OXIDOS BÁSICOS Y ÁCIDOS | Acido facil

Acido Facil

25 May 202014:46

Summary

TLDRThis educational video explains the formation and naming of binary chemical compounds, focusing on basic oxides or metallic oxides. It demonstrates how to form and name these oxides using sodium and oxygen as an example. The video also covers three nomenclature systems: traditional, Stock, and systematic. It guides viewers through exercises to write formulas for various compounds like copper oxide, calcium monoxide, nickel oxide, and aluminum oxide. Additionally, it differentiates between basic and acidic oxides using examples like chlorine and bromine oxides. The video concludes with a call to action for viewers to engage with the content.

Takeaways

🔬 Chemical compounds formed by two elements are called binary compounds.
🧪 Basic oxides or metallic oxides are formed by a metal with a positive charge and oxygen with a negative charge.
📚 The exchange of valencies between metal and oxygen in compounds results in basic oxides.
📝 Naming binary compounds involves three nomenclatures: traditional, Stock, and systematic.
📖 In traditional nomenclature, the word 'oxide' is followed by the name of the metal.
🔢 Stock nomenclature uses Roman numerals to represent the valency of the metal in the compound.
🔡 Systematic nomenclature uses prefixes like 'mono', 'di', 'tetra', 'penta' based on the number of atoms in the compound.
🌐 Examples of basic oxides include sodium oxide (Na2O), copper(I) oxide (Cu2O), and calcium oxide (CaO).
⚗️ Acidic oxides are formed by a non-metal with a positive charge and oxygen with a negative charge.
🌿 Examples of acidic oxides include carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and chlorine pentoxide (Cl2O5).
📋 The video provides exercises for writing formulas and naming compounds using the three nomenclatures.

Q & A

What are binary compounds?
-Binary compounds are chemical compounds formed from two different elements.
Why are basic oxides also called metallic oxides?
-Basic oxides are called metallic oxides because they are formed by a metal with a positive charge and oxygen with a negative charge of 2.
How do you form a basic oxide from sodium and oxygen?
-A basic oxide is formed by exchanging the valencies of sodium (+1) and oxygen (-2), resulting in the compound Na2O.
What are the three nomenclatures used to name binary compounds in the video?
-The three nomenclatures used are traditional, Stock, and systematic.
How is the traditional nomenclature applied to name a binary compound?
-In the traditional nomenclature, the word 'oxide' is followed by the name of the metal, such as 'oxide of sodium' or 'sodic oxide'.
What does the Stock nomenclature involve?
-The Stock nomenclature involves writing the word 'oxide' followed by the name of the metal and representing the valency with Roman numerals.
How do you name a compound using systematic nomenclature?
-In systematic nomenclature, the compound is named with the word 'oxide' followed by the name of the metal and prefixes like 'mono', 'di', 'tetra', 'penta', etc., depending on the number of atoms of the elements.
What is the difference between basic oxides and acidic oxides?
-Basic oxides are formed with metals, while acidic oxides are formed with non-metals, resulting in compounds with different properties.
How is the valency of elements determined when forming an acidic oxide?
-The valency of elements in acidic oxides is determined by the exchange of valencies where the non-metal has a positive charge and oxygen has a charge of -2.
Can you give an example of how to name an acidic oxide using the traditional nomenclature?
-An example of naming an acidic oxide traditionally would be 'chloric acid' or 'perchloric oxide', where 'chloric' is derived from chlorine and 'per' indicates the highest valency.
What is the significance of Roman numerals in the Stock nomenclature?
-Roman numerals in the Stock nomenclature represent the valency of the metal in the compound.

Outlines

00:00

🔬 Formation and Naming of Binary Chemical Compounds

This paragraph explains the formation of binary chemical compounds, specifically basic oxides or metallic oxides. These compounds are formed by the combination of a metal with oxygen, where the metal has a positive charge and oxygen has a negative charge of 2. An example is given with sodium and oxygen, resulting in the compound Na2O. The paragraph then discusses three methods of naming these compounds: traditional, Stock, and systematic nomenclature. Traditional nomenclature involves writing 'oxide' followed by the metal name, Stock nomenclature uses Roman numerals to represent the metal's valency, and systematic nomenclature adds prefixes like 'mono-', 'di-', 'tri-', etc., based on the number of atoms of each element in the compound.

05:01

🧪 Naming Oxides and Acidic Oxides

The second paragraph delves into the naming conventions for oxides, specifically focusing on acidic oxides which are formed by non-metals. The example of chlorine and oxygen is used to illustrate the formation of an acidic oxide, resulting in the compound Cl2O5. The paragraph outlines the traditional, Stock, and systematic nomenclature for naming these compounds. Traditional nomenclature places the word 'acid' before the non-metal name, Stock nomenclature uses Roman numerals to denote valency, and systematic nomenclature depends on the number of atoms present, using prefixes like 'penta-' for five atoms of oxygen. The paragraph also includes an exercise to write formulas for various compounds, such as copper oxide, calcium monoxide, nickel oxide, and aluminum oxide, applying the learned naming conventions.

