Aktivitas Manusia Penyebab Keragaman Spesies Makin Berkurang I Hari Bumi Sedunia

Summary

The 2019 Earth Day theme focuses on protecting species, highlighting the urgent need for conservation, especially in biodiverse countries like Indonesia. The script compares the tiny human population to other species, revealing that humans are responsible for accelerating species extinction at an unprecedented rate. Despite Indonesia’s rich biodiversity, many species are endangered due to human activity, habitat destruction, and pollution. The decline of insects, like butterflies, is alarming, as they are vital pollinators. The script urges global responsibility to protect Earth, calling for efforts to preserve ecosystems and species for future generations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, home to 12% of the world’s mammals, 16% of reptiles and amphibians, 17% of birds, 10% of flowering plants, and 25% of fish species.
• 😀 Despite its biodiversity, Indonesia is also facing significant species loss, with many mammals and birds under threat of extinction.
• 😀 Human activities, including habitat destruction, exploitation, and climate change, are driving species loss at an unprecedented rate.
• 😀 Humans, though only 0.01% of Earth's species, are responsible for accelerating extinction rates globally.
• 😀 The global extinction rate is now thousands of times faster than it was in the past 60 million years, with species disappearing every day.
• 😀 In Germany, 75% of the insect population has declined over the last 28 years, significantly impacting plants that rely on insect pollination.
• 😀 In Indonesia, butterflies are particularly vulnerable, with 25 species protected under international regulations due to habitat loss and illegal hunting.
• 😀 Tokeks (geckos) are also at risk in Indonesia, with up to 2 million exported annually to China, affecting their population.
• 😀 The loss of species has far-reaching consequences, as it disrupts ecosystems and human life, such as affecting pest control like tokeks controlling cockroaches.
• 😀 The Earth is described as a miniature paradise, and it is our responsibility to protect and preserve it for all living beings.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the 2019 Earth Day event discussed in the transcript?

The main theme is 'Global, Protect Our Species,' emphasizing the importance of protecting biodiversity, especially in Indonesia, which is one of the richest countries in terms of species diversity.

Why is the theme of protecting species particularly relevant to Indonesia?

Indonesia is home to a vast variety of species, including 12% of the world’s mammals, 16% of reptiles and amphibians, 17% of birds, 10% of flowering plants, and 25% of fish species, making the protection of its biodiversity crucial.

What percentage of the world’s species do humans represent, and how does this compare to other species?

Humans represent only 0.01% of the world’s species. In contrast, bacteria make up 13%, and plants account for 83% of all species on Earth.

What is the current rate of extinction compared to historical rates?

The current rate of extinction is thousands of times faster than in the past. Historically, extinction occurred at a rate of 1 to 5 species per year, but now the extinction rate is much higher.

How have human activities contributed to the loss of species on Earth?

Human activities, such as habitat destruction, exploitation, and climate change, have led to the loss of 83% of land mammals, 80% of marine mammals, 50% of plant species, and 15% of fish species.

What is the significance of butterflies in ecosystems, and why are they under threat in Indonesia?

Butterflies play a vital role as pollinators and indicators of environmental quality. In Indonesia, 25 species of butterflies are endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and the destruction of plants they depend on for reproduction.

Why are geckos particularly threatened in Indonesia, and what would be the ecological impact if they became extinct?

Geckos in Indonesia are threatened due to high demand for their export to China. These reptiles help control pests like cockroaches and small rodents, and their extinction could lead to an increase in these pests, disrupting local ecosystems.

What role do humans play in the environmental challenges mentioned in the script?

Humans have a dominant role in causing environmental harm. Despite representing only 0.01% of the Earth's species, human activities such as pollution, plastic use, and habitat destruction are contributing to rapid species extinction.

What has been the impact of plastic use on species, according to the transcript?

Plastic use, especially single-use plastic, has significantly harmed both terrestrial and marine species. It has led to the death of many species, especially in the oceans.

What is the overarching message of the Earth Day theme in this transcript?

The overarching message is that the Earth is a paradise where all species are meant to live together. Humans must take responsibility for their actions and work to protect the planet and its biodiversity to prevent further ecological collapse.