BAB 1 : MENJELAJAH SEL | Biologi Kelas 11 Kurikulum Merdeka

Summary

In this educational video, Miss Maya introduces Grade 11 students to the fascinating world of cells. Covering topics from the basics of cell structure and function to the history of cell discovery, the video explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the role of cell organelles, and how the eye uses different types of cells to help us see. The video also explores the structure and functions of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and the nucleus. A perfect starting point for students looking to dive deeper into biology!

Takeaways

• 😀 Cells are the smallest functional and structural units that make up all living organisms, including humans, animals, and plants.
• 😀 The body grows taller due to the continuous division and repair of cells over time.
• 😀 The history of cell discovery dates back to 1665 when Robert Hooke first observed cells, using a microscope.
• 😀 Electron microscopes are used to observe very small objects like bacteria, while light microscopes can observe larger objects like cells.
• 😀 A cell's size typically ranges from 10 microns to 100 microns, which can be observed using light or electron microscopes.
• 😀 The human eye and brain work together to support activities like reading, which involve various types of specialized cells.
• 😀 There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic cells (without a nuclear membrane) and eukaryotic cells (with a nuclear membrane).
• 😀 Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share three main components: the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and the cell nucleus.
• 😀 The plasma membrane is semipermeable and consists of proteins, lipids, and cholesterol, helping to regulate substances entering and leaving the cell.
• 😀 Cytoplasm, which is the liquid part of the cell, provides a medium for chemical reactions to occur, like glycolysis.
• 😀 Cells in animal and plant organisms have different organelles, with some organelles like chloroplasts being unique to plant cells, while others, like the centrioles, are found mainly in animal cells.

Q & A

Who discovered cells and when?

Cells were first discovered by English scientist Robert Hooke in 1665.

What are the smallest functional and structural units that make up an organism?

Cells are the smallest functional and structural units that make up an organism.

What are the two main types of microscopes used to observe cells?

The two main types of microscopes used to observe cells are electron microscopes and light microscopes.

Why can't some objects be observed with a light microscope?

Some objects are too small to be observed with a light microscope and require an electron microscope for detailed observation.

What is the size range of a typical cell?

The size of a typical cell ranges between 10 microns and 100 microns.

What are the main functions of cells?

Cells carry out life functions and form organisms. They help in processes like growth, repair, and maintaining life activities.

What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

The primary difference is that prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do.

What are the three main components found in all cells?

All cells have three main components: the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and the cell nucleus.

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane protects the cell, regulates what enters and exits, and helps maintain the internal environment of the cell.

What is the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Cholesterol helps maintain the flexibility of the plasma membrane by preventing the phospholipids from becoming too dense.