Pengenalan norma dalam kehidupan sehari-hari | Bab 2 |PPKn kelas X | Kurikulum Merdeka

rahel naftali

11 Dec 202220:03

Summary

TLDRIn this video, Rachel discusses the concept of norms in daily life for SMA students, focusing on their definition, social boundaries, and functions. She explains that norms are guidelines for behavior within society, including etiquette, law, and religion. The video covers the dynamic nature of norms, their role in maintaining order and justice, and their sources, such as morality, religion, law, and etiquette. It also differentiates between formal and informal norms and their impact on society.

Takeaways

📚 The script discusses the concept of 'norma' in Indonesian society, specifically for high school students learning about social norms.
🌐 'Norma' is derived from the Dutch word 'Norm', meaning a guideline or principle, and it serves as a guide for individual behavior within society.
🚦 Social norms are behaviors considered appropriate within a community and can also be referred to as social rules or regulations.
🔑 The functions of norms include achieving common goals, regulating behavior, providing boundaries, enforcing adaptation, and offering guidance in society.
🔄 Norms are dynamic and can adapt to social changes, but they can also be static.
🏛️ Norms are often the result of agreements and are consciously created, and violating them can result in sanctions.
👥 Society supports norms, as they require community adherence to function effectively.
🌱 Norms create order and security, protect the community from deviant behavior, and ensure justice and legal certainty.
🛣️ Norms provide direction and guidance for behavior, ensuring that individuals act according to agreed-upon rules to avoid negative consequences.
🏞️ Norms prevent conflicts of interest, ensuring that the diverse interests within a community are managed to avoid disputes.
💧 Norms have various sources, including moral conscience, religion, law, and etiquette, each with different levels of enforcement and acceptance.
📖 Norms are categorized into formal and informal based on their origin and enforcement, with formal norms being codified and informal norms being more customary.
📊 Norms are also differentiated by the field of life they influence, such as religious, moral, etiquette, and legal norms, each with specific rules and sanctions.
🌐 The script also touches on the sources of law, which can include philosophy, life views, religious teachings, moral values, customs, culture, history, and more.

Q & A

What is the etymological origin of the word 'norma'?
-The word 'norma' is derived from the Dutch language, meaning a guide, standard, or principle.
What is the definition of 'norma' in the context of social life?
-Norma refers to the general customs or rules that serve as guidelines for behavior within a specific community or society.
What are the functions of social norms?
-Social norms serve to help achieve common goals, regulate behavior to align with societal values, provide boundaries, enforce adaptation to societal norms, and absorb expected values.
What are the six characteristics of norms mentioned in the script?
-The six characteristics of norms are: being dynamic, unwritten, a result of agreement, consciously created, having sanctions for violation, and community support.
How do norms contribute to creating order and security in society?
-Norms protect society from deviant behavior, prevent the exploitation of the weak by the strong, and ensure the realization of humane values such as justice and fairness.
What is the difference between formal and informal norms?
-Formal norms are written rules created by formal institutions, while informal norms are unwritten rules that are followed by social awareness and custom.
What are the four sources of norms discussed in the script?
-The four sources of norms are: ethics, religion, law, and etiquette.
Why are sanctions important in the context of norms?
-Sanctions are important because they serve as consequences for violating norms, which can deter individuals from engaging in behavior that goes against societal rules.
How do norms provide guidance and direction in behavior?
-Norms act as a guide by being believed to be true, directing human behavior according to agreed-upon rules, and helping individuals understand what actions to take or avoid.
What are the four types of norms based on their binding power?
-The four types are: customs or usages, folkways, mores, and customs or customs.
How do norms prevent conflicts of interest in society?
-Norms prevent conflicts by ensuring an orderly coexistence, setting boundaries, and guaranteeing individual rights within the community.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Social Norms

The script introduces the concept of social norms (norma), explaining that they are guidelines or principles that guide individual behavior within society. The term 'norma' is derived from the Dutch language, meaning a standard or principle. The video discusses the functions of norms, which include achieving common goals, regulating behavior according to societal values, setting boundaries for actions, enforcing adaptation to societal norms, and providing guidance for living within a community. It also outlines the characteristics of norms, such as being dynamic and based on agreements, and the consequences of violating them, which include sanctions. The norms are supported by society, as without societal compliance, they would not function effectively.

05:02

🔍 The Role and Values of Social Norms

This section delves into the role of social norms in ensuring social order and preventing conflicts and discrimination. It explains how norms guarantee the realization of humanistic values and social justice in Indonesia. The script discusses how norms provide guidance and direction in behavior, ensuring that actions are in line with agreed-upon rules. It also touches on how norms prevent clashes of interest within the diverse Indonesian society and create harmony and order by ensuring that everyone follows the same rules, such as not littering in public spaces.

10:02

🏛️ Sources of Social Norms

The script identifies the sources of social norms, which include morality, religion, law, and etiquette. Moral norms stem from an individual's conscience, guiding behaviors such as honesty and justice. Religious norms are derived from divine teachings, often involving commandments and prohibitions with consequences felt after death. Legal norms are established by governments and are enforceable with clear sanctions. Lastly, norms of etiquette are relative and vary across different cultures and times, such as using the right hand for eating.

15:02

📖 Types of Social Norms

The video script differentiates between formal and informal norms. Formal norms are written and created by formal institutions, such as government regulations and laws. Informal norms, on the other hand, are unwritten but are consciously followed by society, like cultural practices. The script also categorizes norms based on their field of life, including religious norms, moral norms, etiquette norms, norms of laziness, and legal norms. Each type of norm serves a specific purpose within society, from maintaining social order to guiding personal conduct.

