VÍDEO AULA PRÁTICA OSSOS DE MEMBRO INFERIOR PARTE 1 - OSSOS DO QUADRIL

Summary

This practical video lesson provides an in-depth exploration of the bones of the lower limb, specifically the pelvic bones. It covers the anatomy of the hip bone, including the iliac, pubic, and ischial regions, and their key features such as the iliac crest, auricular surface, and the ischial tuberosity. The tutorial also explains how to identify the right and left pelvic bones, focusing on characteristics like the acetabulum, symphysis pubis, and the positioning of the iliac crest. The lesson concludes with practical tips on how to differentiate these bones based on anatomical orientation.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video lesson covers the bones of the lower limbs, focusing on the hip bones, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, and foot bones in four parts.
• 😀 The first part of the lesson is dedicated to understanding the hip bones, including how to identify whether the bones are from the right or left side.
• 😀 The hip bone is made up of three parts: the ilium (larger, upper part), the pubis (anterior part), and the ischium (posterior part). These parts fuse together during growth.
• 😀 The ilium features key anatomical landmarks, such as the iliac crest, iliac tuberosity, auricular surface, and the iliac fossa.
• 😀 The pubis and ischium, located anteriorly and posteriorly, respectively, have specific features like the pubic tubercle and ischial tuberosity.
• 😀 The acetabulum, a deep cavity in the hip, is where the femur head articulates. The acetabulum includes the acetabular fossa and a semilunar surface.
• 😀 To identify whether a hip bone is from the right or left side, observe the orientation of the acetabulum (it should face laterally), the pubic symphysis (facing anteriorly), and the iliac crest (superior position).
• 😀 The ischium has a prominent ischial spine and two sciatic notches: the greater sciatic notch and the lesser sciatic notch.
• 😀 The obturator foramen, located in the pelvis, is a large hole that is closed by a membrane in living beings, known as the obturator membrane.
• 😀 The tutorial emphasizes the importance of identifying specific anatomical features such as the iliac crest, the auricular surface, and the sciatic notches to distinguish the sides of the hip bones.

Q & A

What are the main parts of the lower limb bones discussed in this lesson?

The lesson is divided into four parts: 1) the bones of the hip, 2) the femur and patella, 3) the tibia and fibula, and 4) the bones of the foot.

What three bones make up the hip bone in an infant or child?

The three bones that make up the hip bone in an infant or child are the ilium, pubis, and ischium.

How do the bones of the hip ossify as a person grows?

The three bones (ilium, pubis, and ischium) are initially connected by cartilage. Over time, this cartilage ossifies and the three bones fuse to form a single adult hip bone.

What is the significance of the auricular surface on the ilium?

The auricular surface on the ilium articulates with the sacrum, forming part of the sacroiliac joint, which connects the pelvis to the spine.

What is the iliac crest and where is it located?

The iliac crest is the superior border of the ilium. It runs from the anterior to the posterior part of the ilium and is the most prominent part of the pelvis.

What is the function of the tuberosity of the ilium?

The tuberosity of the ilium is an area that provides attachment for muscles, including those involved in movement and stabilization of the pelvis.

What is the significance of the ischial tuberosity?

The ischial tuberosity is the part of the pelvis that we sit on. It is a rough, bony prominence that bears weight when seated.

What is the role of the acetabulum in the pelvic structure?

The acetabulum is a deep cavity in the pelvis where the head of the femur (thigh bone) fits, forming the hip joint. It allows for a wide range of motion in the leg.

What is the difference between the greater and lesser sciatic notches?

The greater sciatic notch is a large indentation in the ilium, just below the posterior inferior iliac spine, allowing passage for nerves and blood vessels. The lesser sciatic notch is smaller and located below the greater notch, also allowing passage for certain structures.

How can you determine whether a pelvic bone is from the right or left side of the body?

To determine if a pelvic bone is from the right or left side, check the position of the acetabulum (which should face outward, laterally), the symphysis pubis (which should face medially), and the iliac crest (which is superior). The acetabulum and the iliac crest are key indicators.