Teleskop/Teropong Bintang: Konsep, Pembentukan dan Perbesaran Bayangan, Panjang Teleskop
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into the intricacies of astronomical telescopes, highlighting their critical components: the objective and ocular lenses. It explains how these lenses work together to focus light from distant celestial objects, forming inverted images at the focal point. The script also discusses the two observation methods: with and without eye accommodation, emphasizing the latter for its practicality in stargazing. Furthermore, it introduces the formula for calculating the angular magnification of a telescope, crucial for understanding its magnifying capabilities, and touches on the formula for determining the telescope's length.
Takeaways
- 🔭 The video discusses the last optical instrument, the telescope, specifically astronomical telescopes used for observing distant objects like stars, planets, asteroids, and other celestial bodies.
- 🌌 The script explains that a telescope has two lenses: the objective lens, which is closer to the object being observed, and the eyepiece or ocular lens, which is closer to the observer's eye.
- 🔎 The objective lens is responsible for focusing the parallel rays of light coming from distant objects at its focal point, creating a real image.
- 👁️🗨️ The eyepiece lens then magnifies this real image, resulting in a final virtual image that is inverted and magnified for the observer to view.
- 🌠 The video mentions that the final image observed through a telescope is inverted, but this is not an issue for celestial objects, which are often symmetrical.
- 👀 The script differentiates between two types of observation: with the eye accommodated (maximum accommodation) and without accommodation, with the latter being more common for telescope use to avoid eye strain.
- 📏 For non-accommodated viewing, the script explains that the final image is formed at infinity, simplifying the calculation of the magnification and length of the telescope.
- 🔍 The magnification of the telescope is calculated using the angular magnification formula, which is derived from the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece lenses.
- 📐 The length of the telescope is determined by the distance between the two lenses, which can be calculated using the focal lengths and the position of the image formed by the objective lens.
- 📚 The video promises to prove the formulas for magnification and the length of the telescope in subsequent videos, providing a comprehensive understanding of how telescopes work.
Q & A
What is the main topic discussed in the video script?
-The main topic discussed in the video script is the optical instrument known as the telescope, specifically astronomical telescopes used for observing distant celestial objects like stars, planets, asteroids, and other celestial bodies.
What are the two main components of a telescope mentioned in the script?
-The two main components of a telescope mentioned are the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. The objective lens is the one closest to the object being observed, while the eyepiece lens is the one closest to the observer's eye.
How does the objective lens function in a telescope?
-The objective lens in a telescope is responsible for collecting light from distant objects and focusing it to a focal point. This lens is designed to handle light rays that are nearly parallel, as they come from objects that are effectively at infinity.
What is the role of the eyepiece lens in a telescope?
-The eyepiece lens in a telescope serves to magnify the image formed by the objective lens, creating a final image that is virtual, upright, and magnified for the observer to view.
Why are the images seen through a telescope often inverted?
-Images seen through a telescope are often inverted because the light rays are first focused by the objective lens and then inverted by the eyepiece lens. However, this inversion is not typically a problem for astronomical observations since celestial objects are usually symmetrical.
What are the two types of observation methods mentioned for using a telescope?
-The two types of observation methods mentioned are 'with maximum accommodation of the eye' and 'without accommodation of the eye'. The latter is commonly used because it allows for continuous observation without the eye needing to constantly adjust focus.
What is meant by 'without accommodation of the eye' in the context of telescope observation?
-Without accommodation of the eye refers to observing the final image at a distance, which means the observer's eye is relaxed and not actively focusing, allowing for a more comfortable viewing experience over extended periods.
How is the magnification of a telescope calculated according to the script?
-The magnification of a telescope is calculated using the formula where the magnification (M) is the ratio of the distance from the eye to the final image (Ev') to the distance from the eye to the eyepiece lens (Eo), or M = Ev'/Eo.
What is the formula for angular magnification as mentioned in the script?
-The formula for angular magnification in a telescope, as mentioned in the script, is the ratio of the angular magnification (M') to the focal length of the objective lens (fo) divided by the focal length of the eyepiece lens (fe), or M' = fo/fe.
How is the length of a telescope determined according to the script?
-The length of a telescope is determined by the distance between the two lenses. If the telescope is not accommodated, the length is the sum of the focal length of the objective lens and the focal length of the eyepiece lens.
What does the script suggest about the final image formed by a telescope?
-The script suggests that the final image formed by a telescope is a virtual image that is upright and magnified. This is achieved through the combination of the objective lens focusing light from distant objects and the eyepiece lens magnifying that focused image.
Outlines
🔭 Introduction to Astronomical Telescopes
The paragraph introduces the topic of astronomical telescopes, explaining their purpose for observing distant celestial objects like stars, planets, asteroids, and other heavenly bodies. It describes the basic structure of a telescope, highlighting its two main lenses: the objective lens, which is closer to the object being observed, and the eyepiece or ocular lens, which is closer to the observer's eye. The objective lens forms an image at its focal point, and the eyepiece lens then magnifies this image. The discussion also touches on the concept of light rays being parallel when coming from distant objects, leading to the image being focused at the focal point. The paragraph also explains the difference between observing with an eye accommodated to maximum and an unaccommodated eye, with the latter being more common for telescope use due to the extended periods of observation required.
