O que é Verbo (Tudo sobre Verbos) – AULA 2

Summary

In this educational video, Professor Alice explains various aspects of verbs in the Portuguese language. She covers conjugations, verb types (regular, irregular, and anomalous), as well as verb tenses. The video introduces nominal forms of verbs, such as infinitive, gerund, and participle, and explains their differences, including impersonal and personal infinitives. Additionally, it addresses defective verbs and the concept of voices in verbs, including active, passive, and reflexive voices. The lesson aims to simplify verb conjugation and encourages viewers to revisit earlier lessons for a better understanding.

Takeaways

• 😀 Verbs have three nominal forms: infinitive, gerund, and participle. Each form has specific functions in a sentence.
• 😀 The infinitive is used without conjugation, and it can be impersonal (without a subject) or personal (with a subject).
• 😀 Verbs ending in 'ar', 'er', and 'ir' belong to the first, second, and third conjugations, respectively.
• 😀 The gerund expresses an ongoing action and ends in 'ndo', e.g., 'amando', 'indo'.
• 😀 The participle conveys the idea of completion or finalization, e.g., 'apaixonado' (in love), 'chegado' (arrived).
• 😀 Irregular verbs like 'ser' (to be) and 'ir' (to go) have different conjugations, which must be identified based on context.
• 😀 Some verbs are considered 'abundant', meaning they have multiple forms in the participle, e.g., 'ganhado' (gained) vs. 'ganham' (gained).
• 😀 Defective verbs do not have full conjugation in all tenses, e.g., 'colorir' (to color) has no conjugation in the first person singular of the present indicative.
• 😀 There are three main verb voices: active (subject performs the action), passive (subject receives the action), and reflexive (subject performs the action on itself).
• 😀 Reflexive verbs can also express reciprocal actions, where two subjects share the action, e.g., 'nos encontraremos' (we will meet).

Q & A

What is the main focus of the lesson in this video?

The main focus of the lesson is to explain the different forms and conjugations of verbs in Portuguese, including the infinitive, gerund, and past participle, as well as an introduction to defective, abundant, and anomalous verbs.

What are the three main forms of a verb in Portuguese?

The three main forms of a verb in Portuguese are the infinitive, gerund, and past participle.

How is the infinitive form of a verb characterized in Portuguese?

The infinitive form of a verb in Portuguese ends in -r and is not conjugated, representing the verb as a noun. It can be used in three conjugations: -ar, -er, and -ir.

What is the difference between the impersonal and personal infinitive in Portuguese?

The impersonal infinitive does not relate to any subject and expresses an action by itself, while the personal infinitive involves a subject and is used to indicate who is performing the action.

What is the gerund form of a verb used for in Portuguese?

The gerund form expresses an ongoing action, often ending in -ndo, such as 'amando' (loving), 'comemorando' (celebrating), or 'indo' (going).

How is the past participle used in Portuguese?

The past participle is used to express completed actions or states. It typically ends in -do and is used with auxiliary verbs like 'ter' (to have) or 'estar' (to be), for example, 'chegado' (arrived) or 'apaixonado' (in love).

What are anomalous verbs, and can you give an example?

Anomalous verbs are irregular verbs that undergo changes in their conjugation forms. An example is the verb 'ser' (to be) and 'ir' (to go), where their forms in the preterite are different depending on the context.

What does it mean when a verb is described as 'abundant' in Portuguese?

An abundant verb has more than one possible past participle form, such as 'ganhar' (to win), where the regular past participle is 'ganhado' and the irregular one is 'ganhado.'

What are defective verbs, and why are they considered so?

Defective verbs are verbs that lack certain conjugation forms. For example, 'colorir' (to color) cannot be conjugated in the first person singular in the present indicative, so it is replaced by the gerund form, 'estou colorindo' (I am coloring).

What are the three main voices in Portuguese verbs, and how do they differ?

The three main voices in Portuguese verbs are the active voice (where the subject performs the action), the passive voice (where the subject receives the action), and the reflexive voice (where the subject performs the action on itself). For example, 'Fábio comeu a melancia' (active), 'A melancia foi comida pelo Fábio' (passive), and 'Fábio se feriu' (reflexive).