Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) | Your ACSA Safety Training

Summary

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a critical risk assessment tool for health and safety programs, identifying and controlling job hazards. It should be conducted by a knowledgeable team including workers and supervisors. The process involves breaking tasks into steps, identifying potential health and safety hazards, assessing risks, and recommending mitigation strategies. JHAs are essential for establishing safe work procedures, training new employees, and investigating incidents, ensuring ongoing safety and reducing the risk of injury or environmental harm.

Takeaways

• 🔍 A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a critical part of health and safety programs, used to identify and control job-related hazards.
• 👷‍♂️ JHA helps establish proper operating procedures and offers recommendations to prevent or eliminate hazards.
• 🚨 Many injuries or fatalities occur due to a lack of knowledge about the correct steps or potential job hazards.
• 👥 JHA should be conducted by a team including workers, supervisors, and relevant experts or specialists.
• 🔗 Involving a team reduces the chance of overlooking steps or hazards.
• 📝 The process begins by breaking the job into small, correctly ordered steps, ideally fewer than 10.
• ⚠️ Each step must be analyzed for potential health and safety hazards, which can be physical, chemical, biological, psychological, or conditions that endanger worker safety.
• 📊 Assessing the risk involves evaluating both the severity and the likelihood of each hazard occurring.
• 🛠️ Recommendations for hazard mitigation should be made immediately, considering elimination, substitution, or control measures like engineering, administrative controls, or PPE.
• 🔄 JHA is essential for communicating job hazards, forming the basis for safe work practices, and providing training for new employees.
• 🔄 Regular JHA reviews and updates are necessary for new tasks or when changes occur, ensuring ongoing safety and effectiveness of control methods.

Q & A

What is a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)?

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a risk assessment tool used in health and safety programs to identify and control job-related hazards.

Why is it important to conduct a JHA?

Conducting a JHA is important because it helps establish proper operating procedures and provides recommendations for preventing or eliminating hazards, reducing the risk of injury or death among workers.

Who should be involved in conducting a JHA?

A JHA should be conducted by a team familiar with the task, including one or more workers familiar with the job, supervisors, and any other relevant experts or specialists.

How should a job be broken down for a JHA?

A job should be broken down into small steps, each representing a part of the operation necessary to advance the work, with a focus on not making the steps too general or too detailed.

What is the recommended maximum number of steps for a JHA?

It is recommended to describe the job in fewer than 10 steps for a JHA.

What are the two types of hazards identified in a JHA?

The two types of hazards identified in a JHA are health hazards, which may cause ill health effects, and safety hazards, which may endanger the immediate safety of workers.

How should potential hazards be assessed in a JHA?

Potential hazards should be assessed by identifying what could lead to injury, illness, or environmental harm, and then ranking each hazard based on severity and probability of occurrence.

What recommendations should be made for each identified hazard?

Recommendations should focus on eliminating the hazard, substituting it with something less dangerous, or controlling the hazard through engineering, administrative controls, or personal protective equipment (PPE).

How often should JHAs be conducted or reviewed?

JHAs should be conducted for each new task and reviewed at regular intervals or when a change in the task has occurred.

What is the purpose of a JHA in terms of employee safety and training?

A JHA serves to communicate job hazards, form the basis for safe work practices and procedures, and provide step-by-step training for new employees. It also aids in investigations in case of injuries or illnesses.

Why is it necessary to continually monitor tasks and confirm the effectiveness of control methods after a JHA?

Continual monitoring ensures that control methods are implemented and effective, helping to maintain employee safety and reduce the chances of injury, illness, and environmental damage.

