SCIENTIFIC MODELLING | SCIENCE 7 MATATAG CURRICULUM | QUARTER 1 WEEK 1
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, Serid Imperial of Quantum Chronicles explores the significance of scientific models in understanding and explaining complex phenomena. The video delves into various types of models, including physical, mathematical, conceptual, and computational, illustrating their roles in hypothesis formation, experimentation, and prediction. It emphasizes the iterative nature of scientific knowledge construction, where models are continually tested, revised, or rejected based on empirical evidence, ultimately contributing to our comprehension of the natural world.
Takeaways
- 🧐 Scientific models are simplified representations of complex real-world phenomena and come in various forms such as physical, mathematical, conceptual, and computational.
- 📚 Models serve as a cognitive and visual means of connecting theory to experiment and act as a research guide, allowing for hypothesis formation and verification through experimentation.
- 🔍 Theories provide coherent explanations that hold true for a large number of facts and observations about the natural world, and they are internally consistent and evidence-based.
- 🌐 Physical models are tangible representations like globes or DNA structures, and can be a scale model, which is either larger or smaller than the actual object.
- 📈 Mathematical models include equations or simulations that represent phenomena numerically, such as graphs and coordinate planes, and are used to make predictions and quantify natural phenomena.
- 📊 A pie chart (or p graph) is a circular graphical representation of data typically in percent form, useful for showing proportions like preferences or distributions.
- 📊 Bar graphs (or bar charts) display data points and frequency distribution, useful for comparing categories like the number of birthdays per month.
- 📈 Line graphs (or line plots) display continuous data over time, showing trends like inconsistent grades in science across different quarters.
- 🗺️ Venn diagrams illustrate the logical relations between sets of items, showing commonalities and differences, like similarities between apples and oranges.
- 💡 Conceptual models use diagrams or flowcharts to depict processes or systems, such as the food chain, helping to visualize and conceptualize complex or undetectable systems.
- 🖥️ Computational models are computer simulations that mimic real-world processes, like simulating atomic structures to understand elemental composition.
- 🔬 Models are essential tools in the scientific process, allowing for the testing of ideas and hypotheses, prediction of future events, and exploration of unknown information.
Q & A
What is the primary purpose of scientific models according to the video?
-The primary purpose of scientific models is to serve as a cognitively visual means of connecting theory to experiment and to act as a research guide, allowing for the formation and verification of hypotheses through experimentation.
What does the video suggest about the relationship between theory and models in scientific research?
-The video suggests that models serve as a bridge between theory and experiment, helping to translate theoretical concepts into testable hypotheses and providing a framework for scientific exploration.
What are the different forms that scientific models can take?
-Scientific models can take various forms such as physical, mathematical, conceptual, and computational models.
Can you explain what a scale model is as mentioned in the video?
-A scale model is a physical model that is either larger or smaller than the actual object it represents, used to depict the object in a more accessible or study-friendly size.
What is the significance of mathematical models in scientific exploration?
-Mathematical models are significant as they leverage mathematical computations to make predictions and quantify natural phenomena, providing a precise way to describe and predict the behavior of the natural world.
What is an example of a mathematical model mentioned in the video?
-Sir Isaac Newton's law of gravitation is an example of a mathematical model mentioned in the video, which eloquently describes the effects of gravitational force using mathematical language.
What are the different types of graphical representations discussed in the video?
-The different types of graphical representations discussed in the video are pie charts (or circle graphs), bar graphs (or bar charts/ column charts), line graphs (or line charts/ line plots), and Venn diagrams.
How do conceptual models help scientists in their research?
-Conceptual models help scientists by providing diagrams or flowcharts that depict processes or systems, enabling them to visualize and conceptualize normally undetectable or highly complex systems.
What is the role of computational models in mimicking real-world processes?
-Computational models act as computer simulations that mimic real-world processes, allowing scientists to test hypotheses, predict future events, and explore complex systems in a controlled environment.
How do scientific models contribute to the understanding of the natural world?
-Scientific models contribute to the understanding of the natural world by simplifying complex phenomena, enabling scientists to explore unknown information regions, and serving as a link between the known and the unknown.
What is the term used in the video for information known to be real or true provided by direct observation and measurement?
-The term used in the video for information known to be real or true provided by direct observation and measurement is 'ground truth'.
How do models help in the process of constructing scientific knowledge?
-Models help in the process of constructing scientific knowledge by playing a crucial role in hypothesis testing, serving as a testing ground for ideas, and by being subject to revision or rejection based on experimental evidence, thus highlighting the uncertain nature of scientific understanding.