10:01

📚 Exercise on Naming Chemical Compounds

The final paragraph presents an exercise to name various chemical compounds, distinguishing between acidic and basic oxides. It covers the naming of chromium oxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, and cesium oxide. The paragraph explains how to identify the type of compound and apply the appropriate nomenclature. For chromium oxide, it is identified as a basic oxide and named using systematic, traditional, and Stock nomenclature. Nitrogen oxide is recognized as an acidic oxide, and its name is derived using similar methods. Sulfur oxide is also acidic, and the paragraph explains the process of determining the valency of sulfur to name it correctly. Lastly, cesium oxide is identified as a basic oxide, and its names are given according to the different nomenclature systems. The paragraph concludes with a call to action for viewers to like, follow, subscribe, and share the video for more educational content.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Binary Compounds

Binary compounds are chemical compounds composed of two different elements. In the context of the video, these compounds are central to the discussion as they form the basis for explaining chemical bonding and nomenclature. The video uses binary compounds to introduce the concept of how different elements combine to form new substances, such as oxides.

💡Oxides

Oxides are a type of chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element. The video focuses on oxides, particularly basic oxides or metallic oxides, to demonstrate how metals combine with oxygen to form these compounds. An example given is sodium oxide, formed by the reaction of sodium (a metal) with oxygen.

💡Valency

Valency, also known as valence, is the measure of the combining power of an element, particularly how many atoms of oxygen an element can combine with. In the video, valency is crucial for understanding how elements form compounds, such as how sodium (valency +1) combines with oxygen (valency -2) to form sodium oxide.

💡Nomenclature

Nomenclature refers to the set of rules used to name chemical compounds. The video discusses three types of nomenclature: traditional, stock, and systematic. Each method is used to name oxides, and the video provides examples to illustrate how each system works.

💡Metallic Oxides

Metallic oxides are oxides that contain metal elements. The video explains how these oxides are formed by the combination of a metal with oxygen and how they are named according to the different nomenclature systems. Metallic oxides are characterized by the metal's positive charge and oxygen's negative charge.

💡Non-metallic Oxides

Non-metallic oxides are oxides that contain non-metal elements. The video contrasts these with metallic oxides by explaining how non-metals combine with oxygen to form compounds like carbon dioxide. These oxides are typically acidic in nature.

💡Chemical Formulas

Chemical formulas represent the composition of a chemical compound, using element symbols and subscript numbers to indicate the number of atoms of each element present. The video provides examples of how to write chemical formulas for various oxides, such as copper(II) oxide and calcium monoxide.

💡Charge

Charge in chemistry refers to the electrical property of an atom or particle. The video discusses how elements like metals and non-metals have different charges that influence how they bond with oxygen to form oxides. For example, oxygen typically has a charge of -2, while metals have a positive charge.

💡Interchange of Valency

Interchange of valency is a concept used in the video to explain how elements exchange their valency numbers when forming compounds. This process results in the formation of compounds with neutral overall charges, such as when sodium (valency +1) and oxygen (valency -2) interchange to form sodium oxide (Na2O).

💡Acids and Bases

Acids and bases are two classes of chemical compounds with distinct properties. The video touches on these concepts when discussing the difference between acidic oxides (formed with non-metals) and basic oxides (formed with metals). It explains the formation of oxides and their acidic or basic nature based on the elements involved.

💡Pentoxide

Pentoxide refers to an oxide that contains five oxygen atoms per molecule. The video uses the term in the context of naming non-metallic oxides, such as nitrogen pentoxide, to illustrate the systematic nomenclature where the number of oxygen atoms is indicated by a prefix.

Highlights

Introduction to the formation of binary chemical compounds.

Explanation of why they are called binary compounds.

Definition and formation of basic oxides or metallic oxides.

Example of forming a basic oxide with sodium and oxygen.

Explanation of how to name compounds in three nomenclatures.

Traditional nomenclature: writing 'oxide' followed by the metal name.

Stock nomenclature: using Roman numerals to represent the valency of the metal.

Systematic nomenclature: naming with prefixes like 'mono', 'di', 'tetra', 'penta'.

Exercise on writing formulas for chemical compounds.

Explanation of how to form and name copper oxide using Stock nomenclature.

Formation and naming of calcium monoxide using systematic nomenclature.

Naming nickel oxide using traditional nomenclature.

Explanation of how to form and name aluminum oxide with a fixed valency of aluminum.

Introduction to acidic oxides and their difference from basic oxides.

Example of forming and naming chlorine pentoxide.

Naming the compound with chlorine using traditional, Stock, and systematic nomenclature.

Exercise on naming chemical compounds like phosphorus trioxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and perbromic acid.

Explanation of how to identify and name chromium oxide as a basic oxide.

Naming nitrogen oxide using systematic, traditional, and Stock nomenclature.

Explanation of how to name sulfur trioxide using different nomenclatures.

Naming cesium oxide as a basic oxide with systematic, traditional, and Stock nomenclature.

Encouragement to like, share, subscribe, and comment for more educational content.