Solute, Solvent and Solution | Chemistry

Summary

The video explains the concepts of solutes, solvents, and solutions using simple examples. It illustrates how substances like salt and sugar dissolve in water to form homogeneous mixtures, while insoluble substances like sand create heterogeneous mixtures. Key definitions clarify that solutes are present in smaller amounts and solvents in larger amounts. The video also highlights common solutions such as cold drinks and smoke in the air. Additionally, it discusses why water is considered a universal solvent, emphasizing its ability to dissolve many substances, particularly polar solutes.

Takeaways

• 😀 A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
• 😀 Salt and sugar dissolve in water, forming homogeneous mixtures, while sand does not.
• 😀 Homogeneous mixtures have a uniform composition and invisible particles to the naked eye.
• 😀 Heterogeneous mixtures have non-uniform composition, allowing visible particles.
• 😀 Common examples of solutions include cold drinks, clouds, smoke, and alcohol in water.
• 😀 In a solution, the solute is the substance in a smaller amount, while the solvent is in a larger amount.
• 😀 Water acts as a universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve many substances.
• 😀 Polar substances dissolve well in water, while non-polar substances do not.
• 😀 Acetic acid in vinegar and sugar in milk are examples of solutes and solvents.
• 😀 Understanding the concepts of solutes, solvents, and solutions is fundamental to chemistry.

Q & A

What is a solution?

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the components are uniformly distributed.

Can you give an example of a homogeneous mixture?

Yes, an example is salt dissolved in water, where the salt completely dissolves and cannot be seen.

What distinguishes a heterogeneous mixture from a homogeneous mixture?

In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are not uniformly distributed, and individual particles can be seen, such as sand in water.

What is a solute?

A solute is the component of a solution that is present in a smaller amount and is dissolved in the solvent.

What is a solvent?

A solvent is the component of a solution that is present in a larger amount and does the dissolving.

In a salt solution, which is the solute and which is the solvent?

In a salt solution, salt is the solute because it is in a smaller amount, and water is the solvent because it is in a larger amount.

What are some common examples of solutions?

Examples include cold drinks, clouds, smoke in air, and alcohol mixed with water.

Why is water referred to as the universal solvent?

Water is called the universal solvent because it can dissolve a wide range of substances, especially polar solutes.

Are non-polar substances soluble in water?

No, non-polar substances do not dissolve in water.

What happens to sugar when added to water?

Sugar dissolves in water, forming a homogeneous mixture similar to salt in water.