UCSP-Chapter 2.4
Summary
TLDRThis script delves into the core aspects of culture, emphasizing values as shared standards guiding societal behavior. It outlines norms, categorized into folkways, mores, and laws, which vary in societal importance and adaptability. The narrative highlights the dynamic nature of culture, shaped by socialization and enculturation, and how it is influenced by context, using examples from Japan and the Philippines to illustrate cultural differences.
Takeaways
- 🌟 Values are shared ideas, norms, and principles that guide what is considered right or wrong, good or bad within a society.
- 👴 Respecting and obeying elders is an example of a cultural value that dictates behavior in some societies.
- 📜 Norms are shared rules of conduct that set expectations for behavior among members of a society.
- 🏡 In some cultures, it is a norm for individuals to live with their parents even after reaching adulthood.
- 🔄 Norms can vary in importance and are subject to change over time, with sanctions such as rewards and punishments reinforcing them.
- 🍽 Folkways are norms that can be violated without serious consequences, such as social faux pas during a dinner.
- 👗 Mores are norms with moral connotations, and violating them can lead to punishment, like wearing inappropriate attire during an oral defense.
- 🏛 Laws are norms that are legally enacted and enforced, such as marriage laws that prohibit polygamy in the Philippines.
- 👶 Socialization is a lifelong process of identity formation through social interaction and language acquisition.
- 👵 Enculturation is the process of learning and acquiring the cultural traits of one's society, often through observation.
- 🌐 Culture is dynamic and adapts to the realities of the present context, influenced by factors like location, weather, and time period.
Q & A
What are the key components of culture according to the transcript?
-The key components of culture are values, norms, and the process of socialization and enculturation.
What role do values play in a society?
-Values serve as shared ideas, norms, and principles that provide standards for what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable, guiding social living.
How are norms defined in the context of culture?
-Norms are shared rules of conduct that determine specific behavior among society members, set by a particular society, and can vary in terms of importance and change over time.
What is the difference between folkways, mores, and laws as categories of norms?
-Folkways can be violated without serious consequence, mores carry moral connotations and violations may result in punishment, while laws are legally enacted and enforced.
Can you provide an example of a folkway mentioned in the transcript?
-An example of a folkway is farting in front of your partner's family during a dinner, which might be seen as disrespectful by some but amusing by others.
What is an example of a more given in the transcript?
-An example of a more is wearing proper attire during an oral defense; wearing a bikini would violate this norm and result in punishment by the school.
How does the concept of socialization relate to culture?
-Socialization is a life-long process of forging identity through social interaction, focusing on the acquisition of knowledge, language, skills, values, and habits of society.
What is enculturation and how does it differ from socialization?
-Enculturation is the process by which an individual learns or acquires important aspects of their society's culture, focusing more on the acquisition of cultural traits through observation.
How does context influence culture?
-Context refers to particular circumstances of a certain culture, defined by location, weather, time period, and other factors, influencing how people behave and communicate.
What is an example of cultural context provided in the transcript?
-An example of cultural context is the Japanese custom of addressing people by their last name with respect, as opposed to using first names in the Philippines regardless of the relationship level.
How does culture adapt to the realities of the present context?
-Culture adapts to the realities of the present context by being dynamic and changing in response to current social, economic, and environmental factors.
Outlines
🌐 Understanding Cultural Components
This paragraph delves into the concept of values within culture, which are shared ideas, norms, and principles guiding societal members on what is right or wrong, good or bad. Values serve as a guideline for social living and can be defined as standards of desirability, goodness, and beauty. Norms are also discussed, which are shared rules of conduct that determine specific behaviors among society members. These norms vary in importance and can change over time, enforced by rewards and punishments. The paragraph gives examples of norms, such as living with parents past the age of 18, and categorizes norms into mores, folkways, and laws, each with varying degrees of social importance and consequences for violation. The paragraph concludes by discussing how culture and identity are formed through socialization and enculturation, processes that involve interaction and observation to acquire knowledge, language, skills, values, and habits of society.
