Anatomy of Male Reproductive System | Model

Summary

This educational video script delves into the male reproductive system, highlighting key structures like the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and penis. It explains the sperm production in seminiferous tubules, storage in the epididymis, and the journey through the vas deferens to the seminal vesicles. The script also covers the anatomy of the penis, including the sensitive glans penis and the erectile tissues. It details the path of semen through the urethra, the role of the prostate gland, and ends with the muscles controlling ejaculation and defecation, providing a comprehensive overview of male reproductive anatomy.

Takeaways

• 🔬 The testes are the primary male reproductive organs responsible for sperm production and are composed of seminiferous tubules.
• 🌡️ The epididymis is a comma-shaped structure that stores and matures sperm before ejaculation.
• 💧 The pampiniform plexus is a network of blood vessels, including arteries and veins, surrounding the spermatic cord.
• 🚦 The vas deferens is a muscular tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.
• 🌊 The seminal vesicles produce seminal fluid, which combines with sperm to form semen.
• 🔗 The vas deferens and seminal vesicles join to form the common ejaculatory duct, which passes through the prostate gland.
• 🍥 The prostate gland contributes to the formation of semen by secreting a fluid that mixes with sperm and seminal fluid.
• 🍏 The bulbourethral glands, or Cowper's glands, secrete mucus that neutralizes the acidity of the urethra and lubricates the urethra during ejaculation.
• 💪 The cremaster muscle is a skeletal muscle that can elevate the testes and is derived from the internal oblique muscle of the abdominal wall.
• 🌌 The urethra is divided into the prostatic, membranous, and spongy (penile) urethra, each serving different functions in the transport of urine and semen.
• 🏋️ The external urethral sphincter is under voluntary control, allowing for conscious regulation of urination and ejaculation.

Q & A

What is the primary function of the seminiferous tubules?

The primary function of the seminiferous tubules is sperm production.

Where are sperm stored and mature in the male reproductive system?

Sperm are stored and mature in the epididymis.

What is the role of the pampiniform plexus in the male reproductive system?

The pampiniform plexus is a network of blood vessels, including arteries and veins, that provide blood supply to the testes.

What does the vas deferens transport?

The vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts during ejaculation.

What is the function of the seminal vesicles?

The seminal vesicles produce seminal fluid, which is a component of semen that helps nourish and transport sperm.

How does the spermatic cord relate to the vas deferens?

The spermatic cord contains the vas deferens, blood vessels, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels, and provides support and structure to the male reproductive organs.

What is the purpose of the cremaster muscle?

The cremaster muscle is a skeletal muscle that elevates the testes, which can help regulate temperature for sperm production.

What is the role of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

The prostate gland contributes additional fluid to the semen, which aids in nourishing and protecting the sperm.

What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?

The bulbourethral glands produce a small amount of mucus that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes its acidity before ejaculation.

What is the difference between the Corpus spongiosum and Corpus cavernosum?

The Corpus spongiosum surrounds the urethra and helps keep it open during ejaculation, while the Corpus cavernosum is erectile tissue that expands with blood during an erection, helping to maintain the engorgement of the penis.

How does the trigone relate to the bladder's structure?

The trigone is a triangular area in the bladder formed by the constriction of the internal urethral sphincter and the ureter orifices, and it is where the ureters enter the bladder.

Outlines

00:00

🧬 Male Reproductive System Overview

This paragraph introduces the male reproductive system, focusing on the testes as the primary organ for sperm production. The seminiferous tubules within the testes are highlighted as the site of spermatogenesis. The epididymis is mentioned as the storage and maturation area for sperm before ejaculation. The paragraph also describes the vas deferens, which transports sperm from the epididymis, and its journey through the inguinal canal to the seminal vesicles. The role of the seminal vesicles in producing seminal fluid, a component of semen, is also explained. The common ejaculatory duct, formed by the union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles, is noted as it passes through the prostate gland. The penis is described with emphasis on the glans penis, rich in touch receptors and sensitive to tactile stimuli. The spermatic cord, containing the vas deferens, blood vessels, and nerves, is also discussed.

