English Traditions of Government (US History EOC Review - USHC 1.2
Summary
TLDRThis educational video explores the English traditions of government, starting with the Royal Wedding and touching on Prince Harry's readiness to settle down. It delves into the historical context of limited government, exemplified by the Magna Carta and its influence on taxation by consent. The video also covers the Glorious Revolution, the English Bill of Rights, and the Declaration of Rights, highlighting their roles in shaping constitutional government. It discusses the philosophies of John Locke, including natural rights, religious toleration, and the consent of the governed, which laid the groundwork for American political traditions.
Takeaways
- 👑 The British monarchy has a limited role in governance due to historical precedents of abuse of power by monarchs.
- 🎥 The Royal Wedding and birth of royal children are significant cultural events but have little impact on governance.
- 🤴 Prince Harry's desire to settle down reflects a personal life that is separate from his limited public duties.
- 📜 Constitutional government, whether written or traditional, is about limiting government power, as seen in the British system.
- 🏰 The Magna Carta of 1215 established the tradition of limited government and individual rights, particularly in taxation by consent.
- 🛡 The concept of rule of law was solidified with the Magna Carta, ensuring government operates under law, not personal whims.
- 🏛 Parliament was established to check the monarch's power, particularly through control over taxation.
- ⚔ The English Civil War and the execution of King Charles I in 1649 rejected the divine right of kings and emphasized parliamentary authority.
- 🏺 The Glorious Revolution of 1688 further cemented the idea that a monarch must cooperate with Parliament or face consequences.
- 📜 The English Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Rights established parliamentary supremacy and protected individual liberties, influencing the U.S. Bill of Rights.
- 🌳 John Locke's philosophy on natural rights and the purpose of government to protect these rights greatly influenced English and later American political thought.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is the English traditions of government, specifically focusing on the historical development of constitutional and limited government in England.
Why is USHC 1.2 divided into two parts in the video?
-USHC 1.2 is divided into two parts because it covers a large amount of content, necessitating a breakdown to make the material more digestible.
What is the significance of the Royal Wedding mentioned in the script?
-The Royal Wedding is mentioned to highlight the British monarchy's current role as a ceremonial institution with little governing power, contrasting with their historical significance.
What does the script imply about Prince Harry's public image?
-The script suggests that Prince Harry is often in the tabloids and is looking to settle down, indicating a desire to move beyond his 'playboy' image.
What is the Magna Carta and why is it important?
-The Magna Carta is a charter of rights signed in 1215 that established the tradition of limited government and individual rights, particularly in the area of taxation by consent.
How did the Magna Carta influence the formation of Parliament?
-The Magna Carta influenced the formation of Parliament by instituting a system where the monarch's power was checked through a representative body, specifically in matters of taxation.
What is the significance of the English Bill of Rights in 1689?
-The English Bill of Rights established parliamentary supremacy, limited the monarch's executive power, ensured free and frequent elections, and prohibited a Catholic monarch.
Who is John Locke and how did his ideas influence English political traditions?
-John Locke was a philosopher who advocated for natural rights and the protection of life, liberty, and property by government. His ideas influenced the development of constitutional and representative government traditions in England.
What does the script mean by 'salutary neglect'?
-Salutary neglect refers to the British policy of largely leaving the American colonies to govern themselves, allowing them to work out their own trade agreements and taxation structures with minimal interference.
How did the French and Indian War impact the relationship between the colonists and Britain?
-The French and Indian War led to increased British control over the colonies, which disrupted the policy of salutary neglect and eventually contributed to tensions that led to the American Revolution.
What is the role of the House of Burgesses mentioned in the script?
-The House of Burgesses was a colonial representative assembly in Virginia, responsible for deciding on matters of taxation and governance within the colony.
Outlines
👑 Introduction to English Traditions of Government
The script begins with a discussion on the English traditions of government, specifically focusing on the constitutional monarchy and its limitations. It references the Royal Wedding and the British royal family, highlighting their limited role in governance. The Magna Carta is introduced as a historical document that established the tradition of limited government and individual rights, particularly in the area of taxation by consent. The script also touches on the importance of the rule of law and the establishment of Parliament as a representative body to check the monarch's power.
🏛️ The Rejection of Absolute Monarchy
This section delves into the English monarchs' attempts to impose absolute rule and the subsequent rejection of the divine right of kings by the English people. It discusses the English Civil War, the execution of King Charles I, and the Glorious Revolution of 1688, which led to the establishment of parliamentary supremacy. The English Bill of Rights is highlighted as a significant document that limited the monarch's executive power, ensured free and frequent elections, and established taxation by consent. The influence of philosopher John Locke and his ideas on natural rights and the purpose of government are also mentioned.
