PLURAL DE SUBSTANTIVOS COMPOSTOS | Resumo de Português para o Enem

Summary

This video provides a detailed lesson on the rules for forming plurals of compound nouns in Portuguese, focusing on four main rules. The first rule covers noun-adjective combinations where both elements take the plural form. The second rule applies to noun-noun combinations, where only the first noun is pluralized. The third rule involves verbs within compound nouns, where the verb stays singular. The fourth rule addresses preposition-based compounds, where only the noun before the preposition changes to plural. The video emphasizes the importance of these rules for exams like ENEM, with examples to help learners improve their language skills.

Takeaways

• 😀 The plural of 'álcool gel' follows a specific rule in compound nouns and is important for ENEM preparation.
• 😀 Rule 1: In compound nouns with an adjective and a noun (e.g., 'cachorro quente'), both words change to plural.
• 😀 Examples of Rule 1: 'Cachorro quente' becomes 'cachorros-quentes' and 'terça-feira' becomes 'terças-feiras'.
• 😀 Rule 2: When a compound noun consists of two nouns, only the first noun changes to plural (e.g., 'álcool gel').
• 😀 Examples of Rule 2: 'Álcool gel' becomes 'álcoois gel' and 'palavra-chave' becomes 'palavras-chave'.
• 😀 Rule 3: When a verb is part of the compound noun (e.g., 'beija-flor'), the verb does not change to plural, only the noun does.
• 😀 Examples of Rule 3: 'Beija-flor' becomes 'beija-flores' and 'guarda-sol' becomes 'guarda-sóis'.
• 😀 Rule 4: When a compound noun contains a preposition, only the first word goes to plural, the preposition and second noun remain singular.
• 😀 Examples of Rule 4: 'Pôr do sol' becomes 'pores-do-sol' and 'pé-de-moleque' becomes 'pés-de-moleque'.
• 😀 The first rule (adjective + noun) is the most commonly used and applies to over 80% of compound nouns.
• 😀 After the orthographic reform, some compound nouns lost their hyphen, but the plural rules remain the same.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video transcript?

The video discusses the rules for forming the plural of compound nouns in Portuguese, providing specific examples and detailed explanations of how to handle these plurals.

What is Rule 1 for pluralizing compound nouns in Portuguese?

Rule 1 states that when a compound noun consists of a noun and an adjective (or two nouns), both elements of the compound go to plural. For example, *cachorro quente* becomes *cachorros-quentes*.

Can you give an example of Rule 1 where both parts of the compound noun change to plural?

Yes, *cachorro quente* becomes *cachorros-quentes* and *terça-feira* becomes *terças-feiras*. Both parts of the compound noun are pluralized.

What does Rule 2 specify about the pluralization of compound nouns?

Rule 2 specifies that in some cases where the compound noun is made up of only nouns, only the first element changes to plural, while the second element stays in singular. Examples include *álcool gel* (stays *álcool gel*) and *célula-tronco* (becomes *células-tronco*).

What is an example of a compound noun where only the first element changes to plural?

An example is *palavra-chave*, which becomes *palavras-chave* where only *palavra* changes to plural.

What does Rule 3 explain about compound nouns that involve verbs?

Rule 3 explains that when a verb is part of a compound noun, the verb remains in singular form, and only the second part of the compound noun is pluralized. For example, *beija-flor* becomes *beija-flores*.

How does Rule 3 affect the pluralization of the compound noun *beija-flor*?

According to Rule 3, *beija-flor* becomes *beija-flores* because the verb *beija* does not change to plural, only *flor* changes.

What is the rule for pluralizing compound nouns that contain a preposition in the middle?

Rule 4 explains that when a compound noun contains a preposition (such as *de* or *do*) in the middle, only the word before the preposition is pluralized. For example, *pôr do sol* becomes *pores-do-sol*.

Can you provide an example where a preposition in a compound noun affects pluralization?

Yes, *mão de obra* becomes *mãos-de-obra*. The preposition *de* does not change, and only *mão* changes to plural.

Which rule is considered the most important in this explanation of compound nouns?

Rule 1 is considered the most important, as it applies to the majority of compound nouns in Portuguese, where both parts of the noun are pluralized.