Desigualdade Global - Capítulo 1: Europa
Summary
TLDRThis transcript covers a range of socioeconomic issues, focusing on rising inequality, stagnant wages, and the impact of globalization. It discusses personal hardships, such as job losses due to automation, reliance on food banks, and the growing divide between the rich and poor. The conversation touches on the political responses to these challenges, including Brexit, populism, and economic policies that have failed to uplift the working class. The dialogue emphasizes the disconnect between economic growth and real benefits for the middle class, leading to frustration and disillusionment.
Takeaways
- 📈 The IMF predicts fast economic growth for a particular advanced economy, but challenges remain in business investment and borrowing.
- 💼 Many workers face job insecurity, with automation and robots replacing jobs, particularly in fulfillment centers where 2,000 jobs are being lost.
- 📉 Wages for working-class individuals have been stagnant, leading to frustration, especially as income inequality between the rich and the poor grows.
- 🍽️ Food banks have become essential for many, with rising demand as more people struggle to afford basic necessities.
- 🏠 Housing costs are a major concern, with many unable to afford rent or deposits, forcing some to live with family or in more precarious conditions.
- 📊 Globalization has led to economic growth in some areas, but has also contributed to increased inequality, with the rich benefiting more than the working class.
- 💸 The trickle-down economics approach has been criticized, as tax cuts for the wealthy have not resulted in widespread benefits for the middle or lower classes.
- ⚖️ Rising inequality and the lack of government intervention in addressing wealth disparity are causing social unrest and dissatisfaction.
- 🚶 A Brexit supporter discusses the belief that leaving the EU would allow for more control over immigration and trade, but concerns remain about the long-term effects on wages and jobs.
- 🏭 Former industrial areas in the UK have seen significant economic decline, contributing to social challenges like unemployment, low wages, and dependence on food banks.
Q & A
What did the IMF predict regarding economic growth?
-The IMF stated that this will be the fastest-growing advanced economy, despite some concerns regarding other economic factors.
What challenges are people facing in the job market mentioned in the script?
-People are facing redundancy due to automation, specifically robots replacing workers in fulfillment centers, leading to significant job losses.
How has globalization impacted different social classes according to the script?
-Globalization has led to huge growth in Asia and a reduction in between-country inequalities. However, it has also resulted in low-income growth for working classes and skyrocketing incomes for the global elite, creating tension and inequality.
What financial struggles are highlighted in the script?
-The script discusses individuals struggling with basic living expenses, including rent, utilities, and food. Some are relying on food banks, and unemployment benefits have stagnated despite the rising cost of living.
What is the link between low-skilled immigration and wage depression according to the script?
-The script mentions that unlimited low-skilled immigration from the European Union has depressed wages, as there is an oversupply of workers willing to accept lower pay.
How has inequality affected public services according to the discussion?
-As inequality increases, the rich become less interested in public services because they can afford better private services. This reduces public investment, further widening the gap between the rich and poor.
What was the impact of Macron's economic policies as mentioned?
-Macron's economic policies, particularly cutting taxes for the wealthy, have created discontent, contributing to movements like the 'Gilet Jaunes' (Yellow Vests) in France.
How has Brexit affected the economy and society according to the participants in the script?
-Brexit has caused significant economic and social division. Some argue it has worsened existing problems like wage depression, while others view it as a way to regain economic control and reduce bureaucracy.
What are the challenges faced by older workers in the current job market?
-Older workers, especially those nearing retirement, face challenges like redundancy and difficulty finding new work. Unemployment benefits have not increased, making it harder for them to survive financially.
What criticisms are raised against right-wing populism in the script?
-The script criticizes right-wing populism as a fraud, diverting attention from real issues like inequality and using scapegoats like crime or immigration to gain support without solving underlying problems.
Outlines
📉 Struggles of Economic Growth and Automation
The paragraph discusses economic concerns, such as revised down projections for business investment, borrowing, and debt. It also touches on personal stories of unemployment, job loss due to automation, and difficulties older workers face in securing employment. The speaker highlights the harsh reality of living on unemployment benefits and the frustration over stagnant financial support. Globalization's uneven impact is addressed, showing how the wealthy benefit disproportionately while the working class suffers.
💸 Family Struggles and Economic Disparities
This section highlights the financial difficulties faced by families, including the cost of basic needs like childcare, food, and utilities. The speaker emphasizes how poor wages force individuals to work long hours, affecting their quality of life. A mother discusses her son’s struggles as a paramedic, working excessive hours for low pay. The discussion also touches on food banks' role in supporting families and the economic decline of previously prosperous industrial areas.
