AP 7 Week 7 Sinaunang Kabihasnan sa Timog Silangang Asya
Summary
TLDRThe script delves into the ancient civilization of the Khmer Empire, highlighting Jayavarman II's reign and the construction of Angkor Wat. It discusses the empire's territorial expansion and the influence of Indian and Chinese religions. The narrative shifts to the Srivijaya and Majapahit empires, emphasizing their control over the Spice Islands and the spread of Islam. It also covers the decline of these empires due to internal strife and external influences. The script further explores the history of the Champa kingdom and its eventual absorption into Vietnamese territory. It concludes with a brief on the Malay Archipelago's early inhabitants and the formation of modern Southeast Asian nations.
Takeaways
- 🏰 The ancient Khmer Empire, located in modern-day Cambodia, was one of the most powerful states in Southeast Asia under the reign of Jayavarman II.
- 🌳 The empire was known for its extensive agricultural system, which included sophisticated irrigation techniques that supported its prosperous rice cultivation.
- 🏛️ The Khmer Empire constructed the magnificent temple of Angkor Wat, which remains the largest religious monument in the world.
- 🔥 The empire experienced a series of collapses and revivals, with the last collapse occurring in the 14th century due to uncontrolled rebellions and the loss of key territories.
- 🌊 The Srivijaya Empire, known as the 'Golden Age', dominated the maritime trade in Southeast Asia, controlling the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java.
- 📚 They were heavily influenced by Chinese Buddhism, which became the state religion and contributed to the spread of Mahayana Buddhism throughout the region.
- 🏰 The Majapahit Empire emerged as a dominant power in the Malay Archipelago, with its territory stretching from the Spice Islands to Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula.
- 👑 Gaja Mada was a key leader and military strategist of the Majapahit Empire, expanding its territory to include modern-day Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, and parts of the Philippines.
- 📉 The empire's power waned due to various religious and cultural influences and the arrival of foreign powers, leading to its eventual decline.
- 🏝️ The Champa Kingdom, located in what is now southern Vietnam, expanded its territory and had significant interactions with the Khmer Empire and the Vietnamese.
- 🌐 The region's history is marked by the rise and fall of various kingdoms and empires, reflecting a complex tapestry of cultural, religious, and political influences.
Q & A
Who was Jayavarman II and what was his significance?
-Jayavarman II was a ruler of the Khmer Empire and is considered the greatest leader of the Khmer. He is known for establishing the empire's capital at Angkor Thom and for his significant contributions to the region's development.
What is the significance of Angkor Wat?
-Angkor Wat is the largest and most well-known temple in the region, built during the time of Jayavarman II. It is considered the pinnacle of Khmer architecture and served as a burial place for kings.
What was the role of Jayavarman I in the Khmer Empire?
-Jayavarman I led the Khmer Empire during a period of prosperity and expansion, engaging in diplomacy between India and China, and establishing the empire's dominance over neighboring kingdoms.
What was the impact of the irrigation system on the Khmer Empire?
-The irrigation system was a key factor in the prosperity of the Khmer Empire, allowing for increased agricultural production which in turn supported the empire's growth and stability.
What caused the fall of the Khmer Empire?
-The fall of the Khmer Empire was due to uncontrolled rebellions from various kings and the eventual takeover by the Siamese.
Who were the Srivijaya and what was their significance?
-The Srivijaya were a powerful maritime empire that controlled the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java. They were known for their wealth in gold and their influence in spreading Buddhism and Hinduism.
What was the significance of the Borobudur temple?
-Borobudur is a significant monument of the Srivijaya, showcasing their belief in Mahayana Buddhism. It is a large Buddhist temple and a testament to their architectural prowess.
How did the Majapahit Empire expand its influence?
-The Majapahit Empire expanded its influence through the conquest of smaller kingdoms and by establishing control over the trade routes in the region, including the Spice Islands.
Who was Gaja Mada and what was his role in the Majapahit Empire?
-Gaja Mada was the most famous military leader and Prime Minister of the Majapahit Empire. He played a key role in the empire's success, leading it to its peak of power and territorial expansion.
What was the Champa Kingdom's location and significance?