Outlines
🔬 Scientific Modeling: A Gateway to Understanding
This paragraph introduces the concept of scientific models as representations of complex phenomena, explaining their crucial role in research and theory development. It clarifies that models are not just physical objects but also include mathematical, conceptual, and computational forms. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of models in forming and verifying hypotheses, as well as their function in simplifying and explaining the natural world. It also touches on the iterative process of model refinement based on scientific consensus and evidence.
📊 Exploring Types of Scientific Models and Their Applications
The second paragraph delves into the different types of scientific models, detailing their characteristics and uses. It discusses physical models like globes and DNA structures, mathematical models including equations and graphs, conceptual models that visualize processes or systems, and computational models that simulate real-world phenomena. The paragraph also highlights the importance of ground truth in validating models and the role of models in predicting future events and trends. It concludes by emphasizing the indispensable nature of scientific models in advancing our understanding of the cosmos and the natural world.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Scientific Modeling
💡Theory
💡Hypothesis
💡Physical Models
💡Mathematical Models
💡Pie Chart
💡Bar Graph
💡Line Graph
💡Coordinate Plane
💡Venn Diagram
💡Conceptual Models
💡Computational Models
💡Ground Truth
Highlights
Scientific models are simplified representations of real-world phenomena and play a crucial role in characterizing and explaining unobservable events.
Models serve as a cognitive and visual means of connecting theory to experiment and as a research guide, allowing hypothesis formation and verification.
Theories provide coherent explanations for natural phenomena, must be internally consistent, and are tested against a wide range of observations.
Scientists use models for various purposes, including presenting hypotheses, offering explanations, and forecasting potential outcomes.
Models are subject to revision or rejection based on scientific consensus, highlighting the uncertain nature of scientific understanding.
Physical models, such as globes or DNA structures, are tangible representations that can be scaled up, down, or to the same size as the actual object.
Mathematical models use equations or simulations to represent phenomena numerically, including graphs and diagrams.
Sir Isaac Newton's law of gravitation is a classic example of a mathematical model that allows for precise predictions of celestial motions.
P graphs, or pie charts, are graphical representations of data displayed in a circle, typically in percent form.
Bar graphs, or column charts, display data points and frequency distribution, useful for comparing categories such as student birthdays per month.
Line graphs, or line plots, display continuous data over time, showing trends such as inconsistent science grades across quarters.
Coordinate planes represent ordered pairs in the form of X and Y, used to plot algebraic expressions or equations.
Venn diagrams illustrate the logical relation between sets of items, showing commonalities and differences.
Conceptual models present diagrams or flowcharts that depict processes or systems, such as the food chain in an ecosystem.
The Bohr model of an atom is a classic example of a conceptual model that simplifies atomic structure and behavior.
Computational models are computer simulations that mimic real-world processes, such as element creation in atomic simulations.
Ground truth is information known to be real or true, provided by direct observation and measurement, used to assess the accuracy of models.
Models serve as a testing ground for ideas and hypotheses, allowing scientists to simulate real-world scenarios for controlled investigation.
Mathematical and computational models enable scientists to predict future events and trends, such as climate change.
Scientific models are essential tools that simplify complex concepts and allow researchers to explore the unknown, contributing to our understanding of the natural world.
Transcripts
what's up mahai I am serid Imperial of
quantum Chronicles in this video we are
going to learn different examples of
scientific modeling and ways to use them
in presenting various information are
you geared up for today's lesson if you
find this video helpful do not forget to
subscribe to this channel do not forget
to like share and hit the notification
button to keep you updated all right
let's Dive In
when we are talking about models the
first thing that comes to our minds are
those round Queens from different
pageants or those wearing fashionable
clothes on a Runway however models in
science are any depiction of a concept
an item a procedure or a system that is
used to characterize and explain events
that are not immediately observable in
research as well as in explaining their
findings models play a crucial role in
what scientists do models serve as a
cognitively visual means of connecting
Theory to experiment and serve as a
research guide because they are
condensed depiction of a hypothetical
world that allow hypothesis to be formed
and verified through
experimentation so what do we mean by
Theory Theory provides a coherent
explanation that holds true for a large
number of facts and observation about
the natural world it has to be
internally consistent based upon
evidence tested against a wide range a
phenomena and demonstrate problem
solving models may be used for several
purposes such as presenting s hypothesis
or offering an explanation or
complicated facts scientists may put out
many models to describe or forecast
potential outcomes in certain situations
scientists frequently disagree about
whether their model is right and as a
result the model is either rejected or
revised as a result models play a
crucial role in the process of
constructing scientific knowledge and
highlight the uncertain nature of
scientific
understanding scientific models are
simplified representation of complex
real world phenomena they can take
