Topic 4: Art from the Region
Summary
TLDRThis pre-recorded lecture for English 103 discusses regional Filipino art and its significance. The lecturer explores the works of prominent artists like Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hernando Ocampo, examining what makes their art distinctively Filipino. The discussion also touches on the concepts of genre and style, the importance of recognizing regional art, and the influence of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage. The lecture ends with reflective questions on the role of regional art in fostering nationalism and challenging Manila-centric views on Filipino art.
Takeaways
- 🎨 The lecture focuses on Philippine art, particularly regional art, and its significance.
- 📚 The objectives include understanding what makes certain art pieces Filipino and the role of genre and style in defining art.
- 🇵🇭 The paintings of Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hernando Ocampo are examined as examples of Filipino art.
- 🖼️ Genre refers to the category of art defined by similarities in form, style, and subject matter, while style refers to the distinctive way an artist expresses their ideas.
- 🌾 Amorsolo’s work is celebrated for its depictions of Filipino culture, countryside, and farming practices.
- 🏛️ Carlos Francisco is known for his focus on heroic, epic themes, often portraying historical and mythological events.
- 🌀 Ocampo’s style, influenced by Western movements like cubism and surrealism, is considered Filipino because it was adapted to reflect Filipino identity.
- 🌍 Regional art is described as a reflection of local identity, traditions, and geography, contributing to cultural heritage.
- 🛖 The Torogan, a traditional Maranao house, is highlighted as an example of regional architecture and cultural heritage.
- 🎭 The lecture emphasizes that both tangible (e.g., paintings, sculptures) and intangible (e.g., music, dance) cultural heritage play crucial roles in preserving Filipino identity.
Q & A
What is the main topic of this lecture?
-The main topic of the lecture is art from the region, specifically exploring what makes certain works of art Filipino.
What are the two key concepts discussed in relation to Filipino art?
-The two key concepts discussed are 'genre,' which refers to the category of artistic composition, and 'style,' which is the distinctive manner in which an artist portrays their subject matter.
Who are the three Filipino artists mentioned in the lecture, and what do their works represent?
-The three Filipino artists mentioned are Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hernando Ocampo. Amorsolo's work focuses on Filipino culture and countryside, Francisco's work highlights history and legends, and Ocampo's work incorporates western styles like cubism and surrealism but still maintains a Filipino essence.
How is 'Filipino-ness' determined in a work of art according to the lecture?
-'Filipino-ness' in a work of art can be determined through the genre, style, and subject matter, such as depictions of Filipino culture, history, and identity. Even if influenced by western styles, the art is considered Filipino if the artist is Filipino and it reflects Filipino elements.
What is 'regional art,' and why is it important?
-Regional art refers to art produced within a specific region, reflecting the unique geographical, social, political, and cultural circumstances of that area. It is important because it helps preserve and highlight local traditions, reducing prejudice against local and regional art and questioning the dominance of metropolitan art.
What are the two types of cultural heritage discussed, and how are they defined?
-The two types of cultural heritage discussed are 'tangible heritage' and 'intangible heritage.' Tangible heritage includes physical objects like paintings and sculptures, while intangible heritage refers to practices such as music, dance, and theater that must be performed to be preserved.
Who is Abdulmari Imao, and what is significant about his artwork 'Sarimano'?
-Abdulmari Imao is the first Muslim national artist of the Philippines. His artwork 'Sarimano,' made of pounded brass and carved wood, combines Mindanaoan motifs and Filipino spirit, reflecting both modern and traditional elements.
What is the 'Torogan,' and why is it unique to Maranao culture?
-The 'Torogan' is an architectural structure built by the Maranao people of Lanao, made primarily of wood and featuring swirling 'okir' designs. It is unique because it serves as a common living space with no separate rooms, representing a key element of Maranao culture.
How does Onib Olmedo’s painting 'Thinking Man' reflect Philippine figurative expressionism?
-Onib Olmedo’s 'Thinking Man' reflects Philippine figurative expressionism through its depiction of a seated human figure deep in thought, set against a vibrant crimson background. The painting showcases Olmedo's style, which is a significant part of the expressionist movement in the Philippines.
Why is studying local and regional arts significant according to the lecture?
-Studying local and regional arts is significant because it promotes a sense of pride in one's cultural heritage, challenges the dominance of metropolitan art, and encourages the preservation and appreciation of unique cultural expressions from different regions of the Philippines.
Outlines
🎨 Introduction to Filipino Art and Genre
The lecture begins with an introduction to the topic of Filipino art, asking what makes certain paintings distinctly Filipino. The instructor prompts students to consider elements that reflect Filipino identity in art. The lecture references the article 'What is Philippine about Philippine Art?' by Leo Vanessa, discussing how artists like Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hernando Ocampo exemplify Filipino traits in their work. The terms 'genre' and 'style' are introduced, explaining how they categorize art based on shared characteristics and distinctive artist techniques.
