Tugas Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X-10 tentang Biografi Tokoh Indonesia

Summary

Muhammad Hatta, a key figure in Indonesia's independence struggle, became the country’s first vice president. Born on August 12, 1902, in Bukittinggi, he came from a scholarly family. After completing his early education in Padang, he studied economics in the Netherlands. While studying abroad, Hatta became involved in nationalist movements and organizations. He was later arrested and exiled by the Dutch for his activities. After Japan's defeat of the Netherlands, he became a central figure in Indonesia’s independence, contributing to the declaration of independence on August 17, 1945, alongside Soekarno.

Takeaways

• 😀 Muhammad Hatta was a key figure in Indonesia's independence struggle and served as the first vice president of Indonesia.
• 😀 Hatta was born in Bukittinggi on August 12, 1902, during Indonesia's colonial period under Dutch rule.
• 😀 His father, Muhammad Jamil, was a descendant of an ulama from Payakumbuh, while his mother, Siti Salehah, hailed from a merchant family in Bukittinggi.
• 😀 Hatta started his education at a Malay school at the age of 11 in 1913.
• 😀 In 1915, at the age of 13, Hatta passed the entrance exam for Horge Burges School, a school equivalent to high school in Jakarta, but his mother preferred he stayed in Padang due to his young age.
• 😀 Hatta continued his education in Padang and graduated in 1919, later pursuing economics at the Netherlands Handelshogeschool in Rotterdam, which is now part of Erasmus University.
• 😀 Hatta joined the Indonesian student organization Indische Studenten Club (Indisep Fgening) in the Netherlands, which later evolved into a political movement due to rising nationalist sentiments among Indonesian students.
• 😀 In 1932, Hatta returned to Indonesia and joined the National Indonesian Education Club, but he was soon arrested by the Dutch due to his involvement in nationalist activities.
• 😀 Hatta was exiled by the Dutch to Boven Digoel in Irian Barat (West Papua) and then to Banda Niera in the Maluku Islands for six years, before being released on March 9, 1942.
• 😀 After the Japanese took control of Indonesia, Hatta, along with Sukarno, Ki Hajar Dewantara, and Mohammad Mansur, became a leader of the Pusat Tenaga Rakyat (Putra) movement, which aimed at preparing for Indonesia's independence.
• 😀 On August 17, 1945, Hatta, alongside Sukarno, declared Indonesia's independence and became the first vice president of Indonesia.

Q & A

Who was Muhammad Hatta and what role did he play in Indonesia's independence?

Muhammad Hatta was an important figure in Indonesia's independence movement. He was the first Vice President of Indonesia and played a crucial role in the country's fight for freedom, contributing not only as a leader but also as one of the nation's greatest thinkers.

When and where was Muhammad Hatta born?

Muhammad Hatta was born on August 12, 1902, in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia.

What were the backgrounds of Muhammad Hatta's parents?

Muhammad Hatta's father, Muhammad Jamil, was a descendant of the Naksyabandiah ulama in Payakumbuh, West Sumatra. His mother, Siti Salehah, came from a merchant family in Bukittinggi.

How did Muhammad Hatta begin his education, and what challenges did he face early on?

At the age of 11, Hatta began his primary education at a Malay school in 1913. Despite passing the entrance exam for a high school in Jakarta, his mother wanted him to stay in Padang due to his young age. As a result, he continued his studies in Padang until 1919.

Where did Muhammad Hatta continue his education after his time in Padang?

Muhammad Hatta continued his studies in Rotterdam, Netherlands, where he studied economics at the Netherland Henderland Schol School, which is now part of Erasmus University.

What organization did Hatta join while studying in the Netherlands?

While in the Netherlands, Hatta became involved with the Indische Studie Club, an organization founded in 1908 for Indonesian students. Over time, it evolved into a political movement as Indonesian students became more nationalistic.

What event led to Hatta's arrest by the Dutch authorities?

Muhammad Hatta was arrested by the Dutch due to his involvement in the National Educational Club of Indonesia, which was a part of his political activities aimed at gaining independence for Indonesia.

Where was Hatta exiled after his arrest, and for how long was he held in exile?

After his arrest, Hatta was exiled to Boven Digoel in Papua (Western New Guinea) and later moved to Banda Neira in Maluku, where he remained for six years before being released on March 9, 1942.

How did Muhammad Hatta contribute to the independence movement after his release in 1942?

After his release, Hatta, alongside Soekarno, Ki Hajar Dewantara, and Moh. Mansur, became leaders of the Central Indonesian People's Power (Putra) during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia.

What significant role did Muhammad Hatta play in Indonesia's independence in 1945?

On August 7, 1945, Muhammad Hatta was appointed as the vice chairman of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI). He was a key figure in the proclamation of Indonesia's independence on August 17, 1945, and became Indonesia's first Vice President.