05:00

🔍 Internal Anatomy of the Testes

The second paragraph delves into the internal structure of the testes, explaining the seminiferous tubules and their role in sperm production. It details the path sperm takes from the tubules through the tubulus rectus and the rete testis into the epididymis. The epididymis's function in sperm storage and maturation is reiterated. The vas deferens is again mentioned, emphasizing its upward journey through the inguinal canal to meet the seminal vesicles. The formation of the common ejaculatory duct within the prostate gland by the union of the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicles is described. The paragraph also covers the anatomy of the bladder, including the detrusor muscle and the internal urethral sphincter, and introduces the concept of the trigone within the bladder. The pubic symphysis is briefly mentioned as part of the overall pelvic anatomy.

10:00

🚨 Urethra and Ejaculatory Pathways

The final paragraph discusses the various sections of the male urethra, including the prostatic, membranous, and spongy (penile) urethra. It explains the role of the bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands) in producing mucus to neutralize the acidity of the urethra and lubricate the penis. The erectile tissues, Corpus spongiosum and Corpus cavernosum, are described in the context of their function during erections, with the former keeping the urethra open during ejaculation and the latter facilitating penile engorgement. The paragraph also touches on the anatomy of the rectum and anal canal, mentioning the anal sinuses, internal and external anal sphincters, and their roles in controlling defecation.

Keywords

💡Testes

The testes are the primary male sex organs responsible for the production of sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone. In the video, the testes are described as having an external view and internal structures called seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. This is central to the video's theme as it sets the stage for understanding the male reproductive system.

💡Seminiferous tubules

Seminiferous tubules are the coiled tubes within the testes where sperm cells develop. The script mentions that these tubules are the site of sperm production, which is a critical aspect of the male reproductive process. Understanding the function of these tubules is essential for grasping how sperm is generated.

💡Epididymis

The epididymis is a comma-shaped structure that sits on the back of each testis. As described in the script, it is where sperm mature and are stored before ejaculation. The epididymis plays a vital role in the male reproductive system by acting as a reservoir for sperm.

💡Pampiniform plexus

The pampiniform plexus is a network of veins and arteries that surround the spermatic cord. The script describes it as a blood vessel connection, which is crucial for temperature regulation and nutrient supply to the testes. This network is significant for maintaining the testes' health and function.

💡Vas deferens

The vas deferens is a muscular tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts during ejaculation. The video script explains that it moves upwards through the inguinal canal and fuses with the seminal vesicles, forming the common ejaculatory duct. This duct is a key component of the male reproductive system for sperm transport.

💡Seminal vesicles

Seminal vesicles are glands that produce a fluid that makes up part of semen. The script mentions that they produce seminal fluid, which combines with sperm to form semen. This fluid nourishes and supports the sperm, highlighting the seminal vesicles' importance in reproduction.

💡Prostate gland

The prostate gland is a gland in the male reproductive system that contributes additional fluid to semen. The video describes how the common ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland, which adds its secretions to the semen. The prostate gland plays a role in nourishing and protecting the sperm.

💡Spermatic cord

The spermatic cord is a structure in males that contains the vas deferens, testicular arteries and veins, and cremaster muscle. The script describes it as a connective tissue core that includes these components and runs upwards, providing support and blood supply to the testes. This cord is essential for the reproductive and physiological functions of the testes.

💡Cremaster muscle

The cremaster muscle is a skeletal muscle that elevates the testes. As the script explains, it arises from the internal oblique muscle and plays a role in temperature regulation of the testes. This muscle is significant as it helps to protect the testes from potential damage due to temperature changes.

💡Urethra

The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body and also carries semen during ejaculation. The video script describes the different parts of the urethra, such as the prostatic urethra and the membranous urethra. Understanding the urethra's function is key to understanding both the excretory and reproductive systems in males.

💡Erectile tissue

Erectile tissue is specialized tissue that fills with blood to cause an erection. The script mentions two types: the Corpus spongiosum and the Corpus cavernosum. These tissues are crucial for the process of achieving and maintaining an erection, which is essential for sexual function and reproduction.