🖌️ Style and Filipino Influence in Ocampo's Art
This section focuses on Hernando Ocampo's style, which, despite Western influences like cubism and surrealism, is considered Filipino. The argument is made that any artwork produced by a Filipino artist carries Filipino identity. Ocampo is credited with creating a uniquely Filipino version of these Western styles, reflecting the nation's culture and identity. The concept of regional art is introduced, emphasizing how regional culture and identity influence artistic expression, challenging the dominance of Manila-centric art forms.
🌍 Regional Art and Cultural Heritage
The discussion shifts to regional art, highlighting its importance in celebrating local traditions and identities. Regional art, tied to geographic and cultural contexts, challenges the notion of metropolitan superiority in art. Examples of regional art in Mindanao and Visayas are discussed, stressing how normalization of regional art can combat biases and promote appreciation for local works. The concepts of tangible and intangible cultural heritage are introduced, with tangible heritage including physical objects like paintings, and intangible heritage involving practices like music, theater, and literature.
🏛️ Showcasing Southern Philippine Artworks
The final section showcases specific artworks from Southern Philippine regions. Notable works include Abdulmari Imao’s 'Sarimano,' a testament to fusing Mindanaoan motifs with modern mediums, and the 'Torogan,' a traditional Maranao structure exemplifying cultural heritage with its unique swirling oker design. The architectural and communal aspects of the Torogan are highlighted. The painting 'Thinking Man' by Ang Kiukok is also featured, representing Filipino figurative expressionism. The lecture ends with reflective questions on what defines Philippine art and the significance of studying local and regional art.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Genre
💡Style
💡Filipino-ness
💡Regionalism in Art
💡Tangible Heritage
💡Intangible Heritage
💡Manila-centrism
💡Cultural Heritage
💡Fernando Amorsolo
💡Surrealism and Cubism
Highlights
Introduction to art from the region and its cultural significance.
Objective of the lecture: Understanding what makes Filipino art distinct.
Introduction of the three major Filipino artists: Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hernando Ocampo.
Explanation of two key concepts: Genre and Style, and their importance in identifying Filipino-ness in art.
Genre in art is defined as a category characterized by similarities in form, style, and subject matter.
Style is the distinctive manner an artist uses to portray their subject matter.
Amorsolo's work focuses on Filipino culture, especially the beauty of the countryside and farming practices.
Carlos Francisco emphasizes Filipino history, myths, and legends in his paintings, giving them a heroic epic feel.
Ocampo, influenced by Western styles like cubism and surrealism, created uniquely Filipino works by adding local elements.
Regional art and its connection to the homeland are critical in shaping contemporary artistic expression.
Studying regional art can help eradicate Manila-centrism and highlight the importance of local and regional identity.
Cultural heritage is divided into two types: tangible (e.g., paintings, sculptures) and intangible (e.g., music, dance).
Examples of regional art include Abdulmari Imao's 'Sarimano,' a fusion of Mindanao motifs and modern mediums.
The Maranao architectural structure 'Torugan' is highlighted for its unique cultural design.
Ankyl's 'Thinking Man,' an example of Philippine figurative expressionism, is discussed for its powerful emotional expression.
Transcripts
[Music]
hello everyone welcome to another
pre-recorded lecture for english 103 and
our topic for this week will be
art from the region
before we start just allow me to present
to you the objectives for the week it is
expected that at the end of the lecture
at the end of the activities that we are
going to have
we will be able to achieve
these objectives
let's examine these paintings and let's
drop the big question
what makes these paintings filipino
[Music]
on top of your head you may want to list
down
the things that made you consider
this painting as filipino
or not
and let's try to discover in the course
of our discussion as to why
and why not
these things or these paintings are
considered filipino
according to the article what is
philippine about philippine art by leo
vanessa
these three artists namely fernando
mursolo carlos francisco and hernando
campo
these painters showed filipino-ness
quote unquote filipino
in their work
before we discuss each of these artists
as to how their works are considered
filipino let's discuss first these two
concepts
that will be used or these are terms
that will be used along the way in the
discussion
and first and foremost is we have genre
now when we talk of genre this is a
category of artistic composition
characterized by similarities in form
style and subject matter so let's take
for example music you would know that
the kind of music that you're listening
to is rock because there are components
that match
the song with the genre of rock for
example how it's sung
or the kind of instruments that is
needed to be played so that
you would be able to play the song
so that is how
we
we
understand what the genre is so it's a
these are like collective
characteristics
that will make you say that this
particular artwork belongs to this kind
of collective outputs
so that is for genre and let's talk
about
style now when we talk about style this
is the distinctive manner of how artists
portray
their
their subject matter or the topic at
hand or their message or this
distinctive manner of how they are able
to visualize or concretize the idea that
they have so for example you would know
that it's van gogh because of
a particular thing that he always does
every time he creates an artwork or you
would know that it's one luna because he
does this and that
and
that is how you would pinpoint you would
pinpoint
who the artist is because of the style
so take note we have genre and we have
style and these are the things that will
be discussed as we go along in
discussing these three artists and how
their works are considered filipino
the genre used in an artwork is
considered to be a major consideration
in determining the quote unquote
