Inggris vs Belanda: Raksasa Penguasa Laut Yang Saling Bunuh

Summary

This video delves into the historical rivalry between the Netherlands and England, focusing on the Anglo-Dutch Wars and their impact on colonial competition. It explores the military and economic tensions, including the Battle of Texel during the third Anglo-Dutch War. The video also touches on the evolution of their relationship from adversaries to allies, highlighting significant events like the formation of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the English East India Company. It concludes with a reflection on the current state of Dutch and English global influence and invites viewers to consider how history might have unfolded differently.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script discusses the historical significance of the Dutch language among Dutch soldiers, particularly in the context of the Anglo-Dutch Wars.
• 🏰 The script mentions the Battle of Texel, a key naval battle between England and the Dutch Republic during the third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672.
• 🌍 It highlights the global competition between England and the Dutch Republic in the 17th century, particularly over trade and colonization, including in regions like Indonesia.
• ⚔️ The script touches on the religious and political conflicts of the 16th century, such as the 80 Years' War and the English Civil War, which influenced the dynamics between England and the Dutch Republic.
• 📜 The establishment of trading companies like the English East India Company and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) is discussed, emphasizing their role in shaping global trade and colonialism.
• 🌿 The VOC's control over key commodities like nutmeg and cloves, and their efforts to maintain a monopoly, is highlighted as a significant factor in the economic rivalry.
• 🔥 The script recounts violent incidents like the Ambon Massacre of 1623, illustrating the severity of the competition between the English and the Dutch.
• 🛳️ The Anglo-Dutch Wars, which occurred in four phases, are summarized, showing the progression of conflicts and their eventual resolution.
• 🤝 Post-war relations between England and the Dutch Republic are mentioned, including the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 and the ongoing cooperation between the two nations.
• 🏢 The script also points out the legacy of the English and Dutch rivalry in modern multinational corporations like Royal Dutch Shell and Unilever, which are products of mergers between companies from the two countries.
• 🌐 The video concludes with a reflection on the current and historical status of the Dutch Republic, inviting viewers to consider its potential for resurgence on the global stage.

Q & A

What does the term 'Admirall' refer to in the context of the video?

The term 'Admirall' in the context of the video refers to 'Admiral Michiel de Ruyter', a Dutch naval officer who is considered one of the greatest admirals in human history.

What is the significance of the Battle of Texel in the Anglo-Dutch Wars?

The Battle of Texel was a significant naval battle during the third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672, where the English and French fleets fought against the Dutch. It was an early representation of the colonial rivalry that continued into subsequent periods.

How did the Dutch East India Company (VOC) control the price of nutmeg and cloves?

The VOC controlled the price of nutmeg and cloves by enforcing a monopoly on these commodities. They mandated that these plants only grow in the Maluku Islands, particularly in the Banda Islands, and prohibited their cultivation elsewhere, even going so far as to uproot or destroy existing plantations.

What was the outcome of the execution known as the 'Amboyna Massacre' in 1623?

The 'Amboyna Massacre' was a significant event where the VOC executed 20 people, including 10 English employees, accused of espionage. This event heightened tensions and contributed to the series of Anglo-Dutch Wars.

How did the English Civil War impact the relationship between England and the Netherlands?

The English Civil War led by Oliver Cromwell, who sought to expand the English navy and challenge the Dutch, who were already a major power at sea, further strained the relationship between England and the Netherlands.

What was the Dutch East India Company's (VOC) strategy to maintain control over the spice trade?

The VOC's strategy was to enforce a monopoly on the spice trade by controlling the cultivation of spices, particularly nutmeg and cloves, to the Maluku Islands and selling them at significantly marked-up prices.

What was the result of the Anglo-Dutch Wars?

The Anglo-Dutch Wars resulted in a series of conflicts between England and the Netherlands over trade and colonial supremacy. The wars ultimately led to the Treaty of Westminster in 1674, which established a period of peace and cooperation between the two nations.

How did the relationship between England and the Netherlands evolve after the Anglo-Dutch Wars?

After the Anglo-Dutch Wars, England and the Netherlands entered a period of relative peace and cooperation, which was further solidified during World War II when the Dutch royal family sought refuge in England.

What is the significance of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814?

The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 was significant as it marked an agreement to return colonial territories to the Netherlands, with the exception of the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, and solidified a period of cooperation between the two nations.

