Video Animasi – Kanker Payudara [sub Indonesia]

Summary

This video explains the staging of breast cancer, outlining the four primary stages from stage zero (non-invasive) to stage four (metastatic). It covers key factors such as tumor size, lymph node involvement, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the breast. Each stage, including subcategories in stages 2 and 3, is described in detail, highlighting differences like tumor size and spread to surrounding tissues or organs. The video provides a clear breakdown of the cancer’s progression, helping viewers understand the severity and potential treatment implications at each stage.

Takeaways

• 😀 Stage 0 breast cancer is non-invasive and confined to the milk ducts or lobules with no evidence of spreading to surrounding tissue.
• 😀 Stage 1 is an early stage of invasive breast cancer, where the tumor is no larger than 2 cm, and there is no spread beyond the breast.
• 😀 Stage 2 is divided into two subcategories: Stage 2A (tumor ≤ 2 cm with lymph node spread) and Stage 2B (tumor between 2 and 5 cm with or without lymph node spread).
• 😀 Stage 3 is considered locally advanced cancer and has three subcategories: Stage 3A (tumor ≤ 5 cm with clumping lymph nodes), Stage 3B (tumor of any size with spread to skin or chest wall), and Stage 3C (tumor of any size with spread to lymph nodes above or below the clavicle, chest wall, or skin).
• 😀 Stage 4 breast cancer is metastatic, meaning it has spread to distant organs or parts of the body.
• 😀 The size of the tumor is a key factor in determining the stage of breast cancer.
• 😀 Lymph node involvement is crucial for determining the stage and extent of cancer spread.
• 😀 Stage 3B involves tumors of any size that have spread to the skin of the breast or chest wall, potentially causing lumps or swelling.
• 😀 The spread of cancer to lymph nodes near the breastbone or above the clavicle is a hallmark of Stage 3C.
• 😀 The cancer staging system helps doctors assess the severity of the disease and guide treatment decisions.
• 😀 The stage of cancer is essential for understanding prognosis and determining the appropriate course of action for treatment.

Q & A

What does the staging of breast cancer refer to?

The staging of breast cancer refers to the extent of the disease, including factors such as tumor size, lymph node involvement, whether the cancer is invasive or non-invasive, and whether it has spread to areas beyond the breast.

What is the difference between stage 0 and stage 1 breast cancer?

Stage 0 is non-invasive, meaning the cancer cells have not spread into neighboring breast tissue, while stage 1 is an early stage of invasive breast cancer, where the tumor is no larger than 2 centimeters in diameter and has not spread beyond the breast.

How is stage 2 of breast cancer categorized?

Stage 2 is divided into two subcategories: Stage 2a, where the tumor is either up to 2 centimeters with lymph node involvement or between 2 and 5 centimeters without lymph node spread; and Stage 2b, where the tumor is between 2 and 5 centimeters with lymph node involvement or larger than 5 centimeters without lymph node involvement.

What distinguishes stage 3 breast cancer from earlier stages?

Stage 3 is considered a locally advanced cancer and is divided into three subcategories: 3a, where the tumor is up to 5 centimeters and has spread to underarm lymph nodes forming clumps; 3b, where the tumor has spread into the skin of the breast or chest wall; and 3c, where the tumor has spread to lymph nodes above or below the clavicle and other areas like the chest wall or breast skin.

What is the difference between stage 3a and stage 3b breast cancer?

In stage 3a, the tumor is up to 5 centimeters and may have spread to underarm lymph nodes forming clumps. In stage 3b, the tumor can be any size and has spread into the skin of the breast or chest wall, or may include lumps or swelling in the breast skin.

What is stage 4 breast cancer and how is it different from the earlier stages?

Stage 4 is considered distant metastatic cancer, meaning the cancer has spread to other organs or parts of the body. This is more advanced than the earlier stages, which are primarily localized to the breast and nearby lymph nodes.

Can the size of the tumor alone determine the stage of breast cancer?

No, tumor size is just one factor in determining the stage. Lymph node involvement and whether the cancer has spread to other areas of the body are also critical in staging breast cancer.

What happens in stage 2b breast cancer?

In stage 2b, the tumor is between 2 and 5 centimeters in diameter and has spread to underarm lymph nodes, or the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters but has not spread to underarm lymph nodes.

What is the significance of lymph node involvement in staging breast cancer?

Lymph node involvement is crucial in determining the stage of breast cancer because it indicates whether the cancer has started to spread beyond the breast, which can affect treatment options and prognosis.

What makes stage 3c breast cancer particularly advanced?

Stage 3c is considered particularly advanced because the tumor can be any size but has spread to lymph nodes above or below the clavicle, the chest wall, and/or the skin of the breast, indicating significant local spread and involvement of multiple areas.