How to Write the Literature Review in 5 Steps (PPT)
Summary
TLDRDr. Edward Padama guides researchers through the literature review process in five steps, emphasizing its importance in justifying research needs. He advises starting with keyword and synonym identification, using scholarly databases like Google Scholar, and applying boolean operators for precise searches. The video outlines strategies for evaluating and selecting sources, identifying themes and gaps, organizing the review, and writing the literature review, including introduction, main body, and conclusion. Dr. Padama encourages viewers to engage with the channel for further research writing assistance.
Takeaways
- 🔍 Literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research relevant to your study, establishing a theoretical basis and justifying the need for your research.
- 🔑 The literature review is crucial in research as it identifies gaps and problems that your study aims to address, thus proving its necessity.
- 🔍 Step one in writing a literature review is to search for relevant literature using keywords, synonyms, and boolean operators to refine your search in scholarly databases.
- 🔑 Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) are essential for combining or excluding keywords in searches to yield more focused results.
- 📚 Step two involves evaluating and selecting sources by reading abstracts, checking citation counts, and identifying the most important publications from your search results.
- 🔍 Step three is about identifying themes, debates, and gaps in the literature, which helps in organizing your review by noting recurring trends and contradictions.
- 📝 Step four suggests organizing your literature review by outlining it chronologically, thematically, or by research methods and theories.
- ✍️ Step five is writing the literature review, which includes an introduction, main body summarizing sources, and a conclusion restating the main argument and its supporting evidence.
- 📈 Citation counts are a good indicator of the reliability of a study or literature, with higher counts suggesting more credibility.
- 📖 Scholarly databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect are key resources for finding relevant literature for your review.
Q & A
What is the significance of a literature review in research?
-A literature review is significant in research as it establishes and justifies the need to conduct the research. It surveys scholarly articles, books, journals, and studies relevant to the research, providing a theoretical basis and highlighting existing problems or gaps that the research aims to address.
Why is the literature review not considered an easy part of research?
-The literature review is not considered easy because it plays a crucial role in the research process. It is essential for establishing a theoretical foundation and identifying gaps in existing knowledge, which justifies the need for the research.
What are the five steps involved in writing a literature review as discussed in the script?
-The five steps involved in writing a literature review are: 1) Search for literature relevant to the study, 2) Evaluate and select sources, 3) Identify themes, debates, and gaps, 4) Organize by outlining, and 5) Start writing the literature review.
How does one develop a list of keywords for literature review search?
-To develop a list of keywords for literature review search, one should identify variables from the research title, which are usually the research problem or a strategy to be tested.
What is the role of synonyms in literature review search?
-Synonyms play a role in providing alternative search parameters when used with boolean operators. This helps in obtaining more specific and richer search results.
What are some scholarly databases recommended for literature review search?
-Some scholarly databases recommended for literature review search include Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct.
What are boolean operators and how are they used in literature review search?
-Boolean operators are words like 'AND', 'OR', and 'NOT' used to combine or exclude keywords in a search. They help in producing more focused and productive search results by eliminating inappropriate hits.
Why is it important to evaluate the citation count of a study during literature review?
-Evaluating the citation count of a study is important because it indicates the number of times the study has been used in other research, suggesting its reliability and relevance.
What organizational strategies are suggested for literature review?
-Suggested organizational strategies for literature review include identifying themes, debates, and gaps, and organizing by outlining chronologically, thematically, or methodologically.
How should one start writing the literature review?
-One should start writing the literature review by utilizing three parts: an introduction that presents the study, a main body that summarizes and synthesizes the sources, and a conclusion that restates the main argument and reiterates the most important evidence.
What is the purpose of the conclusion in a literature review?
-The purpose of the conclusion in a literature review is to restate the main argument, remind the reader of the strengths of the argument, and reiterate the most important evidence supporting those arguments.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Literature Review
Dr. Edward Padama introduces the concept of literature review (also known as RRl or Review of Related Literature and Studies), emphasizing its importance in establishing the need for research. He explains that literature review involves a comprehensive summary of previous research and surveys scholarly articles, books, journals, and studies relevant to the research topic. The goal is to establish a theoretical basis for the research and justify its necessity. Dr. Padama encourages viewers to subscribe and use the notification bell, and invites questions in the comment section. He then proceeds to discuss the five steps of writing a literature review.
🔍 Conducting a Literature Search
The second paragraph delves into the first step of the literature review process: searching for relevant literature. Dr. Padama advises developing a list of keywords and synonyms from the research title to facilitate an organized search. He recommends using scholarly databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The use of Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) is highlighted to refine search results. The importance of identifying the most important publications from search results is discussed, with a focus on using citation counts as a measure of reliability.
