What is Frequency?
Summary
TLDRThis video dives into the concept of frequency, a fundamental tool to describe signals in the world around us. Defined as the number of times an event occurs over a period, frequency is commonly measured in Hertz. The video humorously illustrates frequency with everyday examples and explains the relationship between frequency and period. It also touches on how frequency is applied in various aspects of life, such as screen refresh rates, hearing tests, and music, before exploring the idea of waveforms and their significance in different projects.
Takeaways
- 📅 The script introduces the concept of frequency, which is a measure of how often something happens over a period of time.
- 🔁 Frequency is defined as the number of times an event or signal repeats per second and is commonly measured in Hertz.
- 👶 The term 'frequent' helps to understand the concept, with a higher frequency indicating more frequent occurrences.
- 🚽 A humorous example given is the frequency of bathroom breaks during a class, illustrating the concept in a relatable way.
- 🛌 Another example provided is jumping on a bed, where the number of jumps in a set time frame represents the frequency.
- ⏱ The inverse of frequency is called the period, which measures the time between occurrences of a repeating event.
- 💡 The script explains that the period can be calculated by taking the reciprocal of the frequency (1/frequency).
- 🎮 Frequency is relevant in everyday technology, such as the refresh rate of screens in gaming and televisions.
- 👂 Human hearing is sensitive to frequencies between 20 Hertz and 20,000 Hertz, which is important for understanding hearing loss.
- 🎵 Music is composed of various frequencies and signal shapes, with specific frequencies corresponding to musical notes.
- 🌐 The script also touches on waveforms, which are the patterns described by frequencies and will be explored in more detail in future content.
- 📢 The video concludes with an invitation to subscribe for more educational content and mentions of a merchandise store supporting a nonprofit.
Q & A
What is the basic definition of frequency?
-Frequency is the number of times that something happens over a period of time. It describes how often an event occurs.
What does the term 'frequent' imply in terms of frequency?
-The term 'frequent' implies a higher frequency, meaning that something is happening more often or with greater regularity.
What is the standard unit used to measure frequency?
-The standard unit used to measure frequency is Hertz, which is defined as one cycle per second.
How is the period of an event related to its frequency?
-The period of an event is the inverse of its frequency. It measures the time it takes for one complete cycle of the event to occur.
What is the significance of the period in the context of a blinking LED?
-The period of a blinking LED indicates the time interval between each blink, which can be used to determine the frequency of the blinking.
How does the refresh rate of a screen relate to frequency?
-The refresh rate of a screen is its frequency, indicating the number of times the screen is refreshed with a new image per second.
What is the range of frequencies that human ears can typically detect?
-Human ears are sensitive to frequencies between 20 Hertz and 20,000 Hertz.
How is frequency used in the context of music?
-In music, different frequencies and signal shapes are combined to create a symphony of sound. Each musical note corresponds to a specific frequency.
What does the script imply about the relationship between frequency and the smoothness of motion in video games or TVs?
-Higher frequencies in screen refresh rates make motion appear smoother, enhancing the viewing experience in video games or on TVs.
How does the script demonstrate the concept of waveforms?
-The script introduces waveforms as repeating patterns described by frequencies, and mentions that different projects may require different waveforms with specific characteristics.
What is the practical demonstration mentioned in the script to understand the relationship between period and frequency?
-The script describes an experiment with an LED and a speaker, where changing the period affects the frequency of the blinking LED and the sound produced by the speaker, illustrating the inverse relationship between the two.
Outlines
🔊 Understanding Frequency and Its Applications
This paragraph introduces the concept of frequency, a fundamental tool for describing signals in the world around us. It defines frequency as the number of times an event occurs over a period of time, using everyday examples like bathroom breaks and jumping on a bed to illustrate the concept. The standard unit for frequency, Hertz, is explained, and the relationship between frequency and period is explored, with examples including a blinking LED and a flickering street lamp. The paragraph also touches on how frequency is used in various everyday technologies, such as screen refresh rates and hearing tests, and concludes with a demonstration of how different frequencies can create musical notes, using a Tesla coil to produce an A note at 440 Hertz.
🎶 Diving Deeper into Frequency and Waveforms
The second paragraph continues the discussion on frequency by emphasizing the importance of understanding waveforms, which are the repeating patterns described by frequencies. It hints at future content that will delve into different types of waveforms and their characteristics, suggesting that these will be crucial for specific projects. The paragraph ends with a call to action for viewers to engage with the content by liking the video and subscribing to the channel for more frequent updates. It also promotes the merchandise store as a way to support the creators' nonprofit organization and concludes with a sign-off from the hosts.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Frequency
💡Hertz
💡Period
💡Refresh Rate
💡Hearing Range
💡Music
💡Waveform
💡Tesla Coil
💡LED
💡Speaker
💡Sine and Cosine
Highlights
Today's topic is frequency, a concept with many applications and puns.
Frequency is defined as the number of times something happens over a period of time.
The term 'frequent' implies higher frequency, meaning more occurrences.
Hertz is the standard unit for frequency, representing one cycle per second.
Frequency describes repetitive patterns or events, like jumping or a light blinking.
The period is the inverse of frequency, measuring time between events.
Mathematically, frequency is calculated as 1 divided by the period.
Frequency is used in everyday technology, such as screen refresh rates in gaming and TVs.
Human hearing is sensitive to frequencies between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz.