📏 Understanding Telescope Magnification and Length
This paragraph delves into the specifics of telescope magnification and length. It discusses the formula for angular magnification, which is crucial for calculating the apparent size of the image seen through a telescope. The formula presented is \( \frac{f_{objective}}{f_{ocular}} \), where \( f_{objective} \) and \( f_{ocular} \) represent the focal lengths of the objective and ocular lenses, respectively. The paragraph also addresses the concept of the telescope's length, which is the distance between the two lenses. For an unaccommodated eye, the length of the telescope is the sum of the focal length of the objective lens and the focal length of the eyepiece. The discussion also includes the formula for calculating the magnification of the image, which is \( \frac{f_{objective}}{f_{ocular}} + 1 \), and the importance of understanding these parameters for both amateur and professional astronomical observations.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Telescope
💡Lens
💡Objective Lens
💡Eyepiece Lens
💡Focus
💡Parallel Light
💡Focal Length
💡Magnification
💡Achromatic Lens
💡Astronomical Observation
💡Angular Magnification
Highlights
Introduction to the optical tool being discussed: the telescope or 'teropong' for observing celestial objects like stars, planets, and asteroids.
Explanation of the two primary lenses in a telescope: the objective lens, which is close to the object being observed, and the ocular lens, which is close to the observer's eye.
The objective lens focuses light from faraway objects, like stars, onto its focal point to create an image.
Description of the nature of the image formed by the telescope: the image is inverted, but since most celestial objects are symmetrical, the inversion is not problematic.
Discussion on the two viewing modes: with maximum eye accommodation and without accommodation (relaxed eye). The latter is commonly used for observing distant celestial objects.
Maximum accommodation: the final image is seen at the closest point of clear vision for the eye, similar to viewing through a microscope.
When the eye is not accommodating, the final image appears at infinity, allowing the observer to view in a relaxed state without eye strain.
For non-accommodating observation, the focal point of the objective lens must coincide with the focal point of the ocular lens.
Explanation of the image magnification produced by the telescope: the angular magnification formula, which will be discussed in the next video.
The length of the telescope is determined by the distance between the two lenses, specifically the sum of the focal lengths of the objective and ocular lenses.
For non-accommodating eyes, the telescope's length is simply the sum of the focal lengths of the objective and ocular lenses.
For maximum accommodation, the telescope’s length includes the focal length of the objective lens plus the distance of the final image from the ocular lens.
Description of the alignment of focal points when viewing distant objects: light rays from infinity focus on the objective lens's focal point.
The final image produced by the telescope is virtual, inverted, and magnified.
The final point reiterates that understanding the basic principles of telescopic magnification and length is crucial for astronomical observations.
Transcripts
MP3
halo halo guys mulai Mari kita akan
membahas alat optik yang hampir terakhir
yaitu adalah teleskop atau kita kenal
dengan namanya teropong Ayah kita sudah
banyak sekali mengenal banyak sekali
jenis-jenis teleskop yang kita bahas
pada video kali ini adalah teleskop
bintang atau teleskop astronomi yang
biasa kalian lihat di sini teleskop
bintang Oh berarti untuk mengamati
benda-benda yang jauh di tanah Ya
seperti bintang planet dan asteroid dan
benda-benda langit lainnya nah kayak
bisa lihat sini bentuknya kira-kira
seperti ini ya dan juga ada beberapa
komponen ini adalah bentuknya teleskop
bintang Kemudian ada beberapa komponen
pada teleskop bintang ya ada dua lensa
yang digunakan sudah cembung di sini
kita lihat lensa yang pertama-tama
seperti mikroskop yaitu lensa objektif
dan yang kedua lensa okuler Indonesia
Indonesia masih inget ya lensa objektif
adalah lensa dekat dengan obyeknya
Bendanya berarti yang bagian depan sini
ya dan juga lensa okuler lensa yang
dekat dengan mata kita atau mata
pengamat nah Disini yang menarik adalah
kita mengamati benda yang sangat jauh ya
seperti benda-benda langit berarti
Bendanya itu berada di tak hingga
sehingga akan datang yang namanya
sinar-sinar sejajar Yasin Asia sejajar
kalau misalnya benda kita hingga maka
dia akan difokuskan oleh lensa ke titik