📝 Steps for Evaluating, Organizing, and Writing the Literature Review
In the final paragraph, Dr. Padama outlines steps two through five for writing a literature review. Step two involves evaluating and selecting sources, with an emphasis on reading abstracts and considering citation counts. Steps three and four discuss organizational strategies, such as identifying themes, debates, gaps, and organizing the literature review chronologically or thematically. The final step is writing the literature review, which includes an introduction, main body summarizing sources, and a conclusion that restates the main argument and its supporting evidence. Dr. Padama concludes by thanking viewers for joining the discussion and encourages them to subscribe and ask questions for further guidance.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Literature Review
💡Research Outline
💡Keywords
💡Synonyms
💡Boolean Operators
💡Scholarly Databases
💡Abstract
💡Citation Count
💡Organizational Strategies
💡Writing the Literature Review
Highlights
Introduction to the importance of literature review in research
Literature review is crucial for establishing the need for research
Literature review surveys scholarly articles, books, journals, and studies
The purpose of literature review is to establish a theoretical basis for the research
Literature review justifies the existence of a research gap
Step one: Search for literature relevant to your study
Develop a list of keywords for an organized search process
Use synonyms with boolean operators for a more specific search
Utilize scholarly databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect
Boolean operators help to combine or exclude keywords for focused search results
Identify the most important publications from search results
Step two: Evaluate and select sources based on abstracts and citation counts
Observe high citation counts as an indicator of study reliability
Step three: Identify themes, debates, and gaps in the literature
Take note of connections between different sources for organization
Step four: Organize by outlining chronologically or thematically
Step five: Start writing the literature review with an introduction, main body, and conclusion
The conclusion restates the main argument and reiterates the evidence
Encouragement to subscribe and ask questions for further assistance
Transcripts
hello and welcome back
for another discussion on research
writing
this time we are going to discuss
literature review
in five steps literature review is also
known as rrl
or review of related literature and
studies
in your research outline if you observe
the word
easy was not used in five steps
because this part of your research is
crucial
in establishing and justifying that
there is a need to conduct the research
this discussion will hopefully help you
the research writers
in giving a clear direction on how to
proceed with your rrl
and inform you of the available database
or
online references especially
in the time of this covid19 pandemic
this is dr edward padama and before we
start please support the channel by
clicking the subscribe button
and the notification bell to alert you
when a new video
is uploaded if you have questions
regarding research writing place them
at the comment box of this video and i
will immediately get back to you
let's start
let's start by establishing the
definition of
literature review and its objective
so literature review is a comprehensive
summary of a previous research that has
been conducted
but this does not stop here the
literature review
surveys scholarly articles books
journals and studies relevant or related
to the research that you are
conducting selected literatures
should give and establish a basis
theoretical basis
for the research that is being conducted
this justifies the need
to conduct the research so in a nutshell
literature review is the selection
of studies articles journals
that have been published or defended or
proven
that will serve as a basis or foundation
of your research that justifies that
there is
a need to conduct your research
because according to these literatures
and studies
there is an existing need there is an
existing
problem and there is a gap
that needs to be filled up that's why
you need to go through with this
research now we move on to
our main discussion which is writing the
literature review in five steps
step one is search for a literature
review relevant to your study
and to do this you need to develop a
list of keywords
this is to facilitate a more organized
process of browsing
and searching you need to do this to
identify and isolate
keywords these keywords are the
variables from your research title
these are usually the research problem
or a strategy
to be tested the next one is to develop
a list of synonyms
from these keywords synonyms will
provide
alternative search parameters used
together with boolean operators
which we will discuss later this will
provide you
with a more specific and richer search
result next open a scholarly database
like google scholar pubmed and science
direct
these are search engines readily
available online
and are used specifically in searching
and browsing literatures journals
and studies so the screen that you will
see
when you open google scholar is on the
right side
you do this by typing the words google
scholar
in your google browser
next one is the boolean operators and
or and not
so the operators are used when you
enter your keywords
on the url in this case i use end
effects of covid19 and psychological
effects so boolean operators are simple
words
like and or not and not
use as conjunctions to combine or
exclude keywords
in a search resulting in a more focused
and productive result this should save
time and effort by eliminating
inappropriate hits
that must be scanned before discarding
and last is to identify the most
important publication from the hits that
you were able to get when you use
the boolean operators together with your
search
from the hits found by the google
scholar an
outline of the available studies will be
displayed at your screen
you can now easily distinguish and
identify the most important
and relevant literature
so we move on to step two evaluate and
select source
so number one do not read the full
research because an
abstract is readily available just click
and you will be able to access the
abstract
of the literature or study that you were
able to choose
and then look at the bibliography of the
publication for other relevant resources
these references are usually
active links meaning when you hover
your mouse over the
reference you will be able to access it
once you click
that particular link and then observe
the number of
high citation counts i'm going to show
you
on the next screen shown on the right
side
where you will be able to find the
citation count so every time
this reference was used in a research
the citation count goes up
meaning the higher the citation count
the more reliable
the study or the literature is
so this is an example of the outline
of a literature review wherein you can
already see on the left side of that
screen
abstract and then at the bottom you
will be able to readily access
references
this is from science direct
and then on the last part which is
observe the number of high citation
count
on this screen when you search for
effects of cov19 and psychological
effects
at the bottom of each hit you will see
cited by 313 or 313 so this was cited
to another research 313 times
and then you will also see the same
citation
hits on other references or literatures
okay the next steps three and four
are organizational strategies that you
can use in order to
easily locate and relate your
resources to your research
step 3 is to identify themes debates and
gaps
so take note of the connections of
different sources to easily organize
your literature review you observe the
following
trends and the patterns that are
repeatedly occurring in the references
that you encounter
including the theme debates and
contradictions
from one reference to another reference
influential studies gaps
step 4 organizing by outlining
so you do this chronologically from
older
to recent publication thematic
organized around several key themes
methodological compare the different
research methods
used across studies theoretical
used to discuss opposing theories or
models
and last but not least step five
start writing the literature review
utilizing these three parts
first is the introduction and you do
this by citing and presenting the study
the main body which summarizes and
synthesizes the sources to your study
conclusion the function of your paper's
conclusion is to restate
the main argument remind the reader
of the strengths of your main argument
or arguments and reiterate the most
important
evidence supporting those arguments
and these are the references that you
were able to find
using this process
hello again and thank you for
joining me in this discussion on writing
the literature review
in five steps i do hope that this
was able to help you in one way or
another
in guiding you on the different steps
and processes
of writing your literature review
please support the channel by clicking
the subscribe button and the
notification bell to alert you when a
new video
is uploaded and if you have any
questions regarding research writing
place them at the bottom of this video
at the comment box and i will
immediately get back to you
so again i would like to thank you stay
safe and god bless see you on the next
video
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