Outlines

00:00

🔍 Understanding Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a critical part of health and safety programs, serving as a risk assessment tool to identify and control job hazards. It is essential for preventing worker injuries and fatalities by establishing proper operating procedures. A JHA is conducted by a team familiar with the task, including workers, supervisors, and relevant experts. The process begins with observing the job, breaking it into small, correctly ordered steps, and identifying potential hazards for each step. Hazards are categorized into health and safety hazards, with assessments made on their severity and probability. Recommendations for hazard mitigation or control are made, considering elimination, substitution, or control measures like engineering controls, administrative controls, or personal protective equipment (PPE). JHAs are crucial for communicating job hazards, forming the basis for safe work practices, and providing step-by-step training for new employees. Regular monitoring and updates to JHAs are necessary to ensure employee safety and reduce the risk of injury, illness, and environmental harm.

Keywords

💡Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

Job Hazard Analysis, or JHA, is a systematic approach used to identify potential hazards of a specific job. It is a critical component of health and safety programs, as it helps establish proper operating procedures and provides recommendations for preventing or eliminating hazards. In the video, JHA is presented as a tool that, when conducted by a knowledgeable team, can decrease the likelihood of missing steps or hazards, thereby enhancing workplace safety.

💡Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the potential risks associated with a particular task or activity. It is integral to the JHA process, as it involves identifying, analyzing, and determining the likelihood and severity of hazards. The video emphasizes the importance of risk assessment in the context of JHA to ensure that all potential hazards are recognized and addressed.

💡Health Hazards

Health hazards refer to physical, chemical, biological, or psychological agents that may cause health effects to exposed workers. In the video, health hazards are distinguished from safety hazards and are considered in the JHA process to ensure that all potential risks to worker health are identified and mitigated.

💡Safety Hazards

Safety hazards are substances, processes, actions, or conditions that could endanger the immediate safety of workers. The video script explains that safety hazards are a type of risk that needs to be identified during a JHA, and it differentiates them from health hazards, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to hazard identification.

💡Operating Procedures

Operating procedures are the established methods or steps for conducting a specific task or operation. The video discusses how JHA helps in establishing proper operating procedures, which are essential for ensuring that tasks are performed safely and efficiently.

💡Mitigation

Mitigation in the context of JHA refers to the actions taken to reduce the severity or likelihood of a hazard. The video script describes how recommendations for hazard mitigation are made during the JHA process, with the goal of eliminating or controlling hazards to protect workers.

💡Engineering Controls

Engineering controls are physical modifications or alterations made to the workplace or equipment to reduce the risk of hazards. The video mentions engineering controls as one of the methods for controlling hazards identified during a JHA, such as modifying equipment to make it safer.

💡Administrative Controls

Administrative controls involve the implementation of policies, procedures, or work practices to reduce the risk of hazards. The video script includes administrative controls as a part of the hazard control recommendations that can be made during a JHA.

💡Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, refers to devices or garments worn by workers to protect them from health or safety hazards. In the video, PPE is mentioned as a control measure that can be recommended during a JHA to protect workers from identified hazards.

💡Severity and Probability

Severity and probability are used to assess the risk associated with each hazard. Severity refers to the seriousness of the potential harm, while probability refers to the likelihood of the hazard occurring. The video script explains that assessing the severity and probability of hazards is an important step in the JHA process to prioritize risk management efforts.

💡Safe Work Practices

Safe work practices are the methods or techniques used to perform a job in a manner that minimizes risk to workers. The video emphasizes that a JHA forms the basis for establishing safe work practices, which are crucial for maintaining a safe work environment.

Highlights

A job hazard analysis (JHA) is a crucial part of health and safety programs.

JHA is used to identify and control job-related hazards.

Many injuries and fatalities occur due to a lack of hazard recognition or knowledge of correct procedures.

JHA helps establish proper operating procedures and hazard prevention recommendations.

Conducting a JHA involves a team familiar with the task, including workers, supervisors, and specialists.

Involving a team in JHA reduces the chance of overlooking steps or hazards.

Regular workers can identify unsafe shortcuts that need addressing.

Creating a JHA starts with observing the job and breaking it into small, ordered steps.

Steps should be neither too general nor too detailed, ideally fewer than 10.

Identify potential hazards for each step, which could lead to injury, illness, or environmental harm.

