3 Merumuskan Tujuan Pembelajaran final
Summary
TLDRThis script discusses the process of setting learning objectives in educational planning. It emphasizes translating learning achievements into operational and concrete goals. Educators should consider the characteristics of the subject, the concepts being taught, and the learning environment. The learning objectives should include competencies and the scope of the material. Teachers can use theories like revised Bloom's Taxonomy, Understanding by Design, or Marzano's knowledge systems to formulate these objectives. Three methods are suggested: directly from the curriculum, analyzing competencies and material scope, or across elements of the curriculum. The script encourages educators to adapt or develop their own methods based on the needs of the subject and learners.
Takeaways
- 🎯 Teachers need to break down the learning outcomes (CP) into concrete learning objectives (TP) for better planning.
- 📚 The second step in lesson planning is to formulate clear and operational learning objectives.
- 🎓 Teachers must consider the characteristics of the subject matter, learners, and learning environment when creating objectives.
- 📝 Learning objectives should include two main components: competencies and scope of content.
- 💡 Competencies refer to the skills or abilities students need to demonstrate by the end of a learning unit.
- 🧠 Scope of content relates to the key concepts and knowledge students need to understand by the end of a learning unit.
- 🔍 Teachers can consult learning outcomes (CP) from the previous and following phases to ensure appropriate content depth.
- 📊 There are three suggested methods to formulate learning objectives: directly based on CP, by analyzing competencies and content, or across CP elements.
- 🧑🏫 Various theoretical frameworks, such as Bloom's Taxonomy and Marzano's three systems of knowledge, can guide the development of learning objectives.
- 🔄 Teachers can also use or modify pre-existing objectives provided by the central government to suit their specific learning needs.
Q & A
What is the purpose of breaking down the Capaian Pembelajaran (CP) into Tujuan Pembelajaran (TP)?
-The purpose is to make educational goals more operational and concrete, which helps students achieve learning outcomes by the end of a phase.
What is the second step in the learning planning stage?
-The second step is to formulate learning objectives, which involves designing more operational and concrete goals for learning.
What factors should educators consider when formulating learning objectives?
-Educators should consider the characteristics of the subject matter, the concepts or topics being studied, the characteristics of the learners, and the context of the learning environment.
What are the two main components that learning objectives should ideally include?
-Learning objectives should include competencies, which are the abilities or skills to be demonstrated by learners, and the scope of the material, which refers to the main content and concepts to be understood by the end of a learning unit.
How can educators determine the competencies required by learners?
-Educators can use guiding questions such as 'What abilities should learners demonstrate?' and 'What should learners show without thinking?' to determine competencies.
What is the scope of material in the context of learning objectives?
-The scope of material refers to the content and main concepts that need to be understood by the end of a single learning unit.
How can educators use the previous phase's CP to determine the depth of material content?
-Educators can look at the CP from the previous phase and compare it with the current phase to understand the depth of material content.
What guiding questions can educators use to determine the scope of material?
-Questions such as 'What should learners learn from a large concept stated in the CP?' and 'Can the learners' surroundings and life be used as context for learning the content in the CP?' can guide educators.
What is the difference between learning objectives and daily learning objectives?
-Learning objectives are broader and more general than daily learning objectives, which are specific to each instructional session.
What theoretical approaches can educators use when formulating learning objectives?
-Educators can use approaches such as the revised Taxonomy of Bloom by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001, the Understanding by Design approach by Wiggins and McTighe in 2005, or Marzano's three systems in the knowledge domain.
What are the three methods educators can use to formulate learning objectives?
-The three methods are: 1) Directly formulating learning objectives based on CP, 2) Formulating learning objectives by analyzing competencies and material scope in CP, and 3) Formulating learning objectives across elements of CP.
Can educators use pre-set learning objectives provided by central government agencies?
-Yes, educators can use or modify pre-set learning objectives provided by central government agencies, adapting them to meet specific needs and learning processes.
Outlines
📚 Defining Learning Objectives
This paragraph discusses the process of defining learning objectives for educational planning. It emphasizes the need for educators to transform learning achievements into operational and concrete learning goals. The paragraph outlines the steps involved in structuring learning objectives, including considering the characteristics of the subject matter, the learners, and the learning environment. It introduces the concept of breaking down learning objectives into two main components: competencies and scope of material. Competencies refer to the abilities or skills that students need to demonstrate, while the scope of material refers to the content and concepts that should be understood by the end of a learning unit. The paragraph also suggests using guidelines such as Bloom's revised taxonomy, Marzano's three systems in the knowledge domain, and Wiggins' 6 forms of understanding to help define these objectives. Educators are encouraged to either directly state learning objectives based on the competencies and material scope or to use cross-element definitions from the learning achievements. The paragraph concludes by suggesting that educators can also use pre-defined learning objectives provided by the central government or modify them to suit their specific needs.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Capaian Pembelajaran
💡Tujuan Pembelajaran
💡Perencanaan Pembelajaran
💡Kompetensi
💡Ruang Lingkup Materi
💡Konteks Lingkungan Pembelajaran
💡Pertanyaan Panduan
💡Capaian Pembelajaran Harian
💡Tujuan Instruksional
💡Pendekatan Teori
💡Mengacu pada CP
Highlights
Educators need to break down learning achievements into learning objectives.
Currently, we will learn the second step in learning planning, which is formulating learning objectives.
Educators should design operational and concrete learning objectives first.
The process of arranging learning objectives will be organized in the next stage.