How did the Dutch and English colonial rivalry impact the history of Indonesia?

The Dutch and English colonial rivalry led to significant changes in Indonesia's history, with both nations vying for control over the valuable spice trade. This competition resulted in the establishment of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the English East India Company, which had lasting effects on the region's economy and politics.

What is the current status of the relationship between the Netherlands and England in terms of global influence?

While the Netherlands and England may not be as dominant as they were historically, they still maintain significant global influence, particularly through multinational corporations such as Royal Dutch Shell and Unilever, which have origins in both countries.

Outlines

00:00

🏴‍☠️ Anglo-Dutch Naval Rivalry

The first paragraph discusses the historical context of the Anglo-Dutch Wars, focusing on the third phase in 1672 known as the Battle of Texel. It highlights the naval strength of both England and the Dutch Republic, with England having 92 ships and 30 fireships, while the Dutch had 75 ships and 30 fireships. Despite being outnumbered, the Dutch were more experienced and skilled. The paragraph also touches on the broader colonial competition between the two nations, including their respective East India Companies, the VOC and the English East India Company, and their impact on trade and colonization, particularly in Indonesia.

05:01

🌍 Dutch Trading Dominance and the Spice Monopoly

The second paragraph delves into the Dutch East India Company's (VOC) control over the spice trade, particularly in the Maluku Islands, where they enforced a monopoly on the cultivation of cloves and nutmeg. The VOC's tactics included restricting the growth of these spices to the Maluku Islands and destroying any unauthorized cultivation elsewhere, allowing them to sell the spices at 14 to 17 times the original price. The paragraph also discusses the impact of the English Civil War on naval power dynamics, the rise of Oliver Cromwell, and the subsequent Anglo-Dutch Wars that occurred in four phases, shaping the colonial landscape and the balance of power in Europe. It concludes with a mention of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 and the ongoing relationship between England and the Netherlands, including their joint monarchy and close naval ties.

10:02

🤝 Post-Colonial Relations and Modern-day Collaborations

The third paragraph discusses the evolution of relations between England and the Netherlands from colonial rivals to allies, particularly during World War II when the Dutch royal family sought refuge in England. It also highlights the enduring close ties between the two nations, their shared constitutional monarchies, and their naval alliances. The paragraph mentions the formation of multinational corporations like Royal Dutch Shell and Unilever, which are products of the historical and economic connections between the two countries. It invites viewers to consider the implications of past colonialism on modern Indonesia and to look forward to future discussions on the topic.

Keywords

💡Anglo-Dutch Wars

The Anglo-Dutch Wars were a series of three naval wars fought between the English and the Dutch in the 17th and 18th centuries. These conflicts were driven by trade rivalry and colonial competition. In the video, the script discusses the Battle of Texel, which was part of the third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672, illustrating the naval power struggle between England and the Dutch Republic.

💡VOC (Dutch East India Company)

The VOC, or Dutch East India Company, was a chartered company established in 1602 during the Dutch Golden Age. It became one of the world's first multinational corporations and the first company to issue stock. The VOC played a crucial role in colonial competition, as mentioned in the script, where it sought to monopolize trade in spices and other commodities, exemplified by its control over the production of nutmeg and cloves in the Maluku Islands.

💡Battle of Texel

The Battle of Texel was a naval battle that took place in 1673 during the third Anglo-Dutch War. It was a significant engagement that showcased the naval strength of both England and the Dutch Republic. The script describes the battle as a demonstration of Dutch naval prowess despite being outnumbered by the English fleet.

💡Dutch Golden Age

The Dutch Golden Age was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, during which Dutch trade, science, military, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. The script refers to this period when discussing the establishment of the VOC and the naval power of the Dutch during the Anglo-Dutch Wars.

💡EIC (English East India Company)

The EIC, or English East India Company, was an English company formed for the exploitation of trade with East India and India. It was founded in 1600 and became a powerful force in the Indian Ocean, often in competition with the VOC. The script mentions the EIC in the context of English colonial ambitions and trade rivalries.

💡Ius Gentium

Ius Gentium, or the 'Law of Nations,' was a set of principles in the law of peoples that served as a precursor to modern international law. It was used to regulate relations between different nations and their citizens. The script mentions Ius Gentium in the context of the legal framework that attempted to govern the conduct of nations during times of peace and trade.