Hazards are categorized into health hazards and safety hazards.

Each step may have multiple hazards, which should be numbered and assessed for risk.

Risk assessment involves ranking hazards by severity and probability.

Recommendations for hazard mitigation should be made immediately while focused on the work environment.

Recommendations should aim to eliminate or substitute hazards, or provide control measures.

Hazard controls can include engineering, administrative controls, or personal protective equipment (PPE).

A JHA is useful for communicating job hazards and forming the basis for safe work practices.

It provides step-by-step training for new employees and a starting point for investigations.

JHAs should be regularly monitored and reviewed, especially for new tasks or when tasks change.

Regular JHAs help keep employees safe and reduce the risk of injury, illness, and environmental damage.

Transcripts

A job hazard analysis, or JHA,

is an important component of any health

and safety program.

It is one of many risk assessment tools

that can be used in the formal hazard

assessment process

to identify and control hazards.

Many workers have been injured or killed

because they either don't know the right

steps

or don't recognize the potential hazards

of a job.

JHA's help establish proper operating

procedures

and provide recommendations for

preventing or eliminating hazards.

A job hazard analysis should be

conducted by a team familiar with the

task

and should include one or more workers

familiar with the job, supervisors,

and, if applicable, any other experts or

specialists.

By involving a whole team, the likelihood

of missing a step or hazard is decreased.

Workers who do the job regularly will

recognize unsafe shortcuts

or ways to get around protective devices.

These

may need to be addressed. Creating a JHA

begins by observing the job. For our

example

we'll begin by observing the task of

lifting and moving a heavy box.

First break the job into small steps.

A step is defined as a part of the

operation necessary to advance the work.

It is important to not make the steps

too general which may result in hazards

being missed

or too detailed which may result in

there being too many steps.

A good rule of thumb is to describe the

job in fewer than 10 steps.

You must also keep the steps in their

correct order. Steps that are out of

order

may miss potential hazards or even

introduce hazards that don't exist.

Once all of the steps have been listed

it's time to identify potential hazards

for each step.

Hazards are things that could lead to

injury, illness,

or environmental harm. There are two

types of hazards.

Health hazards can be physical, chemical,

biological, or psychological,

which may cause ill health effects to

exposed workers.

Safety hazards are substances, processes,

actions, or conditions that may endanger

the immediate safety of workers.

Go through each step and identify what

potential health or safety hazards exist

within that step. Each step may have more

than one hazard

so number each one with the step number.

It is also important to assess the risk

of each task and hazard.

This can be done by showing the severity

of the hazard

and the probability of it occurring.

Examples of this would be ranking each

hazard on a scale of low to high

or one to five. Finally, for each step

make recommendations on how each hazard

can be mitigated or controlled.

It's best to make these recommendations

right away while you're still focused on

the situation in the work environment,

this way you can see how the

recommendation will work

or if it'll cause other problems.

Start at the top of the hazard list and

then work your way down.

When making recommendations you should

first try to eliminate the hazard

or substitute it with something less

dangerous. If that's not possible,

make recommendations to control the

hazard.

Hazard controls can include engineering

controls,

administrative controls, or PPE.

Sometimes, all types of recommendations

can be made.

Explore as many alternative ways as

possible.

If the hazard can be controlled in

several ways, each recommendation should

be listed.

[Music]

A JHA is not only useful to communicate

the hazards of a job,

but also forms the basis for safe work

practices and safe job procedures.

It also provides step-by-step training

for new employees

being taught how to do the job or if an

injury or illness occurs

a JHA can provide a starting point for

any investigation and remind

employees of safe operating procedures.

It is important to continually monitor

tasks and confirm that control methods

are implemented

and effective. Conduct JHAs for each new

task

and review them at regular intervals or

when a change in the task has occurred.

When done regularly, job hazard analyses

will help keep your employees safe and

reduce the chances of injury,

illness, and environmental damage