Containerizing and Orchestrating Apps with GKE
Summary
TLDRThis section introduces containerization and orchestration using Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). It explains how GKE combines the flexibility of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) with the developer-oriented features of Platform as a Service (PaaS). The video highlights the benefits of containers, including fast scalability and portability, allowing developers to move applications seamlessly across environments. It also discusses Kubernetes, an open-source container orchestration tool, and how GKE simplifies container management, enabling efficient deployment and scaling of containerized applications in both cloud and on-premises environments.
Takeaways
- 🚀 GKE (Google Kubernetes Engine) combines managed infrastructure of IaaS with the developer focus of PaaS.
- 🖥️ Containers virtualize the operating system and hardware, enabling scalability and modularity in apps.
- ⏱️ Containers start much faster than virtual machines, taking only seconds to boot.
- 🌐 Kubernetes is a powerful orchestration tool for managing containerized environments at scale.
- 🔄 Containers offer flexibility for development, allowing code to move easily between development, staging, and production environments.
- 📦 Docker is the tool used for packaging applications in containers, making them portable across different platforms.
- 🔗 Microservices architecture benefits from containerization, as it allows each service to be scaled and deployed independently.
- 💡 GKE simplifies container management by automating deployments, scaling, rollouts, and monitoring of containers.
- 📊 Kubernetes and GKE allow for efficient resource management and flexibility, supporting both cloud and on-premises deployments.
- 🌍 Google uses containers for nearly all its services, launching over 2 billion containers weekly across its infrastructure.
Q & A
What is containerization and how does it relate to GKE?
-Containerization is the process of packaging an application and its dependencies into a container, which allows for independent scalability and portability. GKE (Google Kubernetes Engine) is a managed environment for deploying containerized apps, providing orchestration and cluster management for containers.
How does GKE sit conceptually between IaaS and PaaS?
-GKE combines the managed infrastructure capabilities of IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) with the developer-friendly aspects of PaaS (Platform as a Service). It allows developers to manage infrastructure while also providing scalable container orchestration.
What are some differences between using VMs and containers for scaling applications?
-Using VMs for scaling requires copying an entire VM, including the guest OS, which can be slow and resource-intensive. Containers, on the other hand, start as quickly as a process, are lightweight, and can be deployed much faster, making them more efficient for scaling applications.
What advantages do containers have over traditional VMs in terms of resource usage?
-Containers require fewer resources because they share the host OS kernel, and they start much faster compared to VMs. This allows for more efficient use of compute resources and faster scaling in response to demand.
How does Kubernetes help in managing containerized environments?
-Kubernetes is a container orchestration tool that simplifies the management of containerized environments by handling container networking, data storage, rollouts, rollbacks, and monitoring host health, thereby making large-scale deployment and management easier.
What is the main benefit of using microservices architecture with containers?
-Using microservices architecture with containers allows developers to break down an application into smaller, independent components that can be deployed, scaled, and updated separately. This modularity makes the application more scalable and easier to manage.
How does GKE leverage Google’s experience in managing large-scale containerized workloads?
-GKE leverages Google’s extensive experience in running applications at scale, using technologies like Kubernetes that were inspired by Google's internal systems. Google runs over 2 billion containers per week, and GKE applies this knowledge to offer automated operations and resource efficiency.
What role does Docker play in containerization?
-Docker is a tool that packages applications and all their dependencies into a container. This makes the application portable, allowing it to be run anywhere that supports Docker containers, such as on a laptop, server, or cloud provider.
How does Kubernetes enable scaling and manage failures in containerized environments?
-Kubernetes manages container clusters by scaling them up or down based on demand, starting or stopping containers as needed, and automatically recovering from host failures. This ensures high availability and efficient resource utilization.
What are some features of Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) that enhance developer productivity?
-GKE provides features like automated operations, resource efficiency, cluster management, and orchestration of Docker containers. It offers Google's innovations to accelerate time to market, enabling developers to focus on writing code rather than managing infrastructure.
Outlines
📦 Containerization and Orchestration with GKE
This section introduces the concepts of containerization and orchestration using Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). It explains the difference between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS), and how GKE sits between these two, offering a hybrid solution. Containers provide a self-contained environment for developers to deploy their applications with access to resources like RAM, file systems, and networking interfaces. They offer independent scalability and an abstraction layer over the OS and hardware. However, they come with the trade-off of larger size and longer boot times compared to PaaS offerings. The section also discusses the benefits of using containers, such as portability and flexibility, and how they can be scaled rapidly. It introduces Kubernetes as a tool for managing containerized environments, allowing for the deployment, management, and scaling of applications across a group of hosts.
🚀 Kubernetes and Docker for Container Management
This paragraph delves into the use of Docker for containerization, emphasizing its role in making applications portable across different environments such as laptops, servers, and cloud providers. It highlights how Kubernetes, an open-source container orchestration tool, manages clusters of Docker containers. Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) is introduced as a managed environment that leverages Kubernetes for deploying containerized applications. GKE automates container management based on resource specifications like CPU and memory, and it is built on the open-source Kubernetes system. The paragraph also touches on the benefits of using containers for service providers, making it easier to develop and run code both in the cloud and on-premises. It concludes by mentioning Google's reliance on containers for its services and the high number of containers launched weekly, showcasing the scale and importance of containerization in modern computing.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Containerization
💡Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)
💡Kubernetes
💡Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
💡Platform as a Service (PaaS)
💡Virtual Machines (VMs)
💡Microservices
💡Scalability
💡Container Orchestration
💡Docker
Highlights
Introduction to containerization and its use with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
Explanation of the difference between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS), and how GKE sits between them.