📊 Inequality, Globalization, and Populism
The paragraph delves into the growing income inequality caused by globalization, where the rich benefit significantly more than the middle class. This rising disparity creates resentment and fuels populist movements like Brexit and Trumpism, which, though responses to economic hardship, are seen as solutions that exacerbate the issues. The speaker points out the irony of a de facto alliance between the world's richest and poorest, leaving the middle class marginalized.
🏠 Housing Crisis and Social Inequality
This paragraph examines the worsening housing crisis and the socioeconomic gap between the rich and the poor. Personal stories reflect the struggles of affording rent and utilities, leading some to sell their homes or rely on family for support. The speaker criticizes the government’s lack of action on inequality, stating that without a focus on more equitable policies, societal divisions will deepen, making social mobility almost impossible.
🎩 Trickle-Down Economics and Social Discontent
This section critiques the idea of trickle-down economics, where tax cuts for the wealthy are expected to eventually benefit the lower classes. The speaker argues that this approach has led to greater discontent, with policies like wealth tax cuts and corporate tax reductions only benefitting the elite. The Gilets Jaunes (Yellow Vests) movement is mentioned as a direct response to such policies, representing the growing frustration among the working and middle classes.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Globalization
💡Inequality
💡Middle Class
💡Food Banks
💡Brexit
💡Automation
💡Wage Stagnation
💡Trickle-Down Economics
💡Populism
💡Social Mobility
Highlights
The IMF indicates that this will be the fastest-growing advanced economy, though concerns remain over live television coverage and the long-term economic impact.
An individual shares a personal story about impending redundancy due to warehouse closures and job replacements by robots, highlighting the struggle of older workers.
Despite being a major global economy, unemployment benefits have stagnated, causing financial strain on individuals who are struggling to find work.
The working class is seeing slow income growth, while globalization has substantially improved living standards in Asia, widening the gap between the rich and poor.
There is an alliance of interests between the global poor and the global elite, leaving the middle class feeling squeezed.
Rising inequality is creating significant social challenges, with public services being underfunded as the wealthy have less interest in supporting them.
In Oldham, food banks have seen a massive increase in demand over the past few years, a reflection of worsening economic conditions in formerly prosperous areas.
Many people feel worse off now than in the 1960s, even though they are still working hard and trying to maintain a decent standard of living.
There is a growing disconnect between political leaders and the working class, particularly regarding economic inequality and wealth distribution.
Brexit supporters express frustration over restrictions and bureaucracy from the EU, arguing that sovereignty and control over trade deals are key issues.
Income inequality has skyrocketed, with CEOs earning much more compared to the average worker, contributing to increased anxiety and anger among the middle class.
A sentiment of betrayal surrounds Brexit, with many voters feeling that their interests have been ignored in favor of political elites.
Low wages and the rising cost of living are driving more people to food banks, reflecting the economic pressures facing working families.
The future of economic growth looks uncertain as stagnant wages and weak investment create challenges for the middle class.
Calls for fiscal transparency and a reevaluation of trade with tax havens are growing, as governments lose out on tax revenues due to secretive financial practices.
Transcripts
the IMF says that this will be the
fastest growing advanced economy yet nor
actually if I want to not live
television chips they probably took me
very a good six-month say work for long
meal I'll offer you guys are so the best
11 regular young men talk
we are only just a little flat-footed
sukima preserve a TV anthem it a of the
premiere is it doesn't
[Music]
economic growth was revised down
business investment was revised down
borrowing and debt
ergonomically hispana is positive is
what it's across ma via its lucky say
about for a lo tiene miedo the paralegal
want to see I stuck a little bit even
let's be very clear economic plan does
[Applause]
[Music]
[Applause]
I have spent over half of that 20 pen
just on that and that will last two days
meats apples even spam in a tin
now I'll eat that raw on the butter
slice it'll put it on bread that's it
that's how I survive
I'm going to be made redundant in a few
months because the company I work for
are shutting down all the fulfillment
centers the warehouses and 2,000 jobs
are being lost and we're being replaced
by robots I'm 64 years old coming up to
65 the last four and a half years I've
been trying to get work unemployment
benefit is exactly the same today as
what it was four years ago which i think
is ridiculous
yeah 21st century saw a car six biggest
accommodate world you know and they're
still paying on 73 pound a week all I
can do is what I've always done this
I'll take any job that I can get if it
brings money in and while you're doing
that it may be low paid work I can
McDonald's or something but while you're
doing that you have to look for about a
job if you can there are three sides to
the globalization story you know there's
the more less happy side
happy globalization that's huge growth
