of understanding that like
I have a good price here I'm losing 20%
of my deals it's not too high it's not
too low
in summary for pricing pricing gives the
most bang for your buck you should work
on pricing if you've never touched the
pricing of your product then you're
losing out on lots of potential growth
understand the variables do you really
understand your cost do you understand
why you've plate the price where it is
and do you understand the value when you
go into a sales meeting or call do you
talk to people and you basically say
it's like I know exactly what this is
going to be worth to you
so when I tell you what the price is
going to be you're going to be like damn
that's totally worth it
go after early adopters remember as a
startup that is who you're going after
so when you are talking to customers and
they are taking a really long time to
make a decision or they're wanting to
have a lot more proof that other people
are using it
are not talking to an early adopter
you're wasting a lot of time on
non-believers go after them first don't
take it personally when these people who
are much more mature aren't ready for
your products they were never going to
be your job is to get through that first
two to five percent of the market those
early adopters care more about benefits
than price so don't under your products
when you have something that is of value
and easily understood to have value get
organized when you're doing proper price
optimisation it's really really easy
don't over complicate things
figure out a bunch of different price
points you want to check understand
sales volume conversion rate and the
revenue that's involved and that will
help you make the best pricing decision
your price will determine your
acquisition strategy if you realize that
your sales cycle or all the things that
you're spending on is way too much for
the amount of money that you're charging
you either need to increase the price or
completely reduce your acquisition
strategy costs use the 10 520 rule set a
price that is 10x that is a tenth of the
value increase prices by five percent
until you are losing twenty percent of
the deals thank you very much guys
[Applause]
you
you
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