Video ruangbelajar - Geografi XI SMA - Letak Geologis Indonesia | Bimbel Online

Summary

In this video, Kak Hendro explores Indonesia's unique geological location and its impact on the diverse range of animal species found in the country. Positioned on both the Sunda and Sahul shelves, Indonesia is home to fauna that mirrors those in Asia and Australia. Its geological significance, including tectonic plate activity and active volcanoes, shapes the land's fertile soil, rich minerals, and natural beauty. With two major world mountain arc paths crossing its territory, Indonesia's geological location influences its biodiversity, natural disasters, and tourism potential, offering a fascinating look at the country's natural history.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia has a diverse range of animals, including species similar to those in Asia and Australia, as well as unique endemic species.
• 😀 Indonesia's geological location is influenced by two shallow seas: the Sunda shelf (linked to Asia) and the Sahul shelf (linked to Australia).
• 😀 The diverse fauna in Indonesia is a result of its position on both the Sunda and Sahul shelves, with some animals being shared with Asia and others with Australia.
• 😀 The Sunda and Sahul shelves were submerged by rising sea levels after the Ice Age, turning the lowland areas into shallow seas.
• 😀 Indonesia includes islands like Sulawesi, which were never connected to either Asia or Australia since the Ice Age, leading to endemic species like anoa and babirusa.
• 😀 The term 'geological location' refers to the position of a region based on its rock structure, tectonic plates, and mountain ranges.
• 😀 Indonesia is located at the meeting point of four tectonic plates: the Eurasian plate, Indo-Australian plate, Pacific plate, and the Philippine plate.
• 😀 The interaction of these tectonic plates causes natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis but also brings benefits like fertile land and mineral-rich resources.
• 😀 Indonesia's active volcanoes, found around tectonic plate boundaries, have created fertile soil, making the country rich in natural resources.
• 😀 Indonesia is also situated along two world mountain arcs: the Circum-Pacific and Circum-Mediterranean mountain ranges, contributing to its geological complexity.

Q & A

Why does Indonesia have a variety of animals, some of which are similar to those in Asia and Australia?

Indonesia's diverse fauna is due to its geological location on two shallow seas, the Sunda shelf (part of Asia) and the Sahul shelf (part of Australia). This positioning allows for a mixture of species found in both regions.

What are the Sunda and Sahul shallows, and how do they affect Indonesia's animal species?

The Sunda shallow is part of the Asian continent, and the Sahul shallow is part of the Australian continent. These shallows influence the animal species in Indonesia, as animals from both regions can be found in the country.

How did the Sunda and Sahul shallows become submerged by water?

The shallows were submerged after the ice age when the sea level rose, turning the lowland areas into shallow seas.

Why are animals like the anoa and babirusa only found on the island of Sulawesi?

Sulawesi has never been connected to other landmasses since the ice age, making it home to endemic species, like the anoa and babirusa, that are not found elsewhere in the world.

What does the term 'geological location' refer to in the context of Indonesia?

Geological location refers to the position of a region based on its rock structure, tectonic plates, and mountain ranges. Indonesia's geological location is influenced by its position on the Sunda and Sahul shelves and its interaction with four tectonic plates.

Which tectonic plates are significant in shaping Indonesia's geological landscape?

Indonesia is located at the meeting point of four tectonic plates: the Eurasian plate, the Indo-Australian plate, the Pacific plate, and the Philippine plate. The three major plates significantly affect the country's geological conditions.

How does Indonesia's position on tectonic plates influence its environment?

Indonesia experiences many natural disasters, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, due to the meeting of tectonic plates. The active volcanoes around the plate boundaries also contribute to the country's fertile land and rich mineral resources.

What are the positive impacts of Indonesia's active volcanoes?

Active volcanoes in Indonesia result in fertile land, rich mineral resources, and beautiful tourist destinations, making the country ecologically and economically significant.

What are the two world mountain arc paths that traverse Indonesia?

Indonesia is traversed by two major mountain arc paths: the Circum-Pacific mountain belt, which encircles the Pacific Ocean, and the Circum-Mediterranean mountain belt, which starts in northern Africa and extends to the Maluku Islands.

How does Indonesia's geological location make it unique in terms of its size and natural resources?

Indonesia's geological location, being on two shallows and at the convergence of multiple tectonic plates, makes it vast and rich in natural resources. The country also benefits from various environmental features, such as fertile land and active volcanoes.