💡Eighty Years' War

The Eighty Years' War, also known as the Dutch Revolt, was a long conflict from 1568 to 1648 that resulted in Dutch independence from the Spanish Habsburgs. The script refers to this war to highlight the Dutch struggle for independence and the formation of the Dutch Republic.

💡Ratification of Nonthas G

The Ratification of Nonthas G was an agreement between the English and the Dutch that provided support to the Dutch in their fight for independence against Spain. The script mentions this to illustrate the historical alliance between England and the Dutch during the Eighty Years' War.

💡New World

The term 'New World' refers to the Americas and their indigenous peoples, used by Europeans from the late 15th to the 17th centuries. In the script, the 'New World' is mentioned in the context of English and Dutch exploration and competition for trade commodities, such as spices.

💡Unspoken Alliance

The Unspoken Alliance refers to the period of cooperation between England and the Dutch Republic after their long history of conflict. The script discusses this alliance in the context of the two nations becoming allies after the Anglo-Dutch Wars, particularly during World War II when the Dutch government-in-exile was based in London.

💡Anglo-Dutch Treaty

The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 was an agreement that ended the colonial rivalry between the two nations and led to the exchange of colonial territories. The script mentions this treaty as a symbol of the resolution of past conflicts and the establishment of a more peaceful relationship between England and the Dutch Republic.

Highlights

The Dutch and German languages were used by the Dutch military during the 1600-1700s.

The movie 'Admiral' depicts the life of Michiel de Ruyter, a Dutch naval officer.

The Battle of Texel was a significant naval battle during the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672.

The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was established in 1602, two years after the English East India Company.

The VOC enforced a monopoly on spices, particularly cloves and nutmeg, in the Maluku Islands.

The Ambon Massacre in 1623 was a violent incident involving the VOC and English traders.

The English Civil War in 1642 led to Oliver Cromwell's ambition to strengthen the English navy and confront the Dutch.

The Anglo-Dutch Wars were a series of four wars between England and the Dutch Republic.

The Treaty of 1814 marked the end of hostilities and a return of colonial territories between England and the Dutch.

The Dutch and English monarchies have maintained a close relationship since World War II.

Companies like Royal Dutch Shell and Unilever have origins in both the Dutch and English markets.

The Dutch and English have a history of colonial competition, particularly in the East Indies.

The Dutch Republic was once the dominant maritime trading power in Europe.

The Dutch and English have a complex history of rivalry and cooperation in global politics.

The video discusses the potential for the Dutch to return to a period of greatness.

The video invites viewers to share their thoughts on the Dutch and English colonial history and its impact on Indonesia.

The video concludes with a call to action for viewers to like, subscribe, and turn on notifications for more content.

Transcripts

hai hai

hai woi Bukankah orang yang barusan itu

bilang special yang adalah bahasa Jerman

dan kalau diterjemahkan dalam bahasa

Inggris artinya Syaikh muqbil mana

mungkin Angkatan perang Belanda bicara

pakai bahasa Jerman well kalau kalian

pernah baca sejarahnya memang kebanyakan

tentara Belanda di tahun 1600-an hingga

1700-an adalah tentara asing dengan

orang Jerman jadi yang terbanyak

selengkapnya nonton di video sejarah

Nazi di Indonesia ya back to the movie

yang tadi kalian saksikan adalah

potongan dari film admirall yang judul

aslinya my shoulder router yang berkisah

tentang micellar water seorang Laksamana

angkatan laut Belanda yang tercatat

sebagai Laksamana paling hebat dalam

sejarah manusia latar film yang barusan

ini adalah saat anglo-dutch War tahap

ketiga pada tahun 1672 tepatnya di

Battle of teks sel antara Inggris

bersama Prancis melawan Belanda dan Yes

videonya akan membahas pertentangan

di antara Inggris versus Belanda metal

teks sel dimana Inggris diperkuat oleh

92 kapal dan 30 Kapal Api sementara

Belanda hanya punya 75 kapal dan 30

Kapal Api yang lebih kecil namun lebih

terlatih nyatanya memang diungguli oleh

Belanda nah Battle of texel ini jadi

semacam gambaran awal pertentangan dua

kolonial lampau ini yang terus bersaing

hingga periode-periode selanjutnya

Katakanlah lewat VOC versus iicc rebutan

menjajah Indonesia dan lain sebagainya

Lalu seperti apa benturan dua negara ini

pernah terjadi let's find out on Dedes

[Musik]