in Asia and this is a substantial
improvement in living standards and this
is a reduction of between country
inequalities right but there's another
side to globalization which is the fact
that incomes have been growing at a very
low pace for the working classes
the third globalization story which is
what has been happening to the global
economic elite you see the economy elite
the top 1% their incomes skyrocket so we
have an ironic situation that you have a
de facto alliance of interests between
the world poor and the world rich
against the middle class in the Richmond
[Music]
I get my money on Thursdays my first
priorities is pay my rent
potential tax the water is electric and
then nobody can kick me out on the
street I've had to sell my house I was
able to give my children some money so
that they could get a deposit on the
house but I am got house now yeah I am
worse off now in 2020 19 than what I was
in 1964 a lot of people I work there was
a bit of unemployment but not much who
people add respect because he worked you
could grow you enjoy yourself well you
can't do it anymore
cuz you have no money to do it with I
live at home with my mum because if I
was to have a house of my own it's too
expensive because I need like a thousand
pound bond and like maybe 600 pound rent
and then with what I earned it's not
enough because I have to buy a central
for myself my children like nappies and
milk in school uniforms food gas
electric my children had to leave where
we lived to go and find work elsewhere
my son is a paramedic on the ambulances
but the wage he gets for doing is very
poor and he ends up having to work all
hours God sends to try and make enough
to live on
[Music]
these people are not concerned about the
very rich they're definitely concerned
about their status compared to people
who are doing somewhat better than them
and they're even more concerned and
upset that their children are not going
to do well this is an olden food bank we
have clients that will come from
different agencies to be able to have
food parcel
now the food parcel consists of beans
milk sugar cereal tin meat it's a three
day supply of food and they have to come
with food vouchers they can't just walk
in off the street by call the food banks
we have to have a limit on how many we
do so we do four in a six-month all-in
period Boulton oldham Rochdale berry
they used to be very prosperous
industrial areas when Fordism collapsed
those cities just went right down hill
in 2018 we helped 5258 adults plus 2709
children which was a total of just
nearly 8000 and that's just in one year
when we started seven years ago for a
year I think we did a total of a hundred
that fall is our first year the more you
have of death the less is the rich
interested in public services they of
course can provide for themselves a
better quality of public service so and
then the rich
I mean rightly some sense a like why
should they fund anything because I'm
basically getting nothing from the state
because I have to provide everything by
myself you've got a commitment socially
to a high degree of equality you come
out with an outcome across the whole
range of policies which drives you
towards more equality and if you have a
society perhaps because it's huge
relatively limited sense of solidarity
among the people and particularly
between the richer and the poor and
that's a society none of these norms
will apply and none of the institution's
will exist to force equality the
government will be indifferent on this
issue and nothing will happen we brought
in for brexit the all the people because
they knew it was before
well yeah money you know stuff what
people need to live on we renting to
come a market but standard a living way
and then when we joined the EU all to
get properly mother and that's where we
kept scenes for at least 25 years don't
they're somewhat and the people over you
forgot even higher i'm richard theis I'm
the founder of leave means leave and
we're marching 280 miles from Sunderland
down to London we're marching because
brexit the greatest largest ever votes
in British history is being betrayed
there's too many restrictions on the new
there's too many rules we can get a
lotta rid of a lot of bureaucracy we can
do our own trade deals which we're now
not allowed to do we've had unlimited
low-skilled immigration from the
European Union the average in the last
ten years is over 250,000 per annum if
you've got unlimited numbers of
low-skilled workers coming in you
depress the price of wages if you look
at the ratio of what a chief exec
of a [ __ ] 100 company earns compared to
their average earnings that has just
skyrocketed in the last 20 years and
what comes without it o ultimately is
anxiety and then anger what worries
about these responses Trump brakes it is
they will do nothing about the problem
in fact I'll make it worse and they will
encourage people to blame their plight
on some other often weaker group and so
they will make society more divided more
violent less equal they are they are a
consequence of social ills but they are
never a solution to it it's probably the
same all over the world
you've got your rich sitting in the
little glasses on the door give the poor
nothing you can only kick a dog so many
times and it'll come back and buy you
and that's what's going to happen
[Music]
[Music]
on facts second for to move now
yet luckily at this part I love on
skinny cell most idyllic aura I'm hollow
come buku the photo Nicoise see bhakti
didn't study tax today I'll just not
only you have a perfect for ma me
Ontario happen the harmonica exact
member celeea cotopaxi do color sure our
podcast specific it could happen man
religions who auto for me on this kettle
is electricity this alternative