various forms such as physical
mathematical conceptual and
computational when we are saying
physical models these are the tangible
models like Globes DNA structures or
anatomical models a physical model can
be smaller
larger or the same size as the actual
object it represents a model that is
larger or smaller than the actual object
is called a scale model next on the list
is mathematical models these are the
equations or simulations that represent
phenomena numerically this include
graphs such as a p graph bar graph line
graph coordinate plane and Vin diagram
mathematical models are the mathematical
counterpart of scientific exploration
this models leverage mathematical
computations to make predictions and
quantify natural phenomena a classic
example is Sir Isaac's Newton's law of
gravitation established in
1687 this mathematical model eloquently
describes the effects of gravitational
force using the language of mathematics
allowing for precise predictions of
celestial motions and
interactions next is p graph also known
as a circle graph or pie chart a
graphical representation are visual
representation of data that is displayed
in a circle the data is typically in
percent form for example we want to
present how many percent of your
classmates love studying science or how
many of them are using Apple products we
can use P graph to present this
information next is bar graph also known
as bar chart or column chart it displays
data points and frequency distribution a
stock bar chart takes the set of data
and divides it into different categories
the bars can be ploted vertically or
horizontally example of this is the
birthdays of the students per month we
can see in the bar graph that the month
of November has the most number of
celebrants next in line is the line
graph also known as line chart or line
plot it displays continuous data over a
period of time it shows how the data
increases and decreases in the picture
we can see that CS grade in science is
not consistent she obtained a grade of
91 in first quarter 92 in second quarter
90 in third quarter and 97 in the last
quarter is still under mathematical
models are coordinate planes it is used
to represent ordered peers in the form
of X and Y it has a horizontal axis
called the Y AIS and a vertical axis
called the x axis it is used to plot
algebraic expressions or equations such
as linear equations quad atic equations
exponential equations polinomial
equations and Etc last for mathematical
models are the VIN diagrams a ven
diagram is an illustration that uses
overlapping circles to show The Logical
relation between two or more sets of
items circles that overlap have a
commonality while circles that do not
overlap do not share those trats as we
can see on the example using the diagram
apple and orange have similarities and
differences
third type of scientific models is
conceptual models it presents diagrams
or flowchart that depict processes or
systems for example we have here the
food chain where the plant is the
producer to be eaten by a deer as
primary consumer then the deer will be
consumed by a lion and over some time
the lion will die and be consumed by
worms which acts as
decomposers in the field of science
conceptual models perform a distinctive
functions they enable scientists to
visualize and conceptualize normally
undetectable or highly complex systems
the bore model of an atom which depicts
electrons revolving around the nucleus
and provides a simplified feature of
atomic structure as a classic example
this model can help you understand the
underlying concept of atomic
Behavior the fourth type of scientific
model is computational models these are
computer simulations that mimic real
world processes the best website as an
example of computational models is fat
color simulations opening the website
particularly in building an atom it
shows that when I add a proton and
neutron in the nucleus of the atom and
an electron in its orbitals I have
created an element named hydrogen when I
add other subatomic particles in the
simulation it will show that I have
created a helium
atom scientists can measure what has
happened in the past so if the model
fits the data it is thought to be a
little more trustworthy if it doesn't
fit it's time to do some more
work ground truth is information that is
known to be real or true provided by
direct observation and measurement as
opposed to information provided by
inference ground trting assesses the
accuracy of remote sensing data by
comparing it with physical measurement
collected at the ground
level scientists harness scientific
models for a multitude of reasons each
serving a critical purpose in the
scientific process one primary function
of models is to serve as a testing
ground for ideas and hypothesis
scientists need to rigorously examine
their theories and conduct experiment to
validate their assumptions by working
with this models scientists can simulate
real world scenarios allowing for
controlled and systematic investigation
for example a scientist interested in
uncovering additional applications of
carbon dioxide side might work on a
smaller scale models to test various
concept and
hypothesis models particularly
mathematical and computational ones
enable scientists to predict future
events and trends for instance
scientists can harness complex
calculations and modeling techniques to
predict the earth's climate in the years
to come incorporating historical data
and current trends into their
mathematical
Frameworks to summarize scientific
models are essential Tools in the
scientist's toolkit since they enable
organized ways to comprehend describe
and forecast the internal functioning of
the world we live in they serve as a
link between the known and the unknown
simplifying complicated Concepts and
allowing researchers to explore unknown
information regions models enable
scientists to light the mysteries of the
cosmos and make substantial
contributions to our understanding of
the natural world whether they are
uncovering the secrets of atoms tracking
disaster prone area or forecasting
climate change did you enjoy today's
lesson see you again next time I am sir
Jude
Imperial thank you and God bless
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