filipinoness of a work of art
so for example when we look at the work
of art we take a look at into its form
its style or the topic at hand that the
artist is trying to show us or trying to
communicate with us for example we have
amur solo
amar solo's paintings would always show
the culture of the race and at the same
time he would always show
how
beautiful the countryside is in our
country and at the same time he would
always show the practices that we have
in terms of forming
whereas we have
carlos francisco wherein he would always
have this heroic epic feeling for
history and myth thus depicting history
legends and myths in his paintings
now let's talk about style and let's
focus on ocampo's works
although
ocampo's works are very influenced by
the western styles like cubism and
surrealism he is considered to be most
filipino
this is basically because whatever is
produced by this filipino artist
it will be considered filipino because
that
filipino citizen is the one doing it
and take note that he has filipinized
he has made his own version of
surrealism and cubism thus making it our
own
so therefore
therefore his works are still considered
filipino
so let's settle through the fact that
even if
we have western influences
as long as
it is filipino or the one who made that
particular artwork is filipino then
therefore whatever they produce is
considered filipino because
it will
one way or another
show our own identity as asians and at
the same time as filipinos
now let's focus on
the study of art in the regional context
and let's highlight
region first
region is a social system that mirrors
relations among people bound by
shared and distinct identity
language culture and tradition
and it is also said that region is a key
identity marker
when we talk about
regional art
the idea of homeland is anchored within
this regional location
studying and appreciating art that is
produced in one's own region and
recognizing its regional context that
takes into account the unique
geographical
social political and cultural
circumstances that shape its
contemporary artistic expression
would bring its status to the limelight
and would become
part of the cultural mainstream
we have efforts already in mindanao like
for example the exhibits that are shown
in moss or we are soft that is part of
of our efforts in mindanao or we also
have efforts in visayas like for example
vispa
[Music]
every year
a musical festival would be
would be conducted and artists in the
region
would submit their works
so in short
when we normalize this one
it is likely
that
people a lot more people would subscribe
to this kind of art
thus
it would
it would eradicate
the prejudice against local and regional
art
the view of it being inferior and less
sophisticated is removed
thus the dominance and superiority of
art produced in much metropolitan
centers
as in manila's context would come into
question
or in short manila centrism would be
eradicated along the way the more people
who would subscribe to regional art
and regionalism in art is a celebration
of local tradition in pride of place
and when we study regional art we also
consider the fact that whatever our
artists produce
they are considered cultural heritage
now when we talk about heritage this is
the legacy of physical artifacts and
intangible attributes of a group or
society that are passed on
maintained and bestowed from generation
to generation
[Music]
there are two types of cultural heritage
we have tangible heritage and we have
intangible heritage
now when we talk about tangible heritage
these are physical things that we can
see we can touch thus we have examples
like
paintings sculptures
tools instruments and etc etc
meanwhile we have intangible heritage
wherein this is something that needs to
be practiced in order for it to be in to
be preserved so for example we have
dances we have theater we have music
we have poetry
or we have literature and etc etc
so these are the things
that we consider as heritage we have
tangible and we have intangible
[Music]
now let's try to browse through
the works
that were made by our artists in
southern philippine regions
so first is we have the artwork sarimano
it was made by abdulmari mao by the way
you can correct my pronunciation for
those
who knows the right pronunciation
it is made in pounded brass
and carved wood
it exhibits distinct qualities that
merited him to be the first
muslim national artist
the work is a testament to how imaw
effortlessly fuses mindanao and motifs
modern mediums and forms and victorious
filipino spirit into one
[Music]
next one is an architectural structure
we call torugan
no torogan taurogan is
built by the maranao people of lanao
it is built
as early as 1740s it is made out of wood
and it's mostly found in lanao del sur
now if you take a look at the design of
torugan it has this swirling design
called oker
and it is one of the
features
that we would see in their culture
and
if you try take a tour on on
this shelter you would see
that it's just one big space inside
there are no rooms so they're
there
their salah is also their bedroom their
dining room
and it's just a common space for
everyone
so that is one main feature of toragan
and it's unique to their own culture
the last artwork that we are going to
discuss
is thinking man by ankyl
this powerful painting showing a seated
human figure engrossed in thought and
set against an energetic crimson
background is quintessential on kyoko
one of the leading lights of philippine
figurative expressionism
so that is for our discussion on art
from the region as a form of reflection
i'd like us to
answer one of the three questions
and the questions are if most philippine
art forms are western broad what makes
philippine art filipino
second one what makes studying local and
regional arts significant
and last one is in what way does
studying philippine arts specifically
from the region establish a sense of
nationalism
i'd like to see your answers in the
comment section to where this is posted
and i'll be expecting your answers by
the end of the week
so that would be it for our discussion
for this lecture
if you have questions or concerns please
feel free to message me in our
ms teams
or you can always type down your
concerns
to where this is posted in ms teams so
that would be it everyone
see you soonest
bye
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