Ahli Waris

Summary

This video explains the Islamic inheritance system, focusing on the divisions of inheritance as prescribed in Surah An-Nisa (verses 11-12). It details the shares of heirs such as wives, husbands, daughters, fathers, mothers, and siblings based on their relationship to the deceased. The system categorizes heirs into two groups: fixed heirs ('Dzawil Furudh') who receive specific portions, and residual heirs ('Asobah') who inherit the remainder. The video provides a comprehensive breakdown of how shares are distributed, emphasizing fairness and clarity in the distribution of wealth according to Islamic law.

Takeaways

• 😀 The distribution of inheritance must follow the rules of Islamic law, as described in Surah An-Nisa (4:11-12).
• 😀 The concept of *dzawil furudh* refers to heirs who receive fixed shares of the inheritance as outlined in the Quran.
• 😀 Spouses inherit based on whether the deceased has children or grandchildren. A wife receives 1/4 if there are no children and 1/8 if there are children or grandchildren.
• 😀 A husband inherits 1/2 if there are no children, but only 1/4 if the wife leaves children or grandchildren.
• 😀 A daughter inherits 1/2 if she is the only child, but 2/3 if there are only daughters (no sons). If there are both sons and daughters, the inheritance is divided in a 2:1 ratio, favoring sons.
• 😀 Sons are considered *asobah* heirs and inherit the residual portion of the estate after fixed shares have been allocated to others.
• 😀 A father receives 1/6 of the inheritance if there are no sons or grandsons, but he becomes an *asobah* heir if there are sons or grandsons, inheriting the remaining estate.
• 😀 A mother inherits 1/3 if there are no children, but only 1/6 if the deceased has children or grandchildren.
• 😀 Full siblings inherit 1/2 if they are the only siblings, and 2/3 if there are two or more sisters with no brothers. Brothers and sisters share the inheritance in a 2:1 ratio.
• 😀 Half-siblings (same mother) inherit 1/6 if there is only one half-sibling. If there are two or more half-siblings, they share 1/3 of the inheritance.
• 😀 *Asobah* heirs, such as sons and certain siblings, receive the remaining inheritance after the fixed shares (*dzawil furudh*) are distributed.

Q & A

What is the source of the inheritance rules discussed in the video?

The inheritance rules are based on the teachings of Surah An-Nisa (4:11-12) from the Quran, which outlines the shares of various heirs in Islamic law.

Who are considered the 'dzawil furudh' in Islamic inheritance?

'Dzawil furudh' refers to heirs who receive a fixed share of the inheritance, as specified by Allah in the Quran. These include spouses, children, parents, and others mentioned in the verses.

How much inheritance does a wife receive if her husband leaves no children?

If the husband leaves no children, the wife receives one-quarter (1/4) of the inheritance.

What is the inheritance share of a wife if the husband leaves children?

If the husband leaves children, the wife receives one-eighth (1/8) of the inheritance.

How much inheritance does a husband receive if his wife leaves no children?

If the wife leaves no children, the husband receives one-half (1/2) of the inheritance.

What is the share of a husband if his wife leaves children?

If the wife leaves children, the husband receives one-quarter (1/4) of the inheritance.

How is the inheritance share of a daughter determined if she has no siblings?

If a daughter has no siblings, she receives one-half (1/2) of the inheritance.

What happens to the inheritance share of a daughter if she has brothers?

If a daughter has brothers, the inheritance is divided between the sons and daughters, with the male heirs receiving twice the share of the female heirs.

What is the inheritance share for a father if he has sons or grandsons?

If the father has sons or grandsons, he receives one-sixth (1/6) of the inheritance.

What happens to a father's inheritance share if he has no sons or grandsons?

If the father has no sons or grandsons, he will receive the remainder of the inheritance after the fixed shares have been distributed, known as 'asobah'.

What is the inheritance share for a mother if she has no children?

If the mother has no children, she receives one-third (1/3) of the inheritance.

What is the inheritance share for a mother if she has children?

If the mother has children, she receives one-sixth (1/6) of the inheritance.

What share does a sibling receive if they are the only sibling of the deceased?

If a sibling is the only surviving sibling of the deceased, they will receive one-sixth (1/6) of the inheritance.

What happens when there are multiple siblings from the same mother?

If there are two or more siblings from the same mother, they will share one-third (1/3) of the inheritance.

How is inheritance divided between full siblings (both parents) and half-siblings?

Full siblings (same father and mother) inherit according to the fixed shares, while half-siblings (same father or mother) have different shares depending on their relationship and the number of other heirs.

What does 'asobah' refer to in Islamic inheritance?

'Asobah' refers to the heirs who receive the remaining share of the inheritance after the fixed shares ('dzawil furudh') have been distributed. These include male descendants and other closer relatives.