Manajemen Mual dan Muntah Non Farmakologi Pada Pasien Program Kemoterapi

Summary

The video discusses non-pharmacological management of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapy, used to kill cancer cells, often causes side effects like nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and more. The video explains types of chemotherapy-induced nausea, including acute, delayed, and anticipatory. It also highlights natural methods for managing nausea, such as peppermint aromatherapy, acupressure on points like P6 (on the wrist) and ST36 (below the knee), which help alleviate nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain. These methods provide an alternative approach to support patients during chemotherapy treatment.

Takeaways

• 💊 Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that works by killing cancer cells through various mechanisms, but it can have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, constipation, and diarrhea.
• 🤢 Nausea is an uncomfortable sensation felt in the throat and epigastrium, which can lead to vomiting, the expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.
• ⏳ Post-chemotherapy nausea and vomiting can be classified into three types: acute (within 24 hours after chemotherapy), delayed (occurs after 24 hours and lasts 5-7 days), and anticipatory (occurs before chemotherapy).
• 🌿 Non-pharmacological management for nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients includes aromatherapy using peppermint oil, which contains 35-45% menthol and 10-30% menthone.
• 🌀 Peppermint oil can be applied between the upper lip and nose or on the philtrum three times a day, with one drop mixed with aromatics, for five days after chemotherapy.
• 👆 Acupressure on the P6 point (three fingers below the wrist) can help manage nausea and vomiting by pressing with the thumb for three minutes during episodes of nausea.
• 🦵 Acupressure on the ST36 point (four fingers below the knee and one finger width beside the shinbone) helps alleviate stomach-related conditions such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric pain.
• 🕰 Acute nausea and vomiting peaks 5-6 hours after chemotherapy administration and can be managed with timely interventions.
• 💼 Integrating both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches is crucial for comprehensive nausea and vomiting management in chemotherapy patients.
• 🎯 Non-invasive methods like aromatherapy and acupressure offer supportive relief and can be practiced at home by patients.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of chemotherapy?

The primary purpose of chemotherapy is to treat cancer by using drugs that kill cancer cells, inhibit their proliferation, and destroy them through various mechanisms.

What are some common side effects of chemotherapy?

Common side effects of chemotherapy include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, mouth sores, and skin redness.

How is nausea described in the context of chemotherapy?

Nausea is described as an uncomfortable sensation felt in the throat and epigastrium, which can lead to vomiting.

What are the different classifications of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be classified as acute (occurring within the first 24 hours, peaking at 5-6 hours post-treatment), delayed (occurring after 24 hours and lasting up to 5-7 days), and anticipatory (occurring before chemotherapy is administered).

What non-pharmacological methods can be used to manage nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients?

Non-pharmacological methods include aromatherapy (using peppermint oil), acupressure on specific points like P6 and ST36, and applying peppermint oil under the nose or on the philtrum.

How does peppermint oil help manage chemotherapy-induced nausea?

Peppermint oil contains menthol (35-45%) and menthone (10-30%), which have anti-nausea and antispasmodic properties. It can be used through inhalation or applied under the nose to help relieve nausea.

How should peppermint oil be used after chemotherapy to manage nausea?

Peppermint oil can be applied as one drop between the upper lip and the nose or on the philtrum three times a day for five days after chemotherapy.

What is the P6 acupressure point, and how is it used to manage nausea?

The P6 point is located three fingers below the wrist on the opposite hand. Acupressure is applied using the thumb for 3 minutes whenever nausea is felt, for five days post-chemotherapy.

What is the ST36 acupressure point, and what symptoms does it help alleviate?

The ST36 point is located three cun (about four fingers) below the knee and one cun (one finger) below the shinbone. It helps relieve nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric pain.

What is the benefit of combining aromatherapy and acupressure for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea?

Combining aromatherapy (e.g., peppermint oil) with acupressure (on points like P6 and ST36) provides a holistic approach, targeting both the sensory and physical aspects of nausea to offer better symptom relief.