-The Champa Kingdom was located in the central and southern parts of what is now Vietnam and along the coast. It was significant for its maritime trade and cultural influence in the region.
What happened to the Champa Kingdom in the 9th century?
-In the 9th century, the Champa Kingdom was invaded and eventually conquered by the Vietnamese, leading to the loss of their territory and influence.
What were the origins of the early settlements in the Philippine Archipelago?
-The early settlements in the Philippine Archipelago were formed by ethnic groups such as the Negrito and Indonesian-Malays, who arrived via sea and river routes.
Outlines
🏰 The Khmer Empire and Southeast Asian Dynasties
The script discusses the ancient Khmer Empire, which was a dominant power in Southeast Asia, with Jayavarman II as its greatest ruler. The empire was known for its extensive irrigation systems and monumental architecture, such as the temple of Angkor Wat, which served as a burial site for kings. The Khmer Empire also engaged in diplomacy with India and China, and established a second capital at Angkor Thom. The script also covers the fall of the Khmer Empire due to uncontrolled rebellions and the rise of the Srivijaya Empire, which was known as the Golden Age due to its wealth from the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java. The Srivijaya Empire was influenced by Chinese Buddhism and had control over the maritime trade routes, including the Spice Islands. The script also mentions the Sailendra Dynasty, which was known for its Borobudur temple and was a proponent of Mahayana Buddhism. The Srivijaya Empire eventually fell to the Javanese, leading to the rise of the Majapahit Empire, which was the most powerful empire in the Malay Archipelago and had strong ties with Vietnam, China, and Thailand. The Majapahit Empire expanded its territory under the leadership of Gaja Mada and Hayam Wuruk, and the script highlights the spread of Islam in the region.
🌏 The Champa Kingdom and the Spread of Chinese Influence
The second paragraph delves into the Champa Kingdom, located in the central and southern parts of present-day Vietnam, which expanded its territory in the third century. The script discusses the influence of Chinese power in the region, which led to the decline of the Champa Kingdom and the fall of the Srivijaya Empire. It also mentions the kingdom's control over the Mekong Delta and its eventual conquest by the Vietnamese. The script also covers the Chinese occupation of the region for five years and the Vietnamese victory in 938. The Champa Kingdom was eventually absorbed into the Annamese Empire, which was part of the Chinese Han Dynasty and later became an independent kingdom. The script also discusses the cultural influence of China on the region, the Mongol invasions, and the movement of people southward into Burma, Malay, and the Philippines. It also mentions the Malay Archipelago, which was originally inhabited by ethnic groups such as the Negrito Indonesian and Malaysian, and the establishment of the first settlements in the Philippines before the 15th century. The script concludes with a discussion of the origin of the word 'Barangay', which is derived from the ancient Malay term 'balangay', referring to a community of families or followers led by a leader.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Khmer Empire
💡Angkor Wat
💡Jayavarman II
💡Srivijaya
💡Majapahit Empire
💡Gaja Mada
💡Champa Kingdom
💡Urbanization
💡Islam
💡Siam
💡Malay Archipelago
Highlights
The ancient civilization in Southeast Asia was anchored by the Khmer Empire.
Jayavarman II was a prominent leader of the Khmer Empire.
Wat is the largest and oldest temple in the region, currently located in Cambodia.
The Khmer Empire had significant diplomatic relations between India and China.
The empire expanded by conquering nearby kingdoms and establishing the capital of Angkor.
The fall of the Khmer Empire was due to an unstoppable rebellion from the kings.
The Srivijaya Empire began in the 7th century and was known as the Golden Age.
The empire was rich in gold mines and controlled the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java.
The Srivijaya Empire was influenced by Chinese Buddhism.
The Sailendra Dynasty was known for the Borobudur temple, a heritage of Buddhism.
The Majapahit Empire was a significant kingdom in the Malay Archipelago.
The Majapahit Empire had good relations with Vietnam, China, and Thailand.
Gajah Mada was the most famous leader, military, and prime minister of the Majapahit Empire.
The empire expanded its territory to modern-day Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, and the southern Philippines.