Eropa di abad ke-16 adalah masa yang

penuh perang adalah Happy birthday mesti

yang mewakili kekuatan Katolik kala itu

berperang

melawan negara-negara Protestan ini

adalah bagian dari gelombang reformasi

dalam peradaban barat dan kekristenan

kala itu yang menandai perubahan dalam

banyak aspek kehidupan manusia tulis di

kolom komentar Kalau kalian ingin ada

pembahasan spesifik tentang

perang-perang itu ya Nah Inggris dan

Belanda kala itu ikut dalam perang ini

di Belanda sendiri secara spesifik ada

perang 80 tahun alias perang kemerdekaan

yang terjadi antara 17 provinsi melawan

Raja Phillip dua dari Spanyol yang

merupakan penguasa atas headboard

Belanda sebutan untuk wilayah itu 17

provinsi sangat familiar mirip dengan

heran pentingnya sudah Empire sementara

Inggris sendiri saat itu dipimpin oleh

Ratu Elizabeth 1 juga sedang memainkan

politik melawan Spanyol Elisabeth satu

Membangun angkatan laut yang kuat untuk

menghadapi pembajakan dan pertempuran di

laut dalam rangka melindungi kepentingan

negaranya nah

karena sama-sama melawan Spanyol Inggris

pun memberikan dukungan terhadap perang

kemerdekaan di Belanda lewat

penandatanganan perjanjian Nongsa G

Namun hubungan berubah ketika Charles

satu berkuasa di Inggris ia justru

melakukan kesepakatan rahasia dengan

Spanyol dan justru ingin melawan Belanda

well hubungan Inggris dan Belanda ini

sangat dipengaruhi oleh persaingan

penjelajahan dunia menuju Apa yang

disebut sebagai New World utamanya untuk

mencari komoditas perdagangan salah

satunya rempah-rempah Ichiro da kayaknya

dapat inspirasi dari sini soalnya World

nah hal ini yang bikin para pelaut dari

dua entitas kekuasaan itu berlayar dari

negaranya ke India dan kemudian sampai

juga ke Indonesia

Hai sekalipun bersaing kala itu embrio

perdagangan bebas telah mulai digariskan

dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip dalam

Ius gentium alias lo of nation's yang

merupakan warisan hukum Romawi suasana

damai ada namun tetap ada ketegangan

benturan-benturan yang terjadi dengan

Inggris berubah menjadi lebih kuat

ketika persaingan memperebutkan

komoditas perdagangan berujung pada

pembentukan kongsi dagang Inggris lebih

dulu mendirikan English is India company

alias isi pada tahun 1600 tak mau

ketinggalan Belanda pun mendirikan Dutch

East India company alias VOC 2 tahun

kemudian pada tahun 1602

Hai persaingan ini awalnya berhubungan

dengan monopoli komoditas namun kemudian

berujung pada benturan fisik yang lebih

serius konteks monopoli itu misalnya

yang dilakukan oleh Belanda pada

komoditas pala cengkeh dan bunga pala

yang tumbuh di pulau-pulau di Maluku

terutama di Kepulauan Banda untuk

mengontrol harga VOC mewajibkan tumbuhan

ini hanya ada di Maluku saja sedangkan

di daerah-daerah lain komoditas tersebut

dilarang tumbuh dan bahkan akan dicabut

atau dirusak tanamannya harga komoditas

tersebut kemudian dijual oleh VOC antara

14 hingga 17 kali lipat dari harga awal

riseller yang saat ini VOC

Hai akibatnya Belanda kemudian berubah

menjadi negara dengan perdagangan laut

paling kuat di Eropa kala itu termasuk

juga dari sisi angkatan lautnya konteks

benturan dengan I dalam kaitan dengan

monopoli ini sempat terjadi pada tahun

1623 dalam tajuk pembantaian Ambon kala

itu terjadi penyiksaan dan eksekusi yang

dilakukan oleh VOC kepada 20 orang

dengan 10 orang diantaranya adalah

pegawai IC atas tumbuhan penghianatan

dinamika terus berubah ketika terjadi

perang sipil di Inggris pada 1642 dimana

Oliver count memimpin tentara parlemen

melawan Raja Charles pertama crombell

