Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro (UNESCO/NHK)
Summary
TLDRThe ancient city of Muen Jaro, part of the Indus civilization in southern Pakistan, showcases remarkable urban planning dating back to 2500 BC. This archaeological gem, discovered in 1922, features right-angled streets and an advanced water supply and sewage system. Despite its prosperity, the site faces ongoing threats from salt erosion and water damage, prompting restoration efforts by the Pakistani government and UNESCO since 1972.
Takeaways
- 🏺 The Indus civilization is one of the four greatest ancient civilizations, founded around 2500 BC.
- 🗺️ The archaeological site of Muen Jaro is located in southern Pakistan and is part of the Indus civilization's heartland.
- 🏰 Muen Jaro was discovered by chance in 1922 during the excavation of a partly revealed stupa.
- 🛣️ The city of Muen Jaro had a well-planned layout with streets crossing at right angles and a network of narrow streets.
- 💧 One of the outstanding features of the Indus civilization was its advanced water provision and sewage system.
- 🪣 The city had a complete water supply and sewage system, with sewage channels aligned with the roads.
- 🔖 Seals found at the site suggest trade with distant Mesopotamia, possibly used for marking traded items.
- 🌾 Muen Jaro's prosperity was based on fertile soil and floodwater, which are now ironically its greatest threats.
- 💧 Salt erosion is causing significant damage to the site, with saltwater rising and crystallizing on the bricks, leading to crumbling.
- 🔧 The Pakistan government, with UNESCO's support, started restoration efforts in 1972 to mitigate water-related threats.
Q & A
What is the significance of the archaeological site at Muen Jaro in the context of ancient civilizations?
-The archaeological site at Muen Jaro is significant as it is part of the Indus civilization, which is regarded as one of the four greatest ancient civilizations. It was founded around 2500 BC and represents a well-planned ancient city.
Where is the archaeological site of Muen Jaro located?
-The archaeological site of Muen Jaro is located in southern Pakistan, along with Harappa, which is located upstream. Together, they were the heartland of the Indus civilization.
How was the ancient city at Muen Jaro discovered?
-The ancient city at Muen Jaro was discovered by chance in 1922 during the excavation of a partly revealed stupa.
What were the characteristics of the city planning in Muen Jaro?
-The city planning in Muen Jaro was characterized by streets that crossed at right angles and a network of narrow streets spread across the residential district.
What is one of the outstanding features of the Indus civilization as it relates to Muen Jaro?
-One of the outstanding features of the Indus civilization, as seen at Muen Jaro, is the advanced water provision system, which included a complete water supply and sewage system.
What was the purpose of the holes in the second floor walls at Muen Jaro?
-The holes in the second floor walls at Muen Jaro were believed to have been used for waste disposal and drainage.
What have the seals found at the site of Muen Jaro been used for?
-The seals found at the site of Muen Jaro are believed to have been used to wrap and mark items for trade with distant Mesopotamia.
What natural resources contributed to the prosperity of Muen Jaro?
-The prosperity of Muen Jaro was founded on rich soil and floodwater, which were abundant in the region.
What is the current threat to the archaeological site at Muen Jaro?
-The current threat to the archaeological site at Muen Jaro is salt erosion, where saltwater rises to the surface and onto the bricks, causing them to crumble due to crystallization from strong sunlight.
What measures have been taken by the Pakistan government and UNESCO to protect the site at Muen Jaro?
-The Pakistan government, with support from UNESCO, started the restoration of the bricks in 1972. They also pump out and divert underground water away from the site to lower the water table.
Despite restoration efforts, what is the ongoing challenge at the site of Muen Jaro?
-Despite restoration efforts, the ongoing challenge at the site of Muen Jaro is that the water level remains high, and the site continues to be under threat.