fokusnya jadi bayangan yang dibentuk
oleh lensa objektif ini karena benda
nyata hingga maka bayangannya akan jatuh
di titik fokus ya titik fokusnya Dimana
titik fokusnya di sini ya ini adalah a
titik fokus untuk objektif ya lensa
objektif kok bisa tahu kenapa bayangan
jatuh di tak hingga karena sesuai dengan
rumus-rumus lensa seperti F = 1 x +
stress aksen ia tahu bahwa
khas itu adalah jarak benda yaitu tak
hingga ya Nah serta hingga itu bernilai
nol nih berarti seperti F = super S
aksen berarti es aksen = F artinya
bayangan jatuh di titik fokus ya Nah
setelah itu oleh lensa okuler dia akan
memperbesar bayangan yang terbentuk lagi
sehingga akan menghasilkan bayangan
final dimana bayangannya itu bersifat
Maya karena terbentuk dari perpotongan
perpanjangan Sinar biasnya terbalik dan
tentunya diperbesar nah terbalik di sini
berarti kalau kita mengamati dengan
teleskop maka yang kita amati sebelah
Terbalik ya tapi tidak masalah karena
memang untuk benda-benda langit
kebanyakan itu dia simetris artinya mau
kebalik pun tidak terlalu menjadi
masalah ataupun hasilnya itu biasa dalam
bentuk foto sehingga terbalik pun tidak
menjadi masalah Nah untuk pengamatan ada
dua jenis yaitu mata berakomodasi
maksimum dan mata tidak berakomodasi dan
biasanya yang kita gunakan untuk t
pop adalah mata tidak berakomodasi
kenapa Karena kalau kita atas opini
butuh waktu untuk melihat atau mengamati
benda langit sehingga kalau marah kita
fokus terus mata maka kita akan Terlalu
Lelah ya biasa kita matanya agar rileks
untuk melihat bayangan dibentuk oleh si
teleskop ya tapi kita akan coba bahas
keduanya yang pertama lama tabrak
tomodachi maksimum itu mata ketika
melihat bayangan akhir di titik dekat
mata kita sama seperti mikroskop yaitu
bayangan final yang kita lihat berarti
Esa Seno kaya es aksen adalah bayangan
letak bayangan Oka adalah okuler lensa
okuler lensa final yang dibentuk Nah itu
harus berada di titik dekat mata kita
berarti SMK = TP karena kita melihat di
akomodasi maksimum atau kita yang paling
fokus ya paling fokus sehingga disini
aksen Okta sama dengan PP minus karena
bayangan terbentuk sekali lagi bayangan
terbentuk adalah Maya Nah bagaimana
blog mata kita tidak berakomodasi mata
tidak berakomodasi berarti melihat
bayangan final Dita hingga ya Sehingga
SFC kopernya itu bernilai tak hingga
Artinya kita melihat dengan rileks
melihat bayarnya itu di kejauhan juga
sehingga esoknya itu = F Oka masih inget
ya untuk syarat untuk bayangan terbentuk
di tak hingga letak Bendanya Esok harus
sama dengan jarak fokusnya atau Evoque
nah yang menarik adalah bayangan
terbentuk untuk merazia berakomodasi
scale lagi benda itu kan kita hingga
awalnya Kemudian oleh lensa objektif dia
akan membentuk bayangan di fokus
okulernya objektif yang sore jadi
benda-benda membentuk bayangan oleh
lensa objektif akan jatuh di titik fokus
objektif Sedangkan untuk mati
diakomodasi benda nya itu harus
dievocake ya ingat bayangan untuk
objektif adalah benda untuk populer
berarti tanah benda untuk okulasi itu di
titik
evoc berarti evopb itu harus sama dengan
Evoque ya sama disini bukan berarti
angka yang sama tetapi fisiknya sama
sehingga fok1 levorg dalam arti titiknya
sama Nah kita lihat untuk rumus dari
kebiasaan bayangan maupun panjang
teleskop ya dimana terbesar sama itu
menggunakan pembersih angular yang
rumusnya akan saya buktikan di video
selanjutnya itu rumusnya adalah evopb
dibagi Evoque untuk mata akomodasi
maksimum evopb = sop-sop dibagi sok2
rumus ini adalah perbesaran sudut untuk
menghitung perbesaran bayangan pada
teleskop bintang yang akan saya buktikan
rumusnya di video selanjutnya nah
bagaimana dengan panjang teleskop ingat
panjang teleskop itu adalah jarak antara
dua lensa ya kalau masih tidak
berakomodasi saya lagi titik
Kobe sama VOC nadia's berada pada titik
yang sama nih berarti panjangnya isikan
foobar200 titik fokus ke objektif yang
ini Evoque ya Jarak titik fokus ke
okuler karena mereka sama itiknya
berarti untuk panjang mikroskop De = EF
pop ditambah Evoque Nah untuk mata
akomodasi maksimum ya Iya itu adalah fob
ditambah exo-k ya jadi kalo misalnya
kita punya di sini ya Nah di sini untuk
benda yang ditag hingga ingat benda yang
kita amati jauh takhingga Steve bintang
maka dia akan membentuk bayangannya
cepat di fokusnya atau obd Bati jarak
lensa Ini kesini adalah pop nah tapi
jarak-jarak ini bayangan ini menjadi
benda untuk esok tahu disebut sebagai
esok ya
y = f OB ditambah esok menjadi itu
adalah rumus untuk menghitung perbesaran
bayangan dan juga perbesaran bayangan
untuk reguler ya untuk teleskop Dan juga
panjang teleskopnya berapa Terima kasih
semoga video ini bermanfaat
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