kemudian berambisi untuk membesarkan

angkatan laut Inggris dan menyanyi

Belanda yang saat itu sudah menjadi

pemain besar

Hai persaingan dan benturan yang terjadi

akhirnya berujung pada keputusan Inggris

untuk mengkonfrontasi Belanda yang

menurut mereka tidak berterima kasih

atas bantuan yang diberikan di masa

lampau maka pecahlah anglo-dutch War

yang terjadi dalam empat tahap tahap

pertama terjadi antara 1652 sampai 16 5

4 tahap kedua pada 1660 5-16 67 tahap

ketiga pada 1672 sampai 16 74 Janta

keempat pada 1780 sampai 1784 perang

tahap keempat sendiri terjadi setelah

untuk waktu satu abad ke-20 Gaara

menjadi sekutu pasca perangkap keempat

beberapa penulis menyebutkan bahwa

Inggris dan Belanda memasuki era and

spoken Lais ini misalnya dituliskan oleh

Nazi lesson dan duco Helena dalam buku

mereka Unspoken Lais era kekuasaan

Global Belanda sebagai penguasa lautan

juga perlahan

nih

Hai pada tahun 1814 terjadi anglo-dutch

Treaty yang berisi kesepakatan untuk

mengembalikan wilayah wilayah koloni

Belanda kepada negara tersebut dengan

mengecualikan kepo of Good hope di

Afrika Selatan Inggris juga memberikan

Kepulauan Bangka kepada Belanda sebagai

ganti cuci di India perjanjian ini

kemudian disempurnakan lagi lewat

perjanjian lanjutan di tahun 18 24

Hai situasi dalam tajuk hubungan yang

kondusif terus terjadi selama perang

dunia dimana Inggris dan Belanda menjadi

sekutu bersama Ketika Belanda dikuasai

oleh Hitler pada tahun 1941 Belanda

Wilhelmina mengungsi ke Inggris dan

memimpin pemerintahannya dari sana

pasca-perang hubungan yang dekat itu

terus terjadi hingga saat ini buah

negara ini sama-sama menganut monarki

konstitusional angkatan laut kedua

negara juga menjalin hubungan yang

sangat dekat hal yang tentu saja menarik

mengingat persaingan keduanya di masa

lampau

di beberapa perusahaan besar dunia juga

punya pertalian asal dari dua negara ini

misalnya Royal Dutch Shell tempat kalian

biasa ngisi bensin itu berasal dari dua

negara ini juga Unilever yang nyediain

produk-produk kebutuhan mandi kalian itu

juga hasil merger dua perusahaan yakni

perusahaan margarin Belanda bernama

margarine unie dengan perusahaan sabun

asal Inggris bernama level Brothers show

you see dari mana nama Unilever itu

berasal pada akhirnya kisah tentang

Inggris dan Belanda akan jadi

perbincangan yang selalu menarik banyak

obrolan di warung kopi yang bilang bahwa

Indonesia sulit maju karena dijajah oleh

Belanda dan nasibnya akan berbeda kalau

dijajah oleh Inggris well itu topik yang

menarik untuk kita diskusikan di episode

berikutnya tulis di kolom komentar Kalau

kalian ingin kita bahas hal itu ya

Hai Belanda memang saat ini tidak sedang

Minan Inggris lagi di panggung politik

internasional namun banyak yang menyebut

negara ini sebagai raksasa yang sedang

tertidur well Battle of Textile di awal

sudah lebih dari cukup untuk

menggambarkannya nah lalu Bagaimana

menurut kalian mungkinkah suatu saat

Belanda akan kembali ke masa kejayaannya

Hai Berikan pendapatmu

[Musik]

Hai terima kasih telah menyaksikan video

ini jangan lupa untuk di rumah aja

patuhi protokol kesehatan dan

rajin-rajin cuci tangan kalian jika

kalian punya saran atau masukan untuk

konten-konten selanjutnya jangan lupa

untuk tinggalkan di kolom komentar di

bawah ini jangan lupa juga untuk like

subscribe dan Nyalakan lonceng

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untuk dapatkan informasi seputar

fenomena politik di Indonesia bye

Hai j6 ungkem ujian berujung pada

benturan fisik yang lebih serius kontak

smoke kontak sekali