Karya Ilmiah: Pengutipan, Penomoran, dan Daftar Pustaka

Summary

In this lesson, Mrs. Raisya explains the importance of citations, bibliographies, and numbering in scientific papers. The discussion covers how to correctly cite sources using both direct and indirect quotes, with emphasis on Harvard Style. It also highlights the proper way to compile bibliographies for books, journals, and online sources, ensuring accuracy and clarity. Furthermore, the session explains the correct method of numbering main chapters, sub-chapters, tables, figures, and appendices in scientific writing to maintain systematic structure. The overall goal is to enhance the quality and validity of scientific papers by following proper citation and formatting rules.

Takeaways

• 😀 Citing, bibliographies, and numbering are crucial in scientific papers to ensure validity and improve the quality of work.
• 😀 Proper citations help avoid plagiarism and validate the work by referencing expert opinions or findings.
• 😀 Direct quotes include exact words from an original source and should be quoted with proper formatting (quotation marks for short quotes, block formatting for long ones).
• 😀 Indirect quotes, or paraphrasing, involve restating an idea in your own words while preserving the original meaning.
• 😀 In Harvard style, direct quotes of less than two lines are in-text with quotation marks, while longer quotes require block formatting with no quotation marks.
• 😀 Indirect quotes should include the author's name and publication year, but quotation marks are not used.
• 😀 Bibliographies are essential for properly crediting the sources used in a scientific paper, and their format includes the author's name, publication year, title, and publisher.
• 😀 For books, the format includes the author’s name in reverse, year of publication, title in italics, and publisher information.
• 😀 When citing journals, the article title is not italicized, but the journal name is. The volume, pages, DOI, or URL must also be included.
• 😀 When citing online sources, include the accessed date and URL to ensure accuracy and traceability of online references.
• 😀 Numbering in scientific papers includes using Roman numerals for main chapters and Arabic numerals for sub-chapters and tables. Appendices can also be numbered using letters or Roman numerals.

Q & A

Why is citing, writing bibliographies, and numbering important in scientific papers?

Citing, writing bibliographies, and numbering are important in scientific papers because they improve the quality and validity of the work. They give credit to original authors, avoid plagiarism, and ensure the paper is systematically organized.

What is the difference between direct and indirect quotes in scientific papers?

A direct quote involves copying an exact sentence or phrase from a source, while an indirect quote, or paraphrase, rephrases someone else's ideas in your own words without changing the meaning.

How should short direct quotes be formatted in Harvard style?

Short direct quotes, less than two lines, should be inserted into the text with quotation marks around them, including the author's name, year, and page number.

What is the format for long direct quotes in Harvard style?

For long direct quotes (more than 40 words), the quote should be separated into a block, without quotation marks. It should start from the left margin, be single-spaced, and indented.

What are the rules for citing indirect quotes or paraphrases in Harvard style?

In indirect quotes or paraphrases, do not use quotation marks. You must include the author’s name and the publication year, and page numbers are optional but recommended for more precision.

How do you format a bibliography entry for a book in Harvard style?

In Harvard style, a book bibliography entry starts with the author's last name, followed by their first name. Then the year of publication, the title in italics, edition (if applicable), the city of publication, and the publisher.

How should journal articles be cited in a bibliography?

For journal articles, the author’s name is listed first, followed by the publication year, the title of the article (not italicized), the name of the journal (italicized), the volume, page numbers, and the DOI or URL if available.

What is the proper way to cite sources from the internet in a bibliography?

When citing from the internet, list the author’s name, the publication year, the title of the article (not italicized), the website name (italicized), and the URL. The date accessed must also be included because online content can change.

How should numbering be structured in scientific papers?

Numbering in scientific papers starts with Roman numerals for main chapters, followed by Arabic numerals for sub-chapters, and decimal numbers for further sub-sections. Tables, figures, and appendices are also numbered sequentially.

What are some common mistakes when formatting citations, bibliographies, and numbering in scientific papers?

Common mistakes include improper indentation of bibliography entries, missing necessary details like publication years or page numbers, using incorrect quote styles, or not following the correct numbering system for sections and sub-sections.