The fall of the Majapahit Empire was due to the inability to understand the Chinese interest in the region.
The Champa Kingdom was located in the southern part of the current Vietnam and extended to the Red River Delta.
The Vietnamese eventually took control of the Mekong Delta, leaving the Khmer Empire.
The Cham people were puppets of the Vietnamese and eventually lost their territory.
The Anam Empire became part of the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty of China.
The Siam Kingdom was culturally similar to Chinese culture.
The Shambhala Empire was the current land of Thailand.
The Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, and the Philippines were once part of the Malay Archipelago.
The original inhabitants of the Malay Archipelago were ethnic groups such as Negrito Indonesian and Malaysian.
The Philippines had early settlements with influences from Malay Polynesian.
Transcripts
sinaunang kabihasnan sa Timog Silangang
Asya imperyong anchor kmer dating
pinakamakapangyarihang lupain sa rehiyon
kasalukuyang matatagpuan sa
Cambodia pinamunuan ni Jay varman II na
itinuring na pinakamalakas na pinuno ng
Khmer ang Cor
Wat ang pinakadakilang ipinagawa sa
panahong ito ito rin ang kinikilalang
pin Matanda at pinakamalaking templo
jayavarman i i pinangunahan niya ang
pakikipagkalakalan sa pagitan ng India
at China sinakop ang mga kalapit na
kaharian itinatag ang kabisera ng anchor
Tom Ipinatayo niya rin ang ikalawang
kabisera na anchor
Wat angor Tom at angor Wat mga dakilang
templo nagsilbing libingan ng mga haring
k gavan the
7th natamo ng Imperyong Khmer ang
tugatog ng
kapangyarihan masagana na ang panahong
ito dahil sa piyang buting sistema ng
irigasyon
umuulit ng hanggang Apat na beses ang
ani pagbagsak ng Imperyong kamer
bumagsak ito noong
14 t bunga ng hindi mapigilang rebelyon
mula sa mga kahariang
sinakop impong s vi
[Musika]
imperyong s vijaya nagsimula ang imperyo
noong ika siglo kinilala ang kaharian
bilang dalampasigan ng ginto dahil
mayaman sila sa Mina ng ginto nasakop
nila ang Malay Peninsula sumatra
kalimantan at Java naimpluwensiya sila
ng relihiyong Buddhism ng
China ang kanilang pwersang pandagat ito
ay dahil sa kapit at kontrolado nila ang
mga ang
pangkalakalan binubuo dating sumatra
Saon Java celebes Borneo at timog ng
Pilipinas may hawak dati ng Spice
rot kaharian ng
sendra kaharian ng sendra hari ng
kabundukan ang kahulugan sa salitang
sanskrit ng sailendras isa sa kilalang
pamana nila ang borobor isa itong banal
na kabundukan isa itong pamana ng
Bud naniniwala sa mahayana Buddhism kaya
pinalibutan angor ng mga Monument ni
budha naging tahimik hanggang sa
dumating ang pakikipagtunggali ng mga
ito sa angka ng mga sandaya na
naninirahan din sa Java natalo ang angka
ng sendra na tuluyan ng lumipat sa
sumatra ipinagpatuloy ng angkang sendra
ang
pakikipagkalakalan ang maay na kanilang
kaugnayan ay nauwi sa hindi
pagkakaunawaan At noong
125 tuluyan ng nagwakas ang dinastiyang
sailendra imperyong majapahit
imperyong majapahit isang kaharian sa
silangang Java kahulihulihang kaharian
ng malay archipelago si riden wijaya ang
nagtatag
noong sakop nito ang new
mula Spice Islands hanggang sumatra pati
na ang Malay
Peninsula nagkaroon ito ng maayos na
pakikipag-ugnayan sa Vietnam China at
Thailand imperyong majapahit
pinalakas ng maapit ang kanilang imperyo
sa pamamagitan ng pagsakop sa malilit na
