Warta Warisan Budaya: "Candi Gebang".

Summary

In this episode of 'Warta Warisan Budaya,' host Rena Arum explores the fascinating history and significance of Candi Gebang, a Hindu temple in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Joined by archaeologist Pak Andi, they discuss the temple's discovery, its unique architectural features, and its cultural relevance. Candi Gebang, which dates back to the early 8th century, reflects classical Hindu-Buddhist influences and is a key example of Indonesia's rich cultural heritage. The conversation delves into its design, sacred symbolism, and the importance of preserving such historical sites for future generations. A must-watch for those interested in archaeology and cultural preservation.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Candi Gebang is located in Dusun Gebang, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
• 😀 The discovery of Candi Gebang's components in 1936 led to a restoration effort, culminating in its current form around 1919.
• 😀 The exact builder of Candi Gebang is unknown, as no inscriptions were found, but it is believed to date back to the early 8th century, during the classical Hindu-Buddhist period.
• 😀 The style of Candi Gebang shows significant Hindu influences, with key features such as the Lingga and Yoni, which represent the deity Shiva and his feminine counterpart.
• 😀 The temple is oriented to the east, following a common pattern in Indonesian Hindu temples, where the entrance faces either east or west.
• 😀 Uniquely, Candi Gebang does not feature stone stairs, possibly indicating the use of wooden stairs for access in the past.
• 😀 The temple contains statues of Hindu deities, such as Ganesh, with a distinctive feature of Ganesh being placed on a Yoni pedestal.
• 😀 The absence of certain statues, such as Durga or Agastya, is noted, although it is likely that these were once present but have since been lost.
• 😀 Lingga Patok stones found at Candi Gebang act as boundary markers for sacred or protected land, associated with the temple’s ritual use.
• 😀 Candi Gebang is a valuable cultural heritage site, offering insights into ancient Hindu practices, religious structures, and the construction methods of its time.

Q & A

What is the historical significance of Candi Gebang?

Candi Gebang is a significant historical site as it dates back to the early 8th century, representing the early period of Hindu influence in Indonesia, particularly in Central Java and the Yogyakarta area. It is a material testament to the spread of Hinduism during the classical period.

Why was the restoration of Candi Gebang necessary?

The restoration was necessary because Candi Gebang was originally found in ruins. In 1936, the site was reported to authorities, and by 1919, efforts were made to restore the temple, reconstructing it into its current form.

What is the main religious affiliation of Candi Gebang?

Candi Gebang is a Hindu temple, as evidenced by its design, which includes elements such as the Yoni-Lingga, which is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva.

What does the term 'Lingga Patok' refer to in the context of Candi Gebang?

The 'Lingga Patok' is a stone marker found at Candi Gebang, which serves as a boundary marker for sacred areas. These markers are used to demarcate areas, such as the land surrounding a temple, and signify land that is exempt from taxes.

What is unique about the statue of Ganesa at Candi Gebang?

The statue of Ganesa at Candi Gebang is unique because it is placed on a Yoni pedestal, which is not commonly found in other temples. This placement suggests special reverence for the deity Ganesa in this particular temple.

What does the architectural style of Candi Gebang reflect?

Candi Gebang’s architectural style is influenced by South Indian architecture, particularly evident in its multi-tiered roof structure. This style, common in temples from South India, is also seen in other temples across Central Java.

Why do most temples in Java face either east or west?

Most temples in Java face either east or west because these directions hold religious significance in Hinduism, where the temple's orientation is linked to celestial movements and the deities it honors.

How does Candi Gebang contribute to the understanding of ancient Hinduism in Indonesia?

Candi Gebang contributes by providing material evidence of Hindu practices in Indonesia. The artifacts, such as the Lingga-Yoni and statues of Hindu deities, are direct links to the religious practices of the time.

What is the role of Candi Gebang in strengthening the national identity of Indonesia?

Candi Gebang plays a key role in strengthening Indonesia's national identity by serving as a cultural and historical landmark. It embodies the nation’s rich cultural heritage, inspiring pride, national unity, and a deeper connection to the country’s history.

What should modern generations learn from Candi Gebang and other cultural heritage sites?

Modern generations should learn the importance of preserving cultural heritage, as sites like Candi Gebang offer insights into Indonesia's diverse history and traditions. By understanding and respecting these sites, we can ensure that they are protected and celebrated for future generations.