LUPUS, KENALI GEJALA & PENYAKITNYA - KATA DOKTER ARIO

Summary

In this informative video, Dr. Aryo Prabowo Putra, an internal medicine specialist, explains the complexities of Lupus, a serious autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks its own organs. He highlights the symptoms, such as fatigue, fever, and swollen lymph nodes, and discusses the potential for organ failure if not treated promptly. Although the exact cause is unknown, genetic factors and triggers like stress, infections, and sun exposure play a role. Early detection using specific diagnostic criteria is key to managing the disease and preventing life-threatening complications.

Takeaways

• 😀 Lupus is a complex autoimmune disease that affects various organs in the body.
• 😀 The immune system acts like the body’s defense army, attacking bacteria, viruses, and foreign bodies, but when it becomes overactive, it can attack normal organs, causing diseases like lupus.
• 😀 Lupus is influenced by genetic factors, but environmental triggers such as infections, hormonal imbalances, long-term use of antibiotics, stress, excessive physical activity, sun exposure, and smoking can also activate the disease.
• 😀 Symptoms of lupus vary widely depending on which organs are affected, and it can involve general symptoms like fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, and swollen lymph nodes.
• 😀 Lupus can lead to organ dysfunction, with failure of vital organs (like the heart and lungs) potentially leading to death if untreated.
• 😀 It is important to seek medical attention if lupus is suspected, as early intervention can improve outcomes.
• 😀 In 2018, diagnostic criteria for lupus were established by the European and American societies of rheumatology, with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98%, making the diagnosis highly reliable.
• 😀 Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms (like organ involvement) and laboratory tests, with a score system used to confirm the presence of lupus.
• 😀 A patient is diagnosed with lupus if they meet a score of 10 or more based on clinical and immunological criteria.
• 😀 Early diagnosis and treatment of lupus are crucial to prevent organ damage and improve the quality of life for affected individuals.

Q & A

What is Lupus?

Lupus is a complex autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks normal body tissues, affecting various organs from head to toe.

How does the immune system typically function in the body?

The immune system acts like an army, protecting the body from foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances by attacking and destroying them.

What happens when the immune system becomes overactive in Lupus?

In Lupus, the immune system becomes overly active and starts attacking healthy organs and tissues in the body, causing damage and dysfunction in those organs.

What factors contribute to the development of Lupus?

Lupus can be triggered by genetic predisposition and is influenced by factors like infections, hormonal imbalances, medications (e.g., long-term antibiotic use), stress (both mental and physical), excessive sun exposure, and environmental factors like cigarette smoke and free radicals.

What are some common symptoms of Lupus?

Symptoms of Lupus can include general discomfort, fever, loss of appetite, swollen lymph nodes, and more, depending on which organs are affected. It can have many varied symptoms.

What are the risks of Lupus if left untreated?

If left untreated, Lupus can lead to organ failure, especially in vital organs such as the heart and lungs, which can be fatal if the organs fail completely.

What are the diagnostic criteria for Lupus?

The diagnostic criteria for Lupus, according to the 2018 recommendations from the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), involves clinical symptoms and immunological tests. A patient must score 10 or more on a scale that includes both clinical signs and supporting laboratory tests.

What does a positive diagnosis of Lupus require based on the diagnostic criteria?

A positive diagnosis of Lupus requires the patient to meet certain clinical and immunological criteria, with a total score of at least 10 points from a combination of clinical signs (organ involvement) and immunological testing.

How accurate are the diagnostic criteria for Lupus?

The diagnostic criteria for Lupus have a high level of accuracy, with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 98%, making them highly reliable in diagnosing the disease.

What should someone do if they suspect they have Lupus?

If someone suspects they have Lupus, they should seek medical attention promptly for proper diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and management are key to preventing serious organ damage and complications.