kaharian lumawak ang kapangyarihan nila
hanggang sa Malay Peninsula umunlad ang
maap jit sa pamumuno ni gaj mada
gaj mada ang pinakatanyag na leader
military at Punong ministro ng imperyo
sa mad pahit sa tugatog ng tagumpay sa
kanyang panunungkulan Nasakop niya ang
kabuuang teritoryo ng mga modernong
teritoryo ng mga bansang Indonesia
Singapore Malaysia Brunei at katimugang
Pilipinas tinalo ng majapahit ang
srivijaya sa pamumuno ni hayam buruk
noong
at L taong gulang pa lamang kilala siya
bilang pinakamagaling na pinuno ng
kaharian siya ay masugid na tagasunod ng
Hinduism at
Buddhism pinalawak niya ang imperyo
hanggang mukas timog Burma indochina
Laos Vietnam at Cambodia kanlurang new
guine Sulu archipelago at rehiyon ng
lanaw sa
Pilipinas nagsimula ang urbanisasyon at
lumago ang kalan lumago ang kalakalan ng
mga pampalasa lumaganap ang Islam
pagkakaroon ng interes ng mga Tsino sa
rehiyon na nagb sanhi ng panibangong
tunggalian sa
lupain Dahil sa iba't ibang pwersang
pang relihiyon at sa pagdating ng mga
dayuhan ay humina ang pwersa ng imperyo
at bumagsak sila dating may hawak sa
Spice Islands binubuo dati ng Laos
Vietnam Cambodia new guine Sulu at lanao
Ang kaharian ng
champa kaharian ng champa matatagpuan sa
katimugang bahagi ng baybayin ng
kasalukuyang Vietnam nakad sa karagatan
noong ikatlong siglo napalawak ng mga
tiam ang kanilang teritoryo pahilaga
hanggang sa Red River delta at iba pang
teritoryo sa Timog
Tsina laaang siglo sinubukang sa sakupin
ng Vietnam sa ilalim ng pamumuno ng
pamilyang tran ang tampa napagwagian
naman ng mga cham na makontrol ang
katimugang bahagi ng kanilang teritoryo
mekong delta hindi naglaon na sakop ng
Khmer noong
1007 magkatulong na nilusob at tinalo ng
mga Khmer at cham ang mga Vietnamese
tuluyang iniwan ng Khmer ang meong delta
ika tatong siglo sinakop ng hukbo ni
kublan ang tampa nanatili ang mga Tsino
sa lupain ng limang taon hanggang sa ito
ay tuluyang matalo ng mga Vietnamese
noong 12 Dal 87 pinamunuan ng mga cham
na mistulang poppet ng mga vietnames
1,832 tuluyang sinakop ng mga Vietnamese
ang kabuang lupain ng
champa ang imperyong anam naging bahagi
ng Dinastiyang Han hanggang dinastiyang
tang ng Tsina naging malayang kaharian
lamang Nong siam naraan t siam sii hanoy
ang kabesera kahawig ng kulturang
Tsino ang imperyong
Sham ang imperyong Sham Thailand sa
kasalukuyan lupain ng malalaya kahariang
ng cho ng salakayin ng mongol sila Ay
napilitang lumipat patimog hanggang iba
ay nakapasok sa Burma malay
philipines dati ng binubuo ng Malay
Peninsula Indonesia at Pilipinas
kasalukuyang malay archipelago na
binubuo ng Pilipinas Indonesia
federation of Malaysia Brunei timor
leste at Singapore unang nanirahan sa
malay archipelago ang mga pangkat
etnikong Negrito Indonesian at Malaysian
kapuluan ng Pilipinas Pilipinas bago ang
100,00
65 ayon sa mga teorya at tradisyon ang
orihinal na mga barangay ay mga
panirahan natagpuan sabaybay dagat o
pampang at log na nabuo dala ng
pandarayuhan ng mga taong malayo
Polynesian Pilipinas bago ang 15
lima mga unang Barangay dito sa
Pilipinas na may nandayuhan 1 panay 2
Maynila 3 Cebu 4 Holo 5
Butuan ang salitang Barangay ay hango sa
salitang balangay na lumang bangkang
malay binubuo ng TL mag-anak o mahigit
pa may pinuno at tagasunod
maihahalintulad sa Isang Munting
kaharian na pinamumunuan isa Dat dalwa
rah gan
[Musika]
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