Ferdinand Magellan Voyages of Discovery - Circumnavigation Part 4/4
Summary
TLDRThe script narrates the tragic yet inspiring story of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, which aimed to circumnavigate the globe. Despite Magellan's death in the Philippines, his crew, led by Juan Sebastian Elcano, continued the journey. They faced numerous challenges, including scurvy and storms, but ultimately reached the Spice Islands. The Victoria, with Elcano at the helm, became the first ship to complete a circumnavigation, proving the Earth's roundness and altering the world's geographical and political landscape.
Takeaways
- 🌍 Magellan's expedition was a tragic failure in terms of his personal ambition as he did not survive to complete the circumnavigation of the globe.
- 🗡️ Magellan was killed in the Philippines, and his death marked the end of his personal dream and the initial plans for the voyage.
- 🛶 Despite Magellan's death, the remaining crew, led by Juan Sebastian Elcano, continued the expedition with the aim of reaching the Spice Islands.
- 🌿 The Spice Islands were finally reached, fulfilling Magellan's dream, where the crew found valuable spices like cloves.
- 💰 The spices were incredibly valuable at the time, with some being worth more than their weight in gold, driving the risk and sacrifice of the voyage.
- 🚢 The Victoria, under Elcano's command, became the first ship to circumnavigate the globe, proving the theory that the Earth is round.
- ⚓️ The return journey was perilous, with the crew facing storms, scurvy, and starvation, leading to many deaths among the crew.
- 🌊 Elcano's navigational skills were crucial in avoiding capture by the Portuguese and in navigating uncharted waters.
- 🏆 Elcano was recognized for his achievement, but the crew did not gain the fortunes they had hoped for from the voyage.
- ✍️ Antonio Pigafetta's chronicles provide a detailed record of the voyage, preserving its history for future generations.
- 🌐 The voyage had a profound impact on geography, trade, and global politics, changing the world's understanding of its size and shape.
Q & A
What was the tragic event that led to the end of Magellan's dream?
-Magellan's dream ended in the Philippines when he was killed in a battle against the indigenous people, which was a complete tragedy that terminated everything he had planned and navigated through various oceans.
How did Magellan's legacy continue after his death?
-Magellan's legacy lives on in the form of a dusty little shrine in the Philippines, where the cross he raised can still be seen, marking his arrival on the islands and his influence on the country as one of the most Catholic nations in the world.
Who took command of the expedition after Magellan's death?
-After Magellan's death, Juan Sebastian Elcano took command of the expedition, leading the remaining crew in their quest to find the Spice Islands.
What was the significance of the Spice Islands to the expedition?
-The Spice Islands were significant because they were the ultimate goal of the expedition, representing the potential for immense wealth and the realization of Magellan's dream.
How did the crew's health deteriorate during the return journey?
-The crew's health deteriorated due to a lack of proper nutrition, leading to scurvy and starvation. Despite carrying a cargo of cloves, which contained the necessary vitamin C, they were unaware of its curative properties, and many died as a result.
What was the fate of the Trinidad, one of the remaining ships?
-The Trinidad, which chose to head east across the Pacific, fell into Portuguese hands. Its precious cargo was seized, the ship was burned, and the crew was imprisoned.
How did Elcano navigate the Victoria through uncharted waters to avoid Portuguese capture?
-Elcano navigated vast tracts of uncharted waters, steering clear of the Portuguese sphere of influence, to bring the Victoria back to Spain, despite facing storms and other navigational challenges.
Why was the Victoria's return to Spain considered a historical achievement?
-The Victoria's return marked the first ship to circumnavigate the globe, turning the theory that the Earth was round into an indisputable fact and demonstrating the shape and size of the Earth's oceans.
What was the ultimate outcome for the crew of the Victoria after their return to Spain?
-Although they completed the historic journey, the crew did not make their fortunes. The cargo of spices was sold, and the proceeds were seized by the King of Spain. The chronicler Pigafetta was ignored by the Spanish Court, but his diaries remain the definitive record of the voyage.
Who is recognized as the first person to circumnavigate the globe, and why?
-Juan Sebastian Elcano is recognized as the first person to circumnavigate the globe because he completed the journey that Magellan had started, despite Magellan's death before the expedition's end.
What was the impact of the expedition on the geographical, spiritual, and political landscape?
-The expedition defined the shape and size of the Earth and its oceans, and it changed the geographical, spiritual, and political landscape by introducing new trade routes and cultural exchanges, as well as altering the balance of power among European nations.