🌐 The Influence of English Political Traditions on Colonists
The final paragraph explores how English political traditions, particularly those of constitutional and representative government, influenced the American colonies. It mentions the role of colonial assemblies in deciding on taxation and other matters, reflecting the idea of self-governance. The concept of 'salutary neglect' is introduced, describing how the colonies were largely left to govern themselves. The paragraph concludes by setting the stage for the next segment, which will discuss the conflict between the colonists and the British, likely referring to the events leading up to the American Revolution.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Constitutional Government
💡Magna Carta
💡Parliament
💡Divine Right of Kings
💡Glorious Revolution
💡English Bill of Rights
💡Salutary Neglect
💡John Locke
💡Natural Rights
💡Town Meetings
💡House of Burgesses
Highlights
Introduction to USHC 1.2 on English traditions of government
Division of USHC 1.2 into two parts due to its size
Discussion of the Royal Wedding and the British monarchy
Mention of Prince Harry's readiness to settle down
Explanation of the limited role of the British monarchy
Historical context of constitutional government in England
Importance of the Magna Carta in establishing limited government
The concept of taxation by consent and its origin in the Magna Carta
The establishment of Parliament as a check on the Monarch's power
The death of Queen Elizabeth and the rise of the Stewarts
Rejection of the divine right of kings by the English
Execution of King Charles I and its impact on future monarchs
The Glorious Revolution of 1688 and its significance
The English Bill of Rights and its limitations on the monarchy
The influence of John Locke's philosophy on English political traditions
The concept of natural rights and the purpose of government
The idea of the consent of the governed and the right of revolution
The role of colonial representative assemblies in self-governance
The concept of salutary neglect and its effect on colonial governance
Anticipation of the next segment on the conflict between the colonists and the British
Transcripts
[Music]
hey there students welcome to another
round of intensive review we are going
to go into ushc 1.2 which is addressing
English traditions of government first
of all now this is going to be divided
into two parts because 1.2 is really big
so we're going to do one part and then
we're going to do another part so just
hold on and we'll uh we'll have two
parts so here we go so ushc 1.2 as you
can tell it's pretty big and we're going
to deal with the first part dealing with
English traditions of government in this
segment now first of all I want to look
at the Royal Wedding here now of course
there's been another baby the other baby
Charlotte was it okay so charlot and
George George and Charlotte however you
want to want to do that but anyway how
many of y'all watch The Royal Wedding
all right you should be raising hands in
the online audience as well okay some of
y'all you're all familiar with the royal
wedding right okay we're a wedding we're
wedding and now they've got two kids I
mean just like wow all right now what
about this
guy all right now we all we all know
this guy we all know who Harry Prince
Harry we all know Prince Harry and we
all know Prince Harry because he is
present on tabloids now I saw an
interview that he did he was actually
saying that he's about ready to settle
down he's just got to find the right
woman all right and it looks like looks
like Haley's very hopeful about that all
right so we just very eagerly nodding
her head but he says you know just I'm
tired of being the taid guy that's not
really kind of what I want to do I want
somebody to travel around with settle
down with have kids think he just turned
30 or something like that but the thing
is we see that the British Royals really
have very little to do like you when you
think about a king or a queen or
something like that you don't really
think of this it's it's just really one
of those things that why don't they do
do anything why don't they govern well
there's a reason for that because other
monarchs in British history have had a
chance and they screwed it up pretty bad
all right so let's keep in mind first of
all that constitutional government is
limited government all right so we say a
constitution that we have one we mean
that we have a document that outlines a
plan for government and limits the
government now it doesn't have to be
written the British don't have a written
Constitution but at the same time they
do have a tradition of limited
government and Thomas Jefferson in
talking about the Constitution when he
was writing his Kentucky Resolution he
said in questions of power then let no
more be heard of confidence in man but
bind him down with the chains of the
Constitution bind him down with the
chains of the Constitution and this is
how Jefferson saw Constitution that we
are binding the government and this is a
tradition that comes from England now
when you look at Robin Hood okay now
we've all heard the Robin Hood story
we've either seen the Russell Crow
version or else maybe we've seen the
cartoon version any of you watch the
cartoon with the fox and all that kind
of stuff oh it was so fun I used to
watch that all the time when I was
little now roben hood is set during the
reign of King John who was a notoriously
bad king and the king who signed the
Magna Carta in 1215 now the Magna Carta
is Latin for great Charter and what this
did is it put forward this tradition of
limited government and expressed
individual rights now specifically in
the area of taxation by consent which
meant that the king couldn't just say
that okay I'm going to tax you that he
had to get permission from the Nobles
and the church
and this kind of sets forth the rule of
law bless you that we have a government
of law not a government by a king who
does whatever he wants and also
guaranteed jury trials so there are a
lot of things that we have in the United
States today that have their Source in
the Magna Carta 800 years ago at the
time of this recording and then the
Magna Carta is eventually
institutionalized in the form of
Parliament and the Parliament is a
representative body and checking the
Monarch's power really with the power of
the purse that anytime the Monarch wants
