FINDING PERCENTAGE, RATE, & BASE | GRADE 6

Summary

In this lesson, students learn how to find the percentage, rate, and base in problems involving percentages. Using a practical example of a sale, the instructor explains how to calculate discounts and percentages. The video demonstrates the use of formulas to find the missing terms: percentage (P = R × B), rate (R = P ÷ B), and base (B = P ÷ R). Additionally, it explains how to convert percentages into decimals and solve problems involving percentages of given amounts, helping students grasp key mathematical concepts related to percentages and their application.

Takeaways

• 😀 Percentages are parts or portions of a whole, and are usually expressed as a number followed by the percent sign.
• 😀 The base is the total or original value from which the percentage is calculated.
• 😀 The rate is the percentage itself, typically shown with a percent sign (%).
• 😀 To find the percentage: P = R × B (Multiply the rate by the base).
• 😀 To find the rate: R = P ÷ B (Divide the percentage by the base).
• 😀 To find the base: B = P ÷ R (Divide the percentage by the rate).
• 😀 Use the triangle method to help visualize the formulas for percentage, rate, and base.
• 😀 The word 'of' in percentage problems means multiplication, and 'is' means equality.
• 😀 Always convert percentages into decimals before performing calculations by moving the decimal point two places to the left.
• 😀 Practice problems involve identifying the rate, base, and percentage, then applying the formulas to solve for the missing value.
• 😀 The formula for percentage problems can be remembered using a simple triangle that helps determine which value (P, R, or B) to calculate.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the lesson in the transcript?

The main focus of the lesson is learning how to find the percentage, rate, or base in a given problem and solving problems involving percentage calculations.

How is the discount of 50 pesos calculated in the example given?

The discount is calculated by finding 50% of the original price of 500 pesos, which is half of 500, or 250 pesos.

What are the three key terms used in percentage problems, and how are they defined?

The three key terms are: rate (percentage, represented by the percentage sign), base (the original amount or total), and percentage (the portion of the base).

How does the script explain the mathematical relationship between rate, base, and percentage?

The script explains that 'of' represents multiplication, and 'is' represents equality. The formula for calculating the percentage is: Percentage = Rate × Base.

What formula is used to find the percentage, and how is it represented in the triangle diagram?

The formula to find the percentage is P = R × B, where P is the percentage, R is the rate, and B is the base. In the triangle diagram, covering the letter P gives R × B.

How do you convert a percentage to a decimal in the examples provided?

To convert a percentage to a decimal, the script explains that you move the decimal point two places to the left. For example, 20% becomes 0.20.

In the example 'What is 20% of 300?', how do we calculate the percentage?

To calculate 20% of 300, first convert 20% to 0.20, then multiply 0.20 by 300, resulting in 60.

What is the procedure for finding the rate in a problem, as shown in the example 'What percent of 24 is 12?'

To find the rate, the script advises dividing the percentage (12) by the base (24). In this case, 12 ÷ 24 equals 0.50, which is then converted to 50%.

How is the base determined in the example 'What is 15% of 75?'

To find the base, the script shows that the formula B = P ÷ R is used. In this case, 15 ÷ 0.20 (since 20% is 0.20 in decimal form) gives a base of 75.

What role does the 'triangle method' play in solving percentage problems?

The triangle method helps visualize the relationship between percentage, rate, and base. By covering the letter corresponding to the missing term, you can easily identify which formula to use.