Compute Engine is Google Cloud's IaaS offering, providing servers, file systems, and networking.
Containers provide independent scalability of workloads, offering the flexibility of IaaS with the ease of scaling found in PaaS.
A container is an abstraction layer on the OS and hardware, offering lightweight virtualization.
Containers require fewer resources than virtual machines (VMs), allowing faster startup and more efficient scaling.
Containers improve portability, making it easier to move from development to production or from on-premises to the cloud.
Kubernetes simplifies the management of containerized environments through orchestration, networking, and resource management.
Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) runs on managed Compute Engine instances, providing a hosted Kubernetes service.
GKE accelerates developer productivity by automating resource management and offering open-source flexibility.
Kubernetes allows for easy management of container rollouts, rollbacks, and health monitoring across clusters.
Containers enable modular, microservices architectures, allowing individual services to scale independently.
Google’s entire ecosystem, from Gmail to Cloud Functions, operates on containers, launching over 2 billion containers per week.
Docker containers ensure portability across platforms, from local development environments to cloud services.
GKE leverages Google's internal containerization expertise, bringing innovation in automated operations and resource efficiency.
Transcripts
let's move on to the next section
containerizing and orchestrating apps
with gke
in the section of the course you'll
learn about containerization and how to
leverage Google kubernetes engine
we've already discussed the spectrum
between infrastructure as a service and
platform as a service
and we've also discussed compute engine
which is the is offering of Google cloud
with access to servers file systems and
networking
now you'll be introduced to containers
in gke which is a hybrid that
conceptually sits between the two
offering the managed infrastructure of
is with the developer orientation of a
pass offering
is lets you share compute Resources with
other developers by using virtual
machines to virtualize the hardware
this lets each developer deploy their
own operating system or Os access the
hardware and build their applications in
a self-contained environment with access
to Ram file systems networking
interfaces Etc
this is where containers come in
the idea of a container is to give the
independent scalability of workloads and
pass in an abstraction layer of the OS
and Hardware in is
a configurable system lets you install
your favorite runtime web server
database or middleware
configure the underlying system
resources such as disk space disk i o or
networking and build as you like
but flexibility comes with a cost
the smallest unit of compute is an app
with its VM
the guest OS might be large even
gigabytes in size and take minutes to
boot
as demand for your application increases
you have to copy an entire VM and boot
the guest OS for each instance of your
app which can be slow and costly
now with app engine you have access to
programming services so you only need to
write your code in self-contained
workloads that use these services and
include any dependent libraries
this means that as demand for your app
increases
the platform scales your app seamlessly
and independently by workload and
infrastructure
this scales rapidly but there's no
option to fine tune the underlying
architecture to save cost
a container is an invisible box around
your code and its dependencies with
limited access to its own partition of
the file system and Hardware
it only requires a few system calls to
create and it starts as quickly as a
process
all that's needed on each host is an OS
kernel that supports containers in a
container runtime
in essence the OS is being virtualized
it scales like pass but gives you nearly
the same flexibility as is
this makes code Ultra portable and the
OS and Hardware can be treated as a
black box
so you can go from development to
staging to production or from your
laptop to the cloud without changing or
rebuilding anything
as an example let's say you want to
scale a web server
with a container you can do this in
seconds and deploy dozens or hundreds of
servers depending on the size of your
workload on a single host
that's just a simple example of scaling
one container running the whole
application on a single host
however you'll probably want to build
your applications using lots of
containers each performing their own
function as is done when using a
microservices architecture
if you build applications this way and
connect them with network connections
you can make them modular easily
Deployable and scaled independently
across a group of hosts
the host can scale up and down and start
in stop containers as demand for your
app changes or as hosts fail
kubernetes is a container orchestration
tool you can use to simplify the
management of containerized environments
you can install kubernetes on a group of
your own managed servers or run it as a
hosted service on Google Cloud on a
cluster of managed compute engine
instances called Google kubernetes
engine more on that shortly
kubernetes was built by Google to run
applications at scale
it lets you install the system on local
servers in the cloud manage container
networking and data storage deploy
rollouts and rollbacks and monitor and
manage container and host health
a software Container makes it easy for
teams to package manage and ship their
code
they write software applications that
run in a container the container
provides the operating system needed to
run their application
the container will run on any container
platform
this can save a lot of time and cost
compared to running servers on Virtual
machines
like a virtual machine imitates a
computer
a container imitates an operating system
everything at Google runs on containers
Gmail web search maps map reduce batch
Google file system Colossus and even
Cloud functions which are VMS and
containers
Google launches over 2 billion
containers per week
Docker is a tool that puts the
application and everything it needs in
the container
once the application is in a container
it can be moved anywhere that will run
Docker containers any laptop server or
cloud provider
this portability makes code easier to
produce manage troubleshoot and update
for service providers containers make it
easy to develop code that can be easily
transferred and run both in the cloud
and on a customer's on-premises servers
kubernetes is an open source container
orchestration tool for managing a
cluster of Docker Linux containers on a
single system
it can be run in the cloud and
on-premises environments
it's inspired and informed by Google's
experiences and internal systems
Google kubernetes engine or gke is a
managed environment for deploying
containerized apps
it brings Google's latest Innovations in
developer productivity resource
efficiency automated operations and open
source flexibility to accelerate time to
Market
gke is a powerful cluster manager and
orchestration system for running Docker
containers in Google Cloud
gke manages containers automatically
based on specifications such as CPU and
memory
it's built on the open source kubernetes
system making it easy for users to
orchestrate container clusters or groups
of containers and it also gives
customers the flexibility to take
advantage of on-premises hybrid or
public Cloud infrastructure
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