🌐 Classification of Social Norms

In this part, the script classifies social norms based on their binding power into four categories: customs (usage), folkways, mores, and customs (adat or customs). Customs are personal behaviors with minor societal reactions to violations. Folkways are based on individual preferences and are subject to mild sanctions like teasing. Mores are more binding and enforce social cohesion with stronger sanctions for violators. Lastly, customs or adat have the strongest binding power, integrating community behavior, and violations are punished according to local customs and laws.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Norma

In the context of the video, 'norma' refers to the guidelines, principles, or rules that govern individual behavior within a society. It is derived from the Dutch word 'Norm', meaning a standard or guideline. The script discusses how norms serve as a framework for social conduct, encompassing etiquette, law, and religious practices. For example, it mentions 'norma kesopanan' (etiquette norms), 'norma hukum' (legal norms), and 'norma agama' (religious norms).

💡Social Norms

Social norms are the unwritten rules that dictate appropriate behavior within a group or society. The video script describes these norms as 'perilaku yang pantas bagi suatu kelompok masyarakat' (behavior that is proper for a certain community). They are seen as dynamic, capable of adapting to social changes, and are a product of social agreement. They also involve sanctions for those who violate them.

💡Function of Norms

The video outlines several functions of norms, such as helping to achieve common goals in society, regulating behavior to align with societal values, providing boundaries for individual actions, enforcing adaptation to societal norms, and absorbing expected values. These functions are crucial for maintaining order and coherence within a community.

💡Characteristics of Norms

The script lists six characteristics of norms, including being dynamic, unwritten, the result of agreement, having sanctions for violations, and needing societal support to function effectively. These characteristics highlight the flexibility and necessity of norms in adapting to societal changes and expectations.

💡Values in Norms

Values in norms are principles that norms uphold, such as creating order and security, ensuring justice and legal certainty, providing guidance, and preventing conflicts of interest. The video script emphasizes how these values are essential for the harmonious functioning of society and the protection of individual rights.

💡Sources of Norms

The video identifies four sources of norms: conscience, religion, law, and etiquette. Each source is unique, with conscience being an internal moral compass, religion providing divine guidance, law being a formal institution's directive, and etiquette being socially agreed-upon customs. Understanding these sources helps in grasping the origin and authority behind different types of norms.

💡Formal and Non-Formal Norms

Formal norms are written rules created by formal institutions, such as government regulations or constitutional laws. Non-formal norms, on the other hand, are unwritten and based on social customs or habits. The script uses examples like 'norma formal' being laws against theft with clear punishments, while 'norma non formal' could be using the right hand when eating, which is not formally written but is a customary practice.

💡Religious Norms

Religious norms originate from divine sources and are integrated into specific religious teachings. These norms include prohibitions like not lying or stealing, with penalties coming directly from the divine, such as being considered sinful. The script mentions 'menunangkan ibadah' (performing worship) as an example of religious norms.

💡Legal Norms

Legal norms are rules created by authorized state institutions to maintain social order. The video script explains that these norms are binding and enforceable, with clear and tangible penalties for violators. Legal norms are backed by law enforcement agencies and can result in physical punishment or fines, distinguishing them from other types of norms.

💡Conscience Norms

Conscience norms stem from an individual's inner moral sense, guiding them to act rightly and maintain a clear conscience. Violations of these norms typically result in self-reproach or feelings of guilt. The script gives examples like honesty, justice, and respect for others as norms that arise from one's conscience.

💡Etiquette Norms

Etiquette norms are guidelines for polite behavior within a society, often based on cultural practices. The script describes these norms as relative, varying across different places and times. An example mentioned is using the right hand for eating, which is a customary practice that may differ across cultures.

Highlights

Norma is defined as a guideline or principle that serves as a reference for individuals' actions and behavior within a community.

Social norms are considered proper behavior for a community and can also be referred to as social rules or regulations.

Norms serve multiple functions, including helping to achieve common goals, regulating behavior, setting boundaries, enforcing adaptation, and providing guidance.

Norms are dynamic, adapting to social changes, and are the result of conscious agreements within a community.

Violation of norms can result in sanctions, and society supports norms by adhering to them.

Norms create order and security, protecting society from deviant behavior and ensuring the interests of the weaker parties.

Justice and legal certainty are values within norms, where justice is not about equality but fairness according to one's rights and obligations.

Norms provide direction and guidance in behavior, ensuring that individuals act according to agreed-upon rules.

Norms prevent conflicts by ensuring that individual interests do not collide, maintaining social order.

Norms create harmony and tranquility in society when followed collectively.

Sources of norms include ethics, religion, law, and etiquette, each with its own characteristics and origins.

Ethical norms stem from one's conscience, while religious norms are derived from divine guidance.

Legal norms are established by government or institutions and are enforceable with clear sanctions.

Etiquette norms are relative and vary across different places and times, based on social agreements.

Norms can be formal, such as laws and regulations, or informal, like social customs and traditions.

Norms are categorized based on the field of life, including religious, ethical, etiquette, customary, and legal norms.

The strength of norms can range from mere usage to customs, with varying degrees of social binding power.

Legal norms have the strongest binding power, enforced by state institutions with tangible sanctions.

The source of law can be derived from philosophy, life views, religious teachings, ethical values, customs, culture, history, and more.