Tes Potensi vs Tes Prestasi

Summary

This script discusses the differences between achievement and aptitude tests. Achievement tests measure specific knowledge, while aptitude tests assess an individual's potential or innate abilities. The script explains that human attributes are cognitive and non-cognitive, with cognitive attributes further divided into potential and achievement. Potential is linked to intelligence, either general or specific, while achievement is categorized into skills and knowledge. The script also touches on the theoretical basis of these tests, the types of material covered, the stability of results, the focus of measurement, the aspect of time, and the fairness of the tests.

Takeaways

• 📚 Performance tests measure how well students have learned or what they are expected to know.
• 🎓 Aptitude tests measure what an individual can do with what they know.
• 🧠 Aptitude or talent refers to an individual's innate capacity to learn quickly compared to others.
• 🌐 Human attributes consist of cognitive and non-cognitive aspects, with cognitive attributes including both aptitude and performance.
• 🔍 Aptitude can be divided into general and specific, with general aptitude leaning towards intelligence and specific aptitude towards academic or vocational skills.
• 📊 The theory behind performance tests is crystallized intelligence (C.C.), while the theory behind aptitude tests is fluid intelligence (C.F.).
• 📚 Content in performance tests is systematic, such as curriculum or syllabus, whereas aptitude tests often cover random or relatively new material.
• 🎨 An example of an aptitude test is one that measures visual-spatial talent, where participants don't need specific training.
• 📉 Results of performance tests are relatively unstable due to factors like memory, while aptitude test results are more stable as they relate to genetic and environmental interactions.
• 📈 The focus of performance tests ranges from memorization to evaluation, while aptitude tests focus more on higher-order thinking skills like analysis, synthesis, and creation.
• ⏳ Performance tests measure past abilities, such as through final exams, whereas aptitude tests emphasize future potential or prediction of success with new material or tasks.
• 🏫 In Indonesia, performance tests are considered less fair due to disparities in school quality, while aptitude tests are seen as more fair as they are not related to what has been learned or trained.

Q & A

What is the difference between performance tests and potential tests?

Performance tests measure how well a student has learned or what they are expected to know, focusing on specific information. Potential tests measure what a person can do with what they know, including their abilities and talents.

What is meant by 'potential' in the context of testing?

'Potential' refers to an individual's innate capacity to learn quickly compared to others, which is often inherent from birth and can result in better outcomes.

How are human attributes divided according to the script?

Human attributes are divided into cognitive and non-cognitive. Cognitive attributes include potential and performance, while non-cognitive attributes are not explicitly detailed in the script.

What are the two main types of potential mentioned in the script?

The two main types of potential are general potential, which is more oriented towards intelligence, and specific potential, which is more oriented towards academic or vocational skills.

How is potential categorized in terms of location according to the script?

Potential in terms of location is categorized into five types: verbal, numerical, mechanical, spatial, and visual.

What is the basis of performance tests according to the script?

The basis of performance tests is crystallized intelligence (C), which is related to the ability that results from an individual's experiences, both formal and informal.

What is the basis of potential tests according to the script?

The basis of potential tests is fluid intelligence (F), which is the ability to solve problems effectively and accurately without the involvement of experience.

How is the content of performance tests described in the script?

The content of performance tests is systematic, such as curriculum or syllabus, and all test takers are aware of the material being tested.

What type of content is typically tested in potential tests according to the script?

The content tested in potential tests is usually random or variable and relatively new, not requiring special training to overcome.

How is the stability of results from performance tests described in the script?

The results of performance tests are relatively unstable because they can be influenced by memory, unless reinforced with learning.

What is the focus of measurement in performance tests according to the script?

The focus of measurement in performance tests ranges from memorization to evaluation, covering all levels of cognitive ability from basic to advanced.

What is the emphasis of potential tests in terms of time according to the script?

Potential tests emphasize the future or prediction, such as whether an individual will be ready or able to be trained with new material and succeed in a specific job.

Why is the fairness of performance tests questioned in the script?

The fairness of performance tests is questioned because there is still a gap between the quality of schools; those with better facilities tend to produce higher-performing students.

How is the fairness of potential tests viewed in the script?

Potential tests are viewed as relatively fair because they are not associated with what has been learned or trained, and their superiority is more related to individual experiences.

What preparations are needed for participants in performance tests according to the script?

Participants need to prepare themselves by studying all the taught material for performance tests.

What preparations are suggested for potential tests in the script?

For potential tests, participants do not need to prepare very seriously; they mainly need to recognize the types of questions that will be tested, eat nutritiously, sleep enough, pray, and not worry, being confident in their abilities.