Outlines
🏺 Archaeological Marvels of the Indus Civilization
The script delves into the ancient Indus civilization, one of the world's four greatest ancient civilizations, established around 2500 BC. The archaeological site of Muaan Jaro in southern Pakistan, along with Harappa, marks the heartland of this civilization. Discovered accidentally in 1922, the site reveals a meticulously planned city with intersecting streets and a network of narrow lanes. A standout feature of the Indus civilization was its advanced water management system, including a complete water supply and sewage system. The city's prosperity was rooted in fertile soil and floodwaters, but ironically, water now poses the greatest threat to the site. Salt erosion, caused by rising saltwater and crystallization under the sun, is damaging the bricks. Efforts to mitigate this, supported by UNESCO since 1972, include pumping out groundwater to lower the water table, though challenges persist.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Indus Civilization
💡Muen Jaro
💡Archaeological Site
💡Water Provision
💡Sewage System
💡Seals
💡Salt Erosion
💡UNESCO
💡Water Table
💡Historical Preservation
Highlights
The Indus civilization is one of the four greatest ancient civilizations, founded around 2500 BC.
Muan Jaro is an archaeological site in southern Pakistan, central to the Indus civilization.
The ancient city at Muan Jaro was discovered by chance during the excavation of a partly revealed stupa.
Muan Jaro's archaeological site revealed a well-planned city with streets crossing at right angles.
The residential district of Muan Jaro had a network of narrow streets.
Indus civilization featured an advanced water provision system.
Holes in the second floor walls were used for waste disposal and drainage.
Muan Jaro had a complete water supply and sewage system.
Seals found at the site were likely used for trade with distant Mesopotamia.
Muan Jaro's prosperity was based on rich soil and floodwater.
Water is now the greatest threat to the archaeological site of Muan Jaro.
Salt erosion is damaging the site by causing bricks to crumble due to crystallized salt from the sun.
The Pakistan government and UNESCO have been working on restoration efforts since 1972.
Underground water is being pumped out and diverted away to lower the water table at the site.
Despite restoration efforts, the water level remains high and the site continues to be under threat.
The ongoing battle against water damage at Muan Jaro is a significant challenge for the preservation of the site.
Transcripts
the earliest plan City archaeological
ruins at muen jaro the great Indus River
runs from the Himalayas to the Arabian
Sea the Indus civilization regarded as
one of the four greatest ancient
civilizations was founded around 2500
BC this is the archaeological site of
muan jaro in southern
Pakistan along with haraa located
Upstream this was the heartland of the
Indus civilization
the remains of an ancient city predating
Buddhist history was discovered by
chance in 1922 during the excavation of
a partly revealed
stuper after careful excavation it was
revealed that this archaeological site
was a wonderfully planned ancient
city streets crossed at right angles and
a network of narrow streets spread
across the residential district
water provision is one of the
outstanding features of indust
civilization this used to be a
well the holes in the second floor walls
were believed to have been used for
Waste Disposal and
drainage the city had a complete water
supply and sewage
system sewage channels are arranged in
line with the
roads seals have also been found on this
site
It is believed they were used to wrap
and Mark items to be traded with distant
Mesopotamia muan judo's Prosperity was
founded on rich soil and flood water
however water is now the greatest threat
to the
site salt erosion is causing damage salt
water rises to the surface and onto the
bricks strong Sunshine crystallizes the
salt and the bricks crumble
the Pakistan government started
restoration of the bricks with support
from UNESCO in
1972 underground water is pumped out and
diverted away from the site to lower the
water
table despite this the water level Still
Remains High and the site is still under
threat for the site at muan jaro the
battle against water continues from in
the time of the ancient Indus
civilization
Ver Más Videos Relacionados
Mohenjo Daro 101 | National Geographic
Rise and Fall of Indus Valley Civilization
Dholavira - A Futuristic Metropolis of the Past | Gujarat | India
Indus Valley Civilization | Early Civilizations | World History | Khan Academy
Layout of The City - Mohenjo-Daro - History || Extramarks
Documentary # 16: Indus Valley Civilization | A Short Documentary
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)