Highlights

Introduction to the male reproductive system

External view of the testes and its components

Function of the seminiferous tubules in sperm production

Role of the epididymis in sperm storage and maturation

Description of the pampiniform plexus and its blood vessels

Explanation of the vas deferens and its path through the inguinal canal

Formation of the common ejaculatory duct by the vas deferens and seminal vesicles

Anatomy of the penis and the sensitive glans penis

Structure and function of the spermatic cord

Role of the cremaster muscle in elevating the testes

Internal structure of the testes and the path of sperm

Connection of the epididymis to the vas deferens

Path of the vas deferens through the prostate gland

Function of the seminal vesicles in producing seminal fluid

Anatomy of the bladder and the detrusor muscle

Description of the internal urethral sphincter and its function

Structure and function of the trigone in the bladder

Path of the common ejaculatory duct and its fusion with the urethra

Anatomy of the urogenital diaphragm and its muscles

Function of the external urethral sphincter and its voluntary control

Description of the different parts of the urethra

Role of the bulbourethral glands in lubrication and neutralization

Function of the erectile tissues in the penis

Anatomy of the rectum and anal canal

Function of the internal and external anal sphincters

Transcripts

all right engineers in this video we're

going to talk about the male

reproductive system all right so let's

go ahead and look at this model here so

if we first look off we're going to look

at the testes now this part right here

is actually going to be the testes we'll

take a look at its internal view in just

a second but for right now this is the

external view of the testes okay it's

consisting of What's called the

seminiferous tubules now the semi nerous

tubules are basically where sperm

production is occurring now on the top

of the testes and kind of going

posterior and backwards we'll see

another view of it in a second is the

epidemis so b b is the epidemis and this

is where the sperm is actually going to

be stored and matur until the

ejaculation response then if you come

over here we're going to have this nice

little like blood vessel connection here

they call this blood vessel connection

they actually call it the pampiniform

plexus it's actually made up of a lot of

different types of blood vessels

arteries and veins and stuff like that

okay now if we move upwards we're going

to hit this structure here called the

vast deference now the vast Defence

actually is going to move upwards and

upwards and upwards and it's going to

move through this little tube here

called the inguinal canal and it moves

up through the inguinal Canal goes

posteriorly and it fuses with this

structure here in the back so I'm going

to turn it just a tad bit here so you

guys can see that view this right here

you can see the actual vast deference

it's going to come over here and it's

actually going to it's going to go into

a dilated part called the ampula of the

vast Defence and then the ampula of the

vast difference is going to fuse with a

small little ejaculatory duct of the

seminal vesicles so this structure right

here is called the seminal vesicles it's

basically producing what's called

seminol fluid okay which is basically

helping to be a component of the

semen then the vast Defence and the

seminal vesicles will join and they'll

form What's called the common

ejaculatory duct which will move through

the process GL and we'll see that in a

second now I'm going to come back into

the anterior view for a second so we can

take a look at this

again so now if you look here we're

going to have the penis here right the

actual the whole penis we have like the

root of it the shaft and then this this

bottom part here the tip this part here

the tip of the penis is called the

glands penis okay very very rich in a

lot of different types of touch

receptors and and uh very very sensitive

to tactile stimuli or touch stimuli okay

so if you guys look here this is going

to be you see this kind of like uh

silverish opaque is like tissue here

it's actually going to be a nice little

connective tissue core they actually

call the spat spermatic cord now what

the spermatic cord consists of is it

consists of the vast efference it's

going to consist of the blood vessels

that testicular blood vessels it's also

going to consist of some connective

tissue wrapping around it and then on

top of that you're going to have that

vast Defence so we had the vast Defence

we're going to have blood vessels we're

going to have a connective tissue sheath

and it's going to be running upwards and

there's also going to be some nerve

fibers and a little bit of lymphatic

vessels in that area too and it's going

to be running upwards surrounded by a

connective tissue sheath called the

spermatic cord now on the spermatic cord

you're going to have another muscle here

you can kind of see it coming down in

bands this is actually a skeletal muscle

it's actually called the creas muscle

it's a muscle that elevates the testes

it's actually arises from What's called

the internal oblique muscle which is an

abdominal wall muscle then again if we

follow it upwards we're going to see the

vast Defence kind of poking out of it so

this right here is going to be the vast

Defence the vast deference is going to

again move posteriorly and it's going to

join with What's called the seminal

vesicles let's turn this around for a

second

here so if you look here you're going to

see again vast Defence the vast Defence

will then join with a nice little plump

uh structure here called the seminal

vesicles and the seminal vesicles

produce seminal fluid that will combine