to tax he would have to get the
permission of
parliament yeah a little bad clip art
animation there don't do that but this
one this one's a few years old now Queen
Elizabeth the died in 16003 she died
without an air and the stewards came in
all right the stewards came in James
first Charles first Charles second James
second unlikely to appear by name on the
EOC but you want to keep in mind that
this was a period where the English
monarchs tried to impose absolute
government on them and they didn't have
traditions of absolute government they
had traditions of constitutional
government and the stewards advocated
the divine right of kings this kind of
top down idea that God
puts Kings over people and your job is
to listen to your divinely appointed
King who God Meant To Rule and the
English eventually reject this and they
cut off the head of their King Charles I
in 1649 this sets a pretty strong
message all right sends a strong message
to Future monarchs that if you don't
cooperate with Parliament and you try to
rule without Parliament we'll cut your
head off serious seriously true
story and so the divine right of kings
this is something that is going to be
thoroughly rejected by the English and
the Glorious Revolution happens in 1688
now this one within about 30 to 40 years
James II who was Charles the first son
he is run off by Parliament now he was
an unpopular papist as they said the
English had a tradition of anti-catholic
bigotry which of course we see in the
United States as we go through this
review we'll see in the form of the Klux
clan in the 1920s and a lot of nativist
sentiment anti-irish sentiment in the
annabellum period but he's run off by
Parliament and he leaves with minimal
Bloodshed this says no Bloodshed but
it's kind of comparatively little they
call it the Glorious and bloodless
Revolution not quite bloodless but at
least in England it was bloodless all
right so keep that in mind the Glorious
Revolution happened and the English want
a monarch who will sit down down shut up
let Parliament take care of the
governing all right go get married go
have babies one after another go be in a
tabloid or something like that go to
Vegas and then go be a military hero or
something like that we don't care what
you do just don't govern all right leave
that to Parliament and the English Bill
of Rights is signed by William and Mary
it's very easy to remember because
you've got a college in Virginia named
for William and Mary William of Orange
and Mary Stewart who was James II's
daughter and the English Bill of Rights
sets the precedent of parliamentary
Supremacy where the king's executive
power was limited that there would be
free and frequent elections keep in mind
before the English Bill of Rights the
Monarch decided when there would be
elections to Parliament when Parliament
would convene but this said that there
will be frequent and regular elections
and they will be free election S without
the meddling of the Monarch taxation by
consent now it also said that there will
never be a Catholic Monarch in
England and then you proceed to the
Declaration of Rights where we see a lot
of things appear here that also appear
in our Bill of Rights such as the
guarantee of freedom of speech and the
right to petition your basic First
Amendment rights arms for your defense
kind of like our Second Amendment except
theirs has a lot of qualifications for
Protestants suitable to their conditions
as Allowed by law whereas the second
amendment in the United States is a bit
more absolute protections against cruel
and unusual punishment which we find in
the eth amendment and then the Third
Amendment which says that quartering
soldiers during peace time is a no no
this is another thing in the English
Bill of Rights that there is a
Prohibition of standing armies in peace
time and the English Bill of Rights the
ideas are inspired by John Lock who was
a philosopher who put forward the idea
of natural rights and the point of
government is to protect our natural
rights of life liberty and property
because these rights are given to every
human being by God and no government can
take those away so the point of
government to John Lock is to protect
these basic rights and that is another
thing that we have imported from the
English
and keep in mind there this idea of the
creation of Adam that these rights are
given to Adam and through Adam these
rights are bestowed upon every human
being and lo had other values as well
the value of religious toleration which
we will see enshrined in American
culture in the wake of the American
Revolution also the idea of the consent
of the Govern that government is only
legitimate if it has the consent of the
people and then that implies the right
of Revolution that if a government
ceases to have the consent of the people
then the people have a right to as
Jefferson will say alter or abolish that
government and keep in mind these
English political traditions of
constitutional government and
representative government that a
government should be first of all
limited and also representative of the
people that decisions should be made by
elected
representatives and of course as we said
earlier this takes the form of town
meetings in New England and also the
House of Burgesses in Virginia that
every colony is going to have its own
Colonial representative
assembly and it was the role of these
assemblies to decide on matters of
Taxation and especially if the taxes are
going to be internal
and keep in mind this idea of salutary
neglect that the colonies are being left
to themselves largely to govern
themselves largely to work out their own
trade agreements largely to work out
their own taxation structures and to be
self-supporting for the most part of
course the French and Indian war is
going to change that and that is going
to lead us to our next segment on the
conflict between the colonist and the
British see you in a bit
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
n
Ver Más Videos Relacionados
Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness | US History | Khan Academy
Hak dan Kewajiban Warga Negara [3]
What is the English Bill of Rights?
Plot Summary Of Second Treatise Of Government By John Locke. -
Magna Carta and the Constitution – History
PHILOSOPHICAL Foundations of the American Revolution [APUSH Review Unit 3 Topic 4 (3.4)] Period 3
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)