Outlines
🌍 Magellan's Tragic End and Legacy
The paragraph recounts the tragic demise of Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines, where he was killed in battle despite his brave fight. It highlights the end of his dream to circumnavigate the globe and reach the Spice Islands. The narrative speculates on how the expedition might have unfolded if Magellan had survived, suggesting he might have returned via the Pacific, potentially losing his fleet. The paragraph also discusses the legacy of Magellan, including the shrine and cross he left in the Philippines, which became a holy relic in a predominantly Catholic country. It transitions to how the remaining crew, under Juan Sebastian Elcano, continued the quest for the Spice Islands after Magellan's death.
🚢 The Struggle and Triumph of Elcano's Voyage
This paragraph details the arduous journey of the remaining crew under Elcano's leadership to reach the Spice Islands. It describes the decision to split the remaining ships, with one taking the eastern route and the other, under Elcano, heading west into Portuguese-controlled waters. The paragraph vividly depicts the challenges faced, including storms, scurvy, and starvation, which claimed many lives. Elcano's use of quince jelly, unknowingly rich in vitamin C, saved him from scurvy. The narrative culminates in the Victoria's return to Spain, completing the first circumnavigation of the globe, despite the crew's hardships and the loss of most of their number.
🏆 Elcano's Posthumous Recognition and the Voyage's Aftermath
The final paragraph discusses the posthumous recognition of Elcano as the first man to sail around the world, despite the crew's unfulfilled hopes of fortune. It contrasts the historical significance of the voyage with the crew's personal disappointments, such as the seizure of the spice profits by the Spanish king and the neglect of chronicler Pigafetta. The paragraph also touches on Elcano's attempted second circumnavigation and his ultimate death from scurvy. It concludes by reflecting on the enduring impact of Magellan and Elcano's voyage, which not only defined the Earth's geography but also had profound spiritual and political consequences.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Magellan
💡Circumnavigate
💡Spice Islands
💡Elcano
💡Victoria
💡Cloves
💡Scurvy
💡Quince Jelly
💡Cape of Good Hope
💡Cape Verde Islands
💡Pigafetta
Highlights
Magellan's expedition faced a tragic end in the Philippines, where he was killed in battle.
The initial goal of circumnavigating the globe was not achieved by Magellan himself.
Despite Magellan's death, the remaining crew, led by Juan Sebastian Elcano, continued the expedition.
The crew's determination led them to the Spice Islands, fulfilling part of Magellan's dream.
The value of cloves was so high that they were worth more than their weight in gold.
The journey back to Spain was fraught with challenges, including storms and scurvy.
Elcano's navigational skills were crucial in avoiding capture by the Portuguese.
The Victoria, under Elcano's command, became the first ship to circumnavigate the globe.
The expedition's success proved that the Earth was round, a theory that was previously just a hypothesis.
The crew faced extreme hardships, with many dying from scurvy or starvation.
Antonio Pigafetta's diaries provide a detailed account of the voyage, preserving its history.
The cargo of spices did not make the crew's fortunes as expected, due to the king of Spain's seizure of the profits.
Elcano's attempt at a second circumnavigation ended in his death from scurvy.
The legacy of Magellan and Elcano's voyages shaped the understanding of the Earth's geography.
The expedition's impact extended to the spiritual, geographical, and political realms.
The story of Magellan and Elcano is one of the greatest voyages of discovery in history.
Transcripts
egg whereby he fell downward on this
they all at once rushed on him with
Lance's of high ohm and the bamboo
mckellen fought a brave fight he hung on
for a long time eventually completely
outnumbered he was just slaughtered they
slew I never highlight our comfort and
our great guide Magellan never
circumnavigated the globe
he didn't even reach the Spice Islands
his dreams ended here in the Philippines
this was a complete tragedy which
terminates everything his entire dream
his planning his voyage all the drama's
of the navigation through the various
oceans end here and end here totally so
what do you think if Magellan had won
this battle how would the expedition
have turned out in the end
had he not died and had he found the
Spice Islands which were getting near my
guess is that he would have come back
the same way he went through the Pacific
which had been never been done before
and it is most likely knowing the ocean
that he might have lost the entire fleet
and himself and with that nothing would
have remained of this epic voyage
McKellen's dreams may have died in the
Philippines but his legacy lives on in
this dusty little shrine you can still
see the cross he raised so hopefully
when he first arrived on these islands
it's one of the holiest relics in one of
the most Catholic countries in the world
it might have been the only relic of
Magellan's voyage if another man hadn't
seized the chance of fame and fortune
McKellen's death could have spelled the
end for the expedition but the remaining
men knew the Spice Islands were so close
they could almost smell the spices
reduced to two ships the survivors set
off to find the islands taking command
of the Victoria was a popular new leader
Juan Sebastian Elcano cenotes a las
maruka history was to deny him his
rightful role in this epic story
el canto brought good fortune for at