with the actual vast Defence form the

common ejaculatory duct that will move

through the prostate gland and into the

prostatic urethra and we'll see that in

a second here all right so now I'm going

to come back here anterior and again

just to get a little bit orientation of

anatomy this is going to be the bladder

right here so this is the superior

surface of the bladder okay so another

structure that we're going to look at

here is inside of the testes so if you

look inside here you can actually see

where the seminiferous tubules would be

and again they're going to have these

little tubes called the tubulus rectus

and then the epher duct tooles but what

happens is in the back here you're going

to see C there before it goes into this

kind of like part right here you're

actually going to have a part here which

is going to be called you can see here B

is the epidemis C is called the RIT

tesus these little tubes that actually

push the epher duct tools back into the

put in the sperm from the testes into

the epidemis and then if you have here

here's the epidemis and the epidemis

will actually connect with the vast

Defence and the vast eff will run

upwards and then running with it again

is going to be these blood vessels that

have some nerve fibers lymphatic vessels

and wrapped in connective tissue which

is called the spermatic cord like we saw

which runs upwards gives off that vast

Defence which moves through the inguinal

canal and supplies or combines with the

seminal vesicles to form the common

ejaculatory duct all right guys so now

let's take a look here if you look here

we're kind of looking at like a sagital

section so we're slicing this bad boy

down here I want to take a look here

inside of the testes because we looked

outside of it now I want to look inside

of it so if you look inside of the

testes you see this whole part right

here kind of like this uh this weird

color here

uh this part right here is going to be

the testes okay so that's the testes

that's where the seminiferous tubules

are okay that's where the seminiferous

tubules are that's where the sperm is

being produced now what happens is the

sperm is actually going to travel to

another structure you can kind of see it

here B it kind of like imagine like a

comma like I'm coming like this

downwards so I make like a comma that's

going to be the epidemis so the epidemis

is kind of like a comma shaped structure

what happens is the seminiferous tubules

produce sperm and that sperm is going to

track travel through vessels called like

the tubulus rectus and the RIT tesus and

epher ductules and they'll empty into

this structure here called the

epidemis then what happens is whenever

we want to ejaculate the epidemis will

actually push that sperm into this neck

structure here D and D is called the

vast Defence now the vast Defence we

already said will run upwards and what

happens is it'll run up with these blood

vessels here it'll run up with nerve

fibers lymphatic vessels wrapped in a

connective tissue sheath which we call

the uh spermatic cord then what happens

is it runs upwards right it'll come up

through the inguinal canal and it'll go

backwards and combine with that

structure that we already talked about

called the seminal vesicles and it'll

produce a structure whenever the seminal

vesicle combines with the vast

difference it produces a structure right

here it's really really faint this

little divot right here in the prostate

gland that little divot there is

actually called the common ejaculatory

duct

okay so it's a tiny little divot there

which is called the common ejaculatory

duct and that is the combination of the

vast deference and a duct of the seminal

vesicles that fuse together and run

through the prostate gland as the common

ejaculatory duct then this is your

prostate gland this is actually going to

be the bladder so this is the bladder

right here and actually if you look at

the muscular layers of the bladder is

actually going to be What's called the

det trusser muscle which is a smooth

muscle layer this is going to be the

mucosa of the bladder which is made up

of uh transitional epithelial tissue

which allows for the bladder to stretch

you're also going to have a little

sphincter here a little smooth muscle

sphincter right here called the internal

urethro sphincter and then inside here

you're going to have ruge which is all

these like kind of like this little like

um extensions here of the the

transitional aelio tissue we also have

another structure we'll talk about this

more later but there's actually another

structure here called the trigone it's

hard to see in this view but the trigone

is actually made up of three things one

it's made up of one urer like for

example this would be a gurer from the

right side so it's called A urer orifice

which is just a hole where the urer

empties the urine in and if you would

imagine the left side you can't see

there but the left side there'd be

another uror orifice which is emptying

the urine into the bladder mucosa all

right or the cavity Lumin then you're

going to have the urethra the urethra

and it kind of like the internal urethra

shink through here constricts it and

makes it really tight and forms kind of

like a triangular structure called the

trigone okay so the trigone is made up

of the urer orifices both of them and

the urethra and the intern urethra shter

constricts the urethra to make it look

like a triangle all right cool uh just a

little bit more Anatomy here this is

your pubic SYM this is actually the

pubic symphysis is and now let's keep

coming down here if we keep coming down

here here's the common ejaculatory duct

the common ejaculatory duct will

actually combine with this urethra right

here it'll empty the sperm and the semen

into the urethra right here this urethra

