Part#6: Al-Amru dan Jenis-Jenisnya - Ilmu Ma'ani: Ustadz Muhammad Syafii

Summary

The speaker discusses the concept of 'Al-Amr' (command) in the context of Arabic language and Islamic teachings. He explains that commands, as defined in Arabic, must come from a higher authority, and elaborates on various forms of commands in the Quran and Hadith. These forms include the use of imperative verbs (Fi'il Amr), as well as other structures such as masdar (noun forms). The speaker also distinguishes between commands and other expressions, such as prayers, requests, and challenges, illustrating that not every imperative structure implies an actual command. The lesson concludes by inviting further discussion on 'An-Nahyu' (prohibition).

Takeaways

• 😀 Al-Amr (command) refers to an order or instruction from a higher authority.
• 😀 A command in Arabic must come from a superior, such as Allah, a parent, or a boss.
• 😀 Even if a sentence appears to be a command, like a child asking their parent for something, it is not considered a true command if the authority is not higher.
• 😀 Supplications (du'a) to Allah, even if phrased like commands, are not considered orders because humans are not in a position to command Allah.
• 😀 There are four main forms of expressing Al-Amr in Arabic: Fi'il Amr, Fi'il Mudhori with Lam Amr, Isim forms, and Masdar.
• 😀 Fi'il Amr is a direct imperative verb used to give clear commands, like Allah’s command to take the book.
• 😀 Fi'il Mudhori with Lam Amr combines a present tense verb with a particle of command, often used in Hadiths or instructions.
• 😀 Noun forms (Isim) or Masdar can also express commands, as in treating parents with kindness (Ihsan).
• 😀 Not all appearances of a command in language are true commands; sometimes they are requests, wishes, or even impossibilities.
• 😀 Commands in the form of Taman express something impossible or unlikely, such as asking for a change in a divine decree.
• 😀 Commands like Al-Ibahah show permissibility, such as allowing hunting after certain religious conditions are no longer applicable.

Q & A

What does the term 'Al Amru' refer to in this context?

'Al Amru' refers to the concept of a command or order in Arabic grammar, which originates from a higher authority. It indicates a directive given from someone in a position of power or authority.

Why can’t a command be issued by a subordinate to a superior, even if it appears in the form of a command?

In Arabic, a command issued by a subordinate, such as an employee to a boss or a child to a parent, is not considered a true command. Even if the form is a command, its meaning is not regarded as one because a command must come from an authority figure.

What is the difference between a command to Allah and a prayer or supplication?

Even though a supplication to Allah (e.g., 'Robbana') may appear like a command due to its use of the 'Amr' form, it is not a command. A supplication is an expression of a request from a lower being (us) to the higher being (Allah), and cannot be seen as commanding Allah.

What are the four main forms of 'Al Amru' in Arabic grammar as discussed in the lecture?

The four main forms of 'Al Amru' are: 1) The 'Fi'il Amr' form, such as 'Hudil kitaab' (take the book), 2) The 'Fi'il Mudhori' with 'Lam Amr', as in phrases like 'Yaqul' (he says), 3) The 'Isim Amr', as seen in terms like 'Ihsan' (goodness), and 4) The 'Masdar' form, which represents a command in terms like 'ihsana' (doing good).

Can the form of 'Al Amru' sometimes be used for purposes other than commanding?

Yes, while the forms of 'Al Amru' usually denote commands, they can sometimes serve other purposes, such as making a supplication (du'a), expressing a wish or desire, or simply conveying a message without intending to issue a command.

What is the meaning of 'intimaas' in the context of commands?

Intimaas refers to an expression that looks like a command but is not one, typically used between equals or peers. For instance, when a prophet addresses another prophet or when a person asks a friend for a favor, it's considered intimaas, not a formal command.

What is meant by the term 'Taman' in this context?

'Taman' refers to a statement that expresses a desire or hope for something that is not possible, such as asking for something that is beyond one's control. It is not a command, but rather a form of wish or aspiration.

Can a command be issued to someone with the intention of merely offering an alternative?

Yes, sometimes a phrase that appears as a command may not be meant to give a directive but to offer an alternative or comparison. For example, in the case of 'Isbiru' in the Qur'an, it's not a strict command, but rather an encouragement to remain patient.

What does 'At-Takhir' mean in the context of Arabic commands?

'At-Takhir' refers to a situation where something is deemed impossible or unfeasible, such as a command that cannot be fulfilled due to inherent contradictions or limitations, like telling someone to marry someone they cannot marry.

What is the significance of 'At-Tahdheer' as mentioned in the lecture?

'At-Tahdheer' involves using a command form to issue a warning or threat. It’s not intended as a direct command but rather as an alert about consequences, such as warning someone of punishment for their actions.