On Writing: hard magic systems in fantasy [ Avatar l Fullmetal Alchemist l Mistborn ]

Summary

In this video, the creator discusses the difference between Hard and Soft magic systems in fantasy writing. Soft magic systems are vague and mysterious, allowing for unpredictable outcomes, while Hard magic systems are governed by strict rules, limitations, and costs. The video delves into the key aspects of designing a Hard magic system, emphasizing predictability, limitations, costs, and weaknesses. Examples from *Fullmetal Alchemist*, *Avatar: The Last Airbender*, and *Harry Potter* are used to illustrate these concepts. The creator also shares tips on creating a unique and engaging magic system that adds depth to the story and characters.

Takeaways

• 😀 Fantasy stories are known for elements like prophecies, chosen ones, and mythical races, but magic is the defining feature that sets the genre apart.
• 😀 The key distinction between Soft and Hard magic systems lies in how clearly defined the rules and limitations are for using magic.
• 😀 Soft magic systems have vague and mysterious rules, like Gandalf's powers in *The Lord of the Rings*, where the limits of his magic are unclear.
• 😀 Hard magic systems have specific rules, consequences, and limitations that govern magic, allowing for predictable and satisfying conflict resolution.
• 😀 An example of a Hard magic system is *Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood*, where alchemy is governed by strict principles like the Law of Equivalent Exchange.
• 😀 Sanderson’s First Rule of Magic emphasizes the importance of setting clear rules in Hard magic systems so that magic doesn't feel like a convenient, unearned solution.
• 😀 In a Hard magic system, readers can predict how magic works, making it more immersive as they anticipate the characters' use of magic to solve problems.
• 😀 *Avatar: The Last Airbender* is often cited as a relatively Hard magic system, where bending powers have defined rules but still allow for occasional surprises.
• 😀 When designing a Hard magic system, make the consequences of magic predictable, ensuring that any unpredictable outcomes are due to user mistakes or ignorance.
• 😀 Magic systems often rely on limitations, weaknesses, or costs, such as the requirement of specific materials or the toll magic takes on the user’s energy or physical state.
• 😀 A unique cost in a magic system can create fascinating story dynamics, such as the toll Beric Dondarrion faces from being brought back to life repeatedly in *A Song of Ice and Fire*.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video primarily focuses on the differences between Hard and Soft magic systems in fantasy stories, with a deep dive into Hard magic systems.

What are Hard and Soft magic systems?

Soft magic systems have vague, undefined rules and limitations, while Hard magic systems have clearly defined rules, consequences, and limitations that govern the use of magic.

What is the importance of a magic system in fantasy stories?

A well-designed magic system helps set fantasy stories apart, providing unique ways to solve problems, create conflict, and engage readers by ensuring predictability and consistency.

What is Brandon Sanderson's role in the discussion of Hard and Soft magic systems?

Brandon Sanderson is credited with popularizing the terms 'Hard' and 'Soft' magic systems and has written essays on the topic, which influence how these systems are understood and designed.

How does Gandalf's magic in 'The Lord of the Rings' represent a Soft magic system?

Gandalf's magic in 'The Lord of the Rings' is mysterious, with little explanation of its limitations, which exemplifies the vagueness typical of Soft magic systems.

What is the role of predictability in Hard magic systems?

In Hard magic systems, predictability is crucial, as readers should understand the rules of magic and be able to anticipate how characters will use it to solve problems or face challenges.

Can you give an example of a Hard magic system in an anime?

An example of a Hard magic system in anime is 'Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood', where alchemy is strictly governed by the Law of Equivalent Exchange, ensuring clear rules and limitations.

What is the significance of Sanderson's First Rule of Magic?

Sanderson's First Rule of Magic emphasizes that in Hard magic systems, the limitations and capabilities of magic must be clear to the reader so that the resolution of conflicts feels satisfying and earned, not just a random deus ex machina.

How does magic exhaustion play a role in the dynamics of a story?

Magic exhaustion is often used to separate powerful characters from weaker ones, and it can serve as a cost for using magic, adding tension and consequences, as seen in series like 'The Wheel of Time' and 'The Inheritance Cycle'.

What are some common limitations or costs of magic in Hard magic systems?

Common limitations include restrictions based on strength, training, or environmental factors, while common costs include bodily energy, specific materials, or sacrifices, such as in 'Fullmetal Alchemist' and 'Harry Potter'.