🌏 Cultural Context and Communication
The second paragraph explores the concept of cultural context, which refers to the specific circumstances of a culture defined by factors like location, weather, and time period. It contrasts the use of names in Japanese and Philippine cultures, highlighting how context influences communication norms. In Japan, using first names is considered intimate and reserved for close relationships, while in the Philippines, addressing people by their first names is common regardless of the relationship's closeness. This illustrates how cultural context shapes behaviors and interactions within a society.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Values
💡Norms
💡Mores
💡Laws
💡Folkways
💡Socialization
💡Enculturation
💡Culture
💡Context
💡Identity Formation
Highlights
Values are shared ideas, norms, and principles that guide what is right or wrong, good or bad in society.
Values serve as a guideline for social living and can be defined as the standards of desirability, goodness, and beauty.
Norms are shared rules of conduct that determine specific behavior among society members.
Norms are reinforced by sanctions in the form of rewards and punishments.
Norms vary in terms of degrees of importance and may change over time.
In some cultures, it is normal for individuals to live with their parents even after reaching adulthood.
Norms are socially and culturally inclined, meaning what is acceptable in one culture may not be in another.
Folkways are norms that may be violated without serious consequence, such as social etiquette.
Mores are norms with moral connotations, often leading to punishment if violated, like wearing inappropriate attire for a formal event.
Laws are norms that are legally enacted and enforced, such as the prohibition of multiple marriages in the Philippines.
Culture and identity formation are facilitated through socialization and enculturation.
Socialization is a lifelong process of forging identity through social interaction and language.
Enculturation is the process of learning important cultural aspects through observation.
Culture is dynamic and adapts to the realities of the present context.
Context refers to particular circumstances of a culture, defined by location, weather, time period, and other factors.
In Japanese culture, using first names is considered intimate and reserved for close relationships.
In the Philippines, addressing people by their first name is common regardless of the relationship level.
Transcripts
the next vital component
of culture is values values
are shared ideas norms and principles
that provide members of society
these standards that pertain to what is
right or wrong
good or bad desirable and undesirable so
meaning
it serves as a guideline for social
living
so culturally it can be defined as the
standards of desirability
goodness and beauty example for
our country we need to respect our
elders we need to obey them at all costs
the last vital cultural component that
we are going to talk about
are norms norms are shared
rules of conduct that determine specific
behavior
among society members norms are
considered as
rules and expectations eventually set by
a particular society
that serves us guides to the behavior of
its members
but remember norms varies in the terms
of the degrees of importance and might
be changed
over a period of time it is reinforced
by sanctions on the form
of rewards and punishment so for example
in our country it is normal for people
to still live with their parents even
though that they are going to have an
age
of above 18.
one important thing to remember about
norms is it is socially and culturally
inclined
so meaning what is acceptable and normal
in one society and culture might not be
acceptable and normal for other society
and culture
next one are the categories of norms
according to social importance
and these are the ways mores
and laws for folkways
this may be violated without serious
consequence
example a person who is invited to have
a dinner
together with the family of his partner
and then suddenly that person farted in
front of them
others might find this amusing and funny
others might find it disrespectful
because focus is purely subjective
for morse it is with moral connotations
example in an oral defense all of the
people
are expected to wear proper and
appropriate
attire and then you choose to wear
bikini during your oral defense so in
this one
you are going to violate wars because
you will be punished accordingly by your
school
last one are the laws laws are legally
enacted
and enforced say for example in
our country the philippines we don't
permit
marriage of multiple partners however
there are people
who would like to do this others might
find this one
okay and acceptable but regardless
it is still illegal
the culture and identity formation
it is facilitated through socialization
and enculturation socialization
refers to the life-long process of
forging identity through social
interaction
and having language as the social
agent this one mainly focuses
on the acquisition of knowledge language
skills values and habits of
society and it takes place through
interaction say for example
a father is teaching his son about their
practices
next one is the enculturation
it refers to the process by which the
individual
learns or acquires the important aspects
of his or her
society's culture
for enculturation it takes place through
observation and focuses more on the
acquisition of cultural traits
example if a grandmother is going to
tell his grandson to observe
the area or to observe them in order for
the lad
to learn what are their practices
culture is dynamic so meaning
culture adapted to the realities of the
present context
since culture is simply the way of life
and influences people on how he behaves
and how he communicates context
refers to particular circumstances of a
certain culture
and is defined by location weather
time period and other factors
example of context in japanese culture
it's almost taboo to use names as it is
something
intimate something only close friends
lovers and family members use
generally in japan people address
each other by their last name with
proper
respect here in the philippines we can
address
people in their first name regardless of
our level of relationship towards them
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