APUSH Period 2 Speed Review

Summary

This educational video script reviews key historical events and developments in British North America. It covers Spanish colonization of Central and South America, French and Dutch settlements, and English colonies' establishment and growth. The script also discusses the Triangular Trade, labor systems including indentured servitude and slavery, and conflicts with Native Americans. It highlights the Great Awakening's religious and social impact, leading to new denominations and questioning of British authority.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The Spanish colonized Central and South America and the Caribbean, mining silver, establishing sugar plantations, and exploiting the labor of Natives and Africans.
• 🇫🇷 The French focused on finding the Northwest Passage and had friendlier trade relations with the Natives compared to other colonizers.
• 🏙️ The Dutch established the colony of New Amsterdam, trading with natives but with less focus on religious conversion.
• 🏰 The English sought permanent settlements with greater freedom from the crown, religious diversity, and social mobility, leading to conflicts with Native Americans.
• 🚢 The first British settlers arrived at Jamestown, making profits through tobacco plantations and relying on slave labor.
• 📜 The first elected legislative body in the colonies, the House of Burgesses, was founded in Virginia in 1619.
• 🌱 The New England colonies were established by Puritans seeking religious freedom, with Massachusetts Bay being a model religious community.
• 🌾 The Middle Colonies were economically diverse, known as the 'Bread Basket' due to crop cultivation, and attracted various European ethnic groups.
• 📊 The Southern Colonies had lucrative rice and indigo plantations, relying heavily on slave labor and having a large port city in Charleston.
• 🔄 The British colonies participated in the Triangular Trade, exporting more than they imported, under the mercantilist theory.
• 🔗 The Great Awakening was a religious revival in the 1730s and 1740s that challenged the Church of England and encouraged colonists to question British authority.

Q & A

What were the primary activities of the Spanish in Central and South America?

The Spanish mined silver, established sugar plantations, and exploited the labor of Natives and Africans.

How did the Spanish monarchy exert control over New Spain?

The Spanish monarchy heavily controlled New Spain and forced Catholic conversion on the natives.

What were the main objectives of the French in North America?

The French focused on finding the Northwest Passage and establishing waterways like the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River.

What was the demographic characteristic of New France?

New France was sparsely populated and had friendly trade relations with the natives.

What was the Dutch focus in North America?

The Dutch focused on the Northwest Passage and established the colony of New Amsterdam.

How did the English differ from other colonizers in their approach to colonization?

The English sought permanent settlements with families, enjoyed greater freedom from the crown, were religiously diverse, and had a great degree of social mobility.

What was the economic basis of the Chesapeake region?

The Chesapeake region's economy was based on tobacco farming and slave labor.

What was significant about the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

The Massachusetts Bay Colony was described as a 'city upon a hill' and was a model religious community.

How did the Middle Colonies differ from the other British colonial regions?

The Middle Colonies were ethnically diverse, economically diverse, and known for religious tolerance.

What was the Triangular Trade and how did it affect the British colonies?

The Triangular Trade was a trade network between Europe, Africa, and the Americas, and it made the British colonies part of a system where they exported more than they imported, contributing to their wealth.

What was the impact of the First Great Awakening on colonial society?

The First Great Awakening led to a religious revival, separation from the Church of England, and encouraged colonists to question British authority.