When formulating learning objectives, educators should consider the characteristics of the subject, concepts, or topics being studied, as well as the characteristics of the learners and the learning environment.
Learning objectives should ideally include two main components: competencies and scope of material.
Competencies refer to the abilities or skills that learners need to demonstrate.
To determine competencies, educators can use guiding questions such as 'What abilities should learners demonstrate?'
Scope of material refers to the main content and concepts that need to be understood by the end of a learning unit.
For the depth of material content, educators can refer to the learning achievements before and after the taught phase.
Guiding questions for educators to determine the scope of material include 'What should learners learn from a large concept stated in the learning achievement?'
The learning objectives at this stage are more general rather than daily learning objectives.
Educators can use key words found while understanding learning achievements to formulate learning objectives.
Various theoretical approaches can be used in formulating learning objectives, such as revised Bloom's Taxonomy by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001.
Other approaches include the 6 forms of understanding developed by Marzano, and 3 systems in the knowledge domain.
There are three ways educators can formulate learning objectives: directly based on learning achievements, analyzing competencies and material scope in learning achievements, or across elements of learning achievements.
These three methods of formulating learning objectives will be discussed in more detail with examples in subsequent videos.
Educators can choose the alternative they feel comfortable with or suitable for their subject, or develop their own method using the same principles.
Educators can also use learning objectives provided by the central government and modify them according to their needs.
Learning objectives can be adjusted to fit the needs and learning process of each individual.
Transcripts
[Musik]
agar peserta didik dapat mencapai
capaian pembelajaran Di akhir fase maka
pendidik perlu menurunkan capaian
pembelajaran atau CP menjadi tujuan
pembelajaran atau TP
[Musik]
Sekarang kita akan mempelajari Langkah
kedua pada tahap perencanaan
pembelajaran yaitu merumuskan tujuan
pembelajaran
pada tahap ini pendidik cukup merancang
tujuan-tujuan pembelajaran yang lebih
operasional dan konkret terlebih dahulu
proses mengurutkan tujuan pembelajaran
akan disusun pada tahap berikutnya ibu
dan bapak guru dalam merumuskan tujuan
pembelajaran kita juga perlu
memperhatikan karakteristik mata
pelajaran serta konsep atau topik yang
dipelajari karakteristik peserta didik
dan konteks lingkungan pembelajaran
ibu dan bapak guru tujuan pembelajaran
sebaiknya memuat dua komponen utama
yaitu kompetensi dan ruang lingkup
materi
kompetensi yaitu kemampuan atau
keterampilan yang perlu ditunjukkan atau
didemonstrasikan oleh peserta didik
untuk menentukan kompetensi kita bisa
menggunakan beberapa pertanyaan panduan
seperti
Kemampuan apa yang perlu peserta didik
Tunjukkan secara konkret tak berpikir
apa yang perlu peserta didik ditunjukkan
lingkup materi yaitu konten dan konsep
utama yang perlu dipahami pada akhir
satu unit pembelajaran
untuk kedalaman materi konten ibu dan
bapak dapat melihat CP dari fase sebelum
dan sesudah dari fase yang diajarkan
pertanyaan panduan yang dapat digunakan
pendidik dalam menentukan lingkup materi
antara lain
hal apa saja yang perlu dipelajari
peserta didik dari suatu konsep besar
yang dinyatakan dalam CP
apakah lingkungan sekitar dan kehidupan
peserta didik dapat digunakan sebagai
konteks untuk mempelajari konten dalam
CP
yang perlu diperhatikan pada tahap kedua
ini yaitu tujuan pembelajaran adalah
tujuan yang lebih umum bukan tujuan
pembelajaran harian
tujuan instruksional Umum bukan tujuan
instruksional khusus saat merumuskannya
kita dapat menggali kata kunci yang kita
temukan saat memahami capaian
pembelajaran Selain itu dalam merumuskan
tujuan pembelajaran kita dapat
menggunakan pendekatan-pendekatan teori
seperti
pendekatan Taksonomi Bloom yang telah
direvisi oleh Anderson dan create wall
di tahun 2001 pendekatan tentang 6
Bentuk pemahaman yang dikembangkan oleh
3 dan wiggings di tahun 2005 atau
pendekatan 3 sistem dalam domain
pengetahuan yang dikembangkan oleh
Marzano
selain ketiga Teori ini pendidik juga
dapat menggunakan teori atau pendekatan
lain selama teori tersebut dinilai
relevan
ibu dan bapak guru dalam merumuskan
tujuan pembelajaran Ada tiga cara yang
dapat kita gunakan yaitu
alternatif 1 rumuskan tujuan
pembelajaran secara langsung Berdasarkan
CP
alternatif 2 merumuskan tujuan
pembelajaran dengan menganalisis
kompetensi dan lingkup materi pada CP
alternatif ketiga merumuskan tujuan
pembelajaran lintas elemen CP
cara merumuskan tujuan pembelajaran
dengan tiga cara ini akan dibahas Lebih
Detail dengan menggunakan contoh pada
video-video selanjutnya
ibu dan bapak dapat memilih alternatif
yang dirasa nyaman atau sesuai dengan
kebutuhan mata pelajarannya atau
mengembangkan cara sendiri dengan
menggunakan prinsip yang sama kita juga
bisa menggunakan tujuan-tujuan
pembelajaran yang sudah disediakan
pemerintah pusat
Merdeka mengajar
contoh-contoh ini dapat kita gunakan
langsung atau dimodifikasi ibu dan bapak
dapat menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan
proses belajarnya masing-masing
[Musik]
Selamat mencoba
[Musik]
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