Music is composed of various frequencies and signal shapes.
A-440 Hz is the tuning note for many musical instruments, including the violin.
Demonstrating frequency with LEDs and a speaker shows how period and frequency affect visibility and sound.
Waveforms are the graphical representation of frequency patterns.
Different projects require specific waveforms with unique characteristics.
The video promises more in-depth exploration of waveforms in upcoming content.
The video encourages viewers to subscribe for a high frequency of similar content.
Support the 501c3 nonprofit by purchasing merchandise from the provided link.
Transcripts
so today's topic is frequency which mean
there will be so many terrible overuse
frequency puns
[Music]
before we get started don't forget to
click the subscribe button and click the
little bell to get notified every time
we post a new video we'll get started
with a super meta science reminder of
the day everything around you is a
signal that you can measure and use in
some way so today we're gonna be talking
about frequency one of the biggest tools
you can use to describe those signals
that are happening in the world around
us the definition of frequency is pretty
simple a frequency is the number of
times that something literally anything
happens over a period of time think of
the word frequent a higher frequency
means something is happening more
frequently if you go to the bathroom
three times in a one-hour class that's a
frequency and also a sign that your
teacher needs to be a little more
entertaining if you jump on a bed 250
times in seven minutes
that's a frequency too to make things
easy it's most common to use the
standard unit Hertz
hence my bad puns to describe frequency
Hertz are nice because they're defined
as one per second so if I jump on a bed
three times in one second
I jumped at three Hertz for now it's
important to remember that frequency
describes a repetitive pattern or event
like jumping up and down turning off and
off the light Tom Brady's grain
touchdowns sorry I was raised in Boston
I have an excuse there are ways to
describe events that don't repeat using
frequencies but that's something for a
later video now that we have the basic
concept under our belts let's make this
a little bit more interesting if
frequency is the number of times an
event happens per second or one per
second that means that frequency is the
inverse of the number of seconds it
takes for something to happen therefore
if we take one and divide it by our
frequency we get a measurement called
the period to jump back to my bathroom
break example if you go three times in
an hour that period is 20 minutes an
amount of time between each bathroom
break the period measurement is also
super useful for example if you jump on
a bed or make an LED blink five times
per second which is five Hertz how long
is the wait between blinks the answer is
the period of the signal in this case
1/5 Hertz
Oh point two seconds so all you have to
do is remember that frequency is
described repeating patterns and period
is the measurement of how long one
repetition takes from start to end okay
so let's get a little bit mathy for a
second here roll it up the sleeves for
the math let's say that a street lamp is
flickering at 10 Hertz that means it
blinks 10 times each second 1/10 Hertz
gives us a period of 0.1 seconds in a
slightly harder example now the lamp
blinks on for one second then off for
three seconds so what's the new
frequency of the blinking light in this
case it's easier to calculate the period
first which is one second on plus three
seconds off giving us four seconds so if
our period is four seconds all we have
to do is divide one by four seconds to
get a frequency of 0.25 Hertz frequency
is actually something you've probably
seen or heard used to describe a lot of
stuff you use every day for example if
you play video games or bought a new TV
recently you might have cared about the
refresh rate of the screen something
like 60 or 144 Hertz this is the number
of times that your screen is refreshed
with a new image per second high
frequencies make motion look smoother if
you've ever had your hearing tested
you'll know that all sounds are
frequency to human ears are sensitive to
frequencies between 20 Hertz and 20,000
Hertz when someone has hearing loss that
means that they can't hear certain
frequencies anymore music is actually
made from tons of different frequencies
and signal shapes added together in a
beautiful symphony of sound for example
I play the violin and I tune to an A
which is 440 Hertz this is how we're
able to make music using bolt of
lightning from the Tesla coils to make
you hear an a all the Tesla coil has to
do is shoot 440 lightning bolts per
second let's play a bit with period and
frequency using LEDs and a speaker I've
gotten LED here that's blinking with a
period of two seconds if we start
turning the period up and down we can
see the blinks get further and closer
together for now it's easy to count how
many blinks are happening over a period
of time to estimate our frequency once
we start turning our period down to the
point one second range and smaller
though it gets a lot harder so let's
switch it to an output where we can
still notice differences in periods and
frequencies a speaker at one Hertz we
only see the cone of the speaker moving
at
time per second making a pop as we turn
up the frequency we notice that the Pops
become closer together making sounds
that are more and more like music notes
higher frequencies make higher and
higher notes and certain frequencies
correspond to certain named notes like
middle C is 260 1.6 Hertz
the last thing we want to mention in
this introduction to frequency is the
idea of a waveform we talked a bit about
how frequencies describe repeating
patterns and these patterns are called
waveforms depending on what you're
working on for specific projects though
you'll need different waveforms with
different characteristics we're gonna be
looking more in depth at different
waveforms in the next couple of weeks so
stay tuned but if you want to get ahead
or you just love geometric identities I
don't know now is a good time to look up
what sine and cosine are hopefully this
was a helpful introduction to frequency
we've got a high frequency of content
just like this lined up for the next
couple of months with a period of one
week so if you enjoyed this video you
should give us a like and click that
subscribe button if you haven't already
down in the description below you can
find the link to our super awesome
merchandise store where you can support
our 501c3 nonprofit by buying sweatsuit
sucks and one
signing off this is ila with Andrew
behind the camera
[Music]
you
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