last they sighted the Spice Islands the
28,000 kilometers early had cost the
lives of over 100 men including the
captain general but the surviving crew
finally reached the Spice Islands and
realised Magellan's dream
this is what it's all about spices
these are cloves right there cloves
there are the flowers of the clove
phlegm I don't look very familiar though
I dare duh
we more uh see the rest like this I'm
surprised once yeah yes
smell just like my mom's apple pie yes
they're very romantic
but you know I can't help but Phineas or
Guster is that holding these in my hand
seems hard to believe that the men went
to such risk and pain and suffering for
something that seems to be honest
completely ordinary and how much wood
would they have been worth I mean
pound for pound or a pound for pound
that would be come at a high price
imagine that globe tree could produce
only seven pounds per tree and that he
still had to dry them and therefore the
dried ones would be very expensive an
emulation to gold how about yes so
there'll be more than wait for them gold
itself the pound-for-pound Agra found
it's worth more than gold and a bag like
that excuse me that is set a man up for
life right yes we'll put like that I
guess it don't seem quite so ordinary
Elkanah and his men understood the value
of the ton of spices loaded onto each
ship and they knew that to make their
fortunes they had to get them back to
Spain the remaining two ships had to
make a choice between returning the way
they'd come or continuing west taking
their chances in enemy waters what's got
I'm gonna level it up one chose to go
east and the other west
the Trinidad headed eastwards across the
Pacific
and it didn't get far before it fell
into Portuguese hands the precious cargo
was seized the ship burned and the crew
thrown into jail
Elcano sailed west on the Victoria Spain
was about 20 thousand kilometres away
and the entire route lay in the
Portuguese sphere of influence
I got them Elena to avoid capture he
navigated vast tracts of uncharted
waters
two months and almost 5000 kilometers
later they encountered terrible storms
understorms I'm when went through what's
so powerful but actually broke this mass
and like everything that broke on the
ship had to be repaired with what they
had at sea and not only that elk are
known as men began to run dangerously
low on rations again I can't imagine
what it would be like to work a ship
like this which needs a lot of manual
labor and be that low on energy
the starving men began to develop scurvy
above all our other misfortunes the
worst was that the gums of the upper and
lower teeth of our men swelled so much
that they could not eat 25 or 30 men
fell sick of whom 19 died
scurvy is caused by lack of vitamin C
and here was the terrible irony the crew
was sitting on a cargo of clothes and
what they didn't know was that it
contained of its Mincey and this would
have saved them as a ship headed back to
Spain more than half of them would die
of scurvy or starvation
Elkanah escape the scurvy because he ate
spoonfuls of quince jelly unknown to him
this contained enough vitamin C to
protect him from the disease
it's probably what enabled Pigafetta to
keep writing his diary and without this
we would never have known of ELQ our
nose great feat of navigation he led the
Victoria across vast oceans past the
Cape of Good Hope and the Cape Verde
Islands back to Spain but the 241 men
who began the journey only a handful
returned with him
they live to tell the remarkable tale of
the Spanish sailor finished the journey
Magellan had started three years before
so easy
on Monday the 8th of September 1522 we
cast Ankeny the mole of severe and we
were only 18 men for the most part sick
of the 60 who had left Malacca
the Victoria became the first ship to
circumnavigate the globe it had talent
but until then was just pure theory that
the earth was round into an indisputable
fact
Elcano was honored with a special coat
of arms declaring him to be the first
man to sail round the world five
centuries later sailing around the globe
is still a remarkable achievement
as the modern Victoria returns to
Seville at the end of its 40,000
kilometer journey its crew greeted as
heroes after more than 500 days at sea
on a journey they will never forget I
still can and believe that we seek or
navigate the whole world I kind of
imagined right now but I'm sure it has
changed completely
a realization of my dreams to the past
you
the voyage of the original Victoria may
have made history but it didn't fulfil
the hopes of the crew they never made
their fortunes the cargo of spices were
sold and the proceeds seized by the king
of Spain to cover the loss of the rest
of the fleet
the chronicler Pigafetta was snubbed by
the Spanish Court and returned to his
native Italy his diaries remain the
definitive record of the great voyage
Elcano attempted a second
circumnavigation to claim the Spice
Islands for Spain four years later but
he didn't make it crossing the Pacific
he died of scurvy
as for ferdinand magellan himself
although he never completed the voyage
the popular perception is that it was
the first person to circumnavigate the
world unless there is you go to Spain no
tell you the first person who sailed
around the world was one Sebastian
Elcano but does it really matter after
all they're both great men Magellan have
what it took to dream up such a daring
voyage and make it happen
and Elcano had the strength and tenacity
to finish it they and the men who sailed
with them share one of the greatest
voyages of discovery the voice that
would define the shape and size of our
earth and its oceans and change the
geographical spiritual and political
landscape forever
duh
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