hypothesis a community a the some common
steady trickle it work
yeah work dr. Gandhi Castle is his not
communication city spa the effects kiss
a collision so lovely meta a lacuna to
slapper haven't asked a group of you
knows we wanna twist rapper yo neva
Sebastian respond the program that was
proposed by Mike home in 2017 was
essentially a light neoliberal program
with the idea that you know if you
increase the size of the cake through
structural economic reforms if you
reduce the tax rates at the top of the
distribution
this will increase growth and then you
will be able to redistribute this growth
that's a trickle-down economics theory
but what we've seen over the past 18
months
he cut the wealth tax and the wealthiest
individuals he reduced the corporate tax
and he reduced capital income tax this
creates a whole lot of discontent and
this is what the Gina June is about
[Applause]
Martha do Griffin remember Superman ah
sweet paprika do Mona I'm gonna to take
officinalis magic Odeon it on volume the
same 1012 just using from Allah
C right-wing populism it's always a
fraud because essentially it's a way of
diverting the attention of the people
who are suffering to symptoms of
inequality like crime or other things
like foreign versus social philosophy
Nene I've noticed when the pyramid yeah
paruparu Gainey
kaalia kaalia then when he talks
appropriately TP hit our sank to persist
the saloon lucaswnash lulamoon a
franceska telephone allahu la people -
oh no - hopefully sorry
a dude humidity can correspond a mu
gamma XI the almighty articulate as you
know the vasila make us compile a video
at home by a telephonic know that your
pian Lucas October twenty mini in
Wakanda Ponza coop I see a massacre
structure ESL the news on for me on
photonic Anakapalli a mode of motion of
a park a policewoman la Oh Jeannie
Russell Terrier dog
Aleph a and click elation fat the person
the Monaghan religion it do not Cote
just give I do not do the solidarity the
calico shows no no no pal I love console
okay that's related follow me - sir -
stay on factor kind of difficulty be
that
McCrone was very migration oriented
which is similarity to [ __ ] in the
sense that he really is yeah has moved
toward limiting immigration into France
and you notice that very clearly that
his policy with respect to immigration
is not very different from the Italian
your government it's just the Italian
new government openly says that and
macron simply closes the border but very
further the limits to our yearly full
volume ISM thank you for the frontier
focus for expected for their I hope
allocate the production line see a
future reporters setting up yeah and
what a zero from the coma it at suited
model governor no that not right that
man it's not normal there is enough
money for everybody eat for everybody
be good there's not equality there are
the rich and the poor if Mac home
doesn't really you know take the measure
of the social and the inequality
challenge namely that trickle-down
doesn't really work I don't understand
this contrary because they had a lot of
money they are student who has nowhere
sleep it's a it's not normal and they
said Paris is magic virus is tragic not
magic for me
ravi de economicus abou alto mucho más
in Segura mucho más in precisa con on
Futurama sin cierto cualquier persona
que este trabajando en una empresa
piensa Manas Amy pudica bar porque
estamos viendo cada dia parece como si
se intent Eric a la gente trabaja
rapport menos de niro la clase media a
un trabajador consider o un trabajador
en una Escalera is a class a media is
lucky CIA bappa Rado tiene miedo de
perro de algo you see a stockist I do
believe que tiene miedo is a limply algo
el empleado
parakarry Oh pray carry o then the
question becomes what kind of growth the
world these societies generate the
danger was squeezing out of the middle
class is that the engine of growth has
to change it doesn't mean that
necessarily you would not have growth
but you would have very different roles
the approach is potentially quite slow
investment tends to be relatively weak
if investment is weak then demand tends
to be very weak but my own guess is that
even if potential growth would arise
looking at the structure of our
economies at least in the developed
world we still wouldn't get a lot of
investment in Acadia dos anos and vanity
circle Bangko Sentral europeo y todos
Banco Sol rapido Suleiman is it at least
Abba mucho dinero en espanol entonces en
el momento todo funcion abba todo fluey
Abajo rest amount the result a Quran -
yeah no IDO dinero y esto Davido uronic
okay he's from dudeism todas las uvas
Scioscia no tienen para para los médicos
para para medica mentos para renova
instalaciones saskiab ramos daddy
iberian rasathi okapi turista tiene que
funcionar capitalism Oh lo que no puede
functionalism is Eddie
we cannot continue to do trade with tax
havens that are not respecting a basic
fiscal transparency rules because
countries governments lose at this game
so you can justify some limits to trade
for for these matters if they want to
recover this advantage they may have to
set up some limits to trade agreements
it seems to me clear that a combination
of rising inequality with stagnant real
income the two together have created a
lot of unhappiness personally I often
buried before the [ __ ] hits the fan I do
but I actually feel sorry for the young
people today the only person industry
doesn't want to million-pound away all
they want is real to pay the bills feed
the family receive a little bit well
they can't even give you that what do
you have to do you know to to make it
equal you know
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Music]
you
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