because it's running through the

prostate gland is actually called the

prostatic urethra all right then here's

where it gets a little weird here a

little dicey in here if you can see you

can see the skeletal muscle right here

and it comes all the way over to this

side too this is making up what's called

the urogenital diaphragm so the

urogenital diaphragm is made up of this

muscle that moves all the way across

here there's two muscles that make it up

one is called the Deep transverse penus

and the other one is a really really

important one which is going to be kind

of right in here here it's called the

external urethal schiner why is that

important because the external urethal

schiner is under sematic control so

whenever we have to urinate we actually

have voluntary control over that muscle

so that we don't you know pee in our

pants all right so again that's going to

be the urogenital diaphragm now if you

remember we said that this is the

prostatic urethra this right here is the

urogenital diaphragm once the semen or

the urine flows through this space right

here where the urogenital diaphragm is

this is now called the membranous

urethra so prostatic urethra is the

urethra that's running within the

prostate gland the other urethra within

the Mal is where the urogenital

diaphragm is that's going to be called

the membranous urethra very very small

urethra oo another thing there's a

little gland in here a little gland back

here that squirts a little bit of um

basically kind of like a alkaline mucus

that lubricates the gland's penis and

actually helps to neutralize the acidic

tract of the urethra it's called the

bulbo urethal glands or you can also

call the cowers glands and again they

produce kind of like an alkaline mucus

pre-ejaculation that actually is going

to neutralize the acidic tract of the

actual penal urethra and lubricate the

gland's penis so what it's called the

Calpers gland so we got prostatic

urethra membranous urethra then once we

go past the urogenital diaphragm we

enter into this really really long

urethal all all the way down here which

is called the spongy or penile urethra

okay so spongy or penile urethra is

going from here all the way down here

now there's some erectile tissue they

call it spongy or penile urethra spongy

is because it consists of like a spongy

connective tissue surrounding it and

it's basically called erectile tissue so

there's two types of erectile tissue

this one right here that you're going to

see is like uh all this part here it's

kind of like the darker purple that is

actually going to be called the and you

can see here it's consist What's called

the Corpus spongiosum so the Corpus

spongiosum is actually going to be this

actual darker purple erectile tissue and

what the Corpus spongiosum does is it

actually kind of keeps the urethra open

during the ejaculatory response then if

you look here you're going to have

another type of erectile tissue right

here and then right here all 67

basically all this part here that kind

of like um like a babyish blue color

right there that part right there that's

actually called called the Corpus

cavernosum and the Corpus cavernosum

whenever this guy contracts basically

he'll expand so the erectile tissue is

rich in blood vessels and whenever it's

innervated due to some type of tactile

stimuli or parasympathetic nervous

system it'll cause the actual erectile

tissue to get filled with blood which

will compress the actual veins that are

trying to drain the blood and help to be

able to maintain the engorgement of the

penis during the erectile response okay

so he's helping to be able to uh engorge

the penis with blood and prevent any

blood from actually leaking out of the

penis all right or out of the actual

veins from the penis okay so we got

sponger Peno urethra sweet deal let's do

a couple more structures here and then

we're going to be done if you look in

the posterior aspect here just to get a

little bit more Anatomy here this is

actually going to be the uh you know

your rectum so you're going to have your

rectum here and then the rectum will

lead into What's called the anal Canal

now in the anal Canal you're going to

have these little grooves here called

the anal sinuses not that important but

just thought i' mention it there but

there's two muscles that are really

important this one right here is 85 kind

of like the inner layer here inner layer

here 85 is going to be a specific type

of muscle that's lining the um anal

canal and this is called the internal

anal sphincter okay so 85 is called the

internal anal sphincter it's under

involuntary control so whenever we got

to go poo poo this guy is going to say

uh-uh I ain't doing it if the if the

parasympathetic nervous system activates

me got to to go 84 he's very nice with

us right so 84 he's actually very um

accommodating he's called the external

anal sphincter so whenever you got to go

drop that bomb what happens is this guy

you have voluntary control over him so

whenever you really got to go uh blast

that guy out what happens is this guy

you're going to have voluntary control

over so you can determine if the time is

appropriate to do that if not then he

will con stay constricted but then if it

is time to go to the bathroom and you

have to go restock the lake with brown

trout then this guy is going to go ahead

and if it's under voluntary control you

can go ahead and actually relax this guy

and you'll actually Evacuate the bowels

all right all right so we covered a

decent amount of structures here for the

male reproductive system I hope it all

made sense I hope you guys did enjoy it

if you guys did please hit the like

button comment down in the comment

section and please subscribe as always

ninja NS until next time