Media and Information Literacy | LESSON 16: PLAGIARISM | ButingShs | Grade12

Summary

The video is a lesson on media and information literacy, specifically focusing on plagiarism. The teacher, Ms. Friesa Magno, explains what plagiarism is, its types, and the ethical implications. The lesson includes activities like pre-tests, paraphrasing exercises, and reflection questions to help students understand how to avoid plagiarism in their work. The discussion covers various forms of plagiarism, from direct copying to more complex forms like paraphrasing without proper citation. The video emphasizes the importance of originality, proper attribution, and respecting intellectual property, guiding students to maintain academic integrity in their writing and media use.

Takeaways

• 📚 Understanding plagiarism: The video provides a detailed explanation of what constitutes plagiarism, including its different forms.
• ✍️ Importance of citing sources: The video emphasizes the need to properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism.
• 📝 Paraphrasing vs. Quoting: The video explains the importance of paraphrasing in your own words and when it is necessary to use direct quotes.
• ❌ Common plagiarism mistakes: The video outlines common errors such as forgetting to cite, improper paraphrasing, and self-plagiarism.
• 🎶 Plagiarism beyond text: The video highlights that plagiarism can occur in various media forms, including music, videos, and images.
• 📖 Plagiarism in academic work: The video discusses how plagiarism can occur in academic settings and the consequences of such actions.
• 🔍 Detecting plagiarism: The video mentions how technology makes it easier to detect plagiarism in written and media content.
• 🧠 Ethical considerations: The video underscores the ethical implications of plagiarism and the importance of honesty in academic work.
• 🛠️ Tools to avoid plagiarism: The video suggests tools and methods, like citation guides (APA, MLA), to help avoid plagiarism.
• 📜 Personal commitment: The video encourages viewers to make a personal pledge to avoid plagiarism and to reflect on how to maintain academic integrity.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of this lesson?

The primary focus of the lesson is on understanding plagiarism, including its different forms, the ethical implications, and ways to avoid it.

What is plagiarism according to Dictionary.com?

Plagiarism is defined as a piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented as being your own work.

What are some examples of plagiarism as mentioned in the lesson?

Examples include copying text word for word without citation, paraphrasing without proper attribution, and using media like images, videos, or music without permission or proper citation.

Why is it important to cite sources when using someone else's work?

Citing sources is crucial because it acknowledges the original creator's work, adds credibility to your own work, and helps avoid accusations of plagiarism.

What is the 'ghost writer' form of plagiarism?

The 'ghost writer' form of plagiarism occurs when a writer submits another person's work word for word as their own.

How does 'self-plagiarism' occur, and how can it be avoided?

Self-plagiarism occurs when a writer reuses significant portions of their own previous work without citation. It can be avoided by properly citing the previous work, just as one would cite the work of others.

What is the difference between 'source not cited' and 'source cited but still plagiarized'?

'Source not cited' refers to using someone else's work without any acknowledgment, while 'source cited but still plagiarized' refers to improper citation, such as inaccurate citations or failing to use quotation marks when directly quoting.

What is the 'resourceful citer' form of plagiarism?

The 'resourceful citer' form of plagiarism occurs when a writer properly cites sources but the paper contains almost no original work, relying entirely on paraphrased or quoted material.

Why might students commit plagiarism, according to the lesson?

Students might commit plagiarism due to fear of failure, poor time management, lack of confidence in their own work, or because they believe cheating is acceptable.

What are some common modern forms of media plagiarism?

Common forms include copying images from websites, using copyrighted music in videos without permission, and remixing or altering copyrighted images or videos without proper attribution.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction and Opening Prayer

The video begins with a greeting from Miss Friesa Magno, who welcomes the class back to their Media and Information Literacy lesson. The focus of today's lesson is on plagiarism. Before diving into the main topic, the class starts with a prayer asking for guidance from the Lord Jesus Christ to help them listen attentively, value each other's contributions, and apply their learning correctly.

05:01

📝 Pre-Test and Introduction to Plagiarism Cases

Students are instructed to take a short pre-test on plagiarism by listing down everything they know about the topic. After the pre-test, Miss Magno discusses high-profile plagiarism cases in the Philippines, specifically the allegations against Senator Tito Sotto and a controversy involving the Department of Tourism's 'Philippines So Beautiful' campaign. These examples set the stage for a deeper discussion on plagiarism.

10:02

🎶 Defining Plagiarism and Ethical Considerations

This section explains what plagiarism is, defining it as copying or borrowing someone else's work without proper acknowledgment. The teacher raises questions about the ethics of using others' work, particularly in creative fields like music. The dictionary definition of plagiarism is provided, and the concept is described as a form of fraud that involves both stealing and lying about it. Various forms of plagiarism are introduced, including intentional and unintentional acts.

15:07

🧐 Exploring Different Types of Plagiarism

Here, the video delves into specific types of plagiarism, such as ghostwriting, photocopying, and patchwriting. Each type is explained in detail, with examples illustrating how plagiarism can occur even when a writer changes words slightly or blends others' ideas into their work without proper citation. The video emphasizes that understanding these forms is crucial in avoiding plagiarism.

20:09

🎨 Plagiarism Beyond Text: Media and Music

The discussion expands to plagiarism in non-text forms, such as images, videos, and music. The video stresses that plagiarism is not limited to written work and includes unauthorized use of media in various formats. Examples are provided, such as using copyrighted music in videos or replicating visual works in different mediums, highlighting the importance of respecting intellectual property across all media types.

25:10

💡 Strategies to Avoid Plagiarism

The video concludes by offering strategies to avoid plagiarism, such as proper paraphrasing, citation, and acknowledging sources. It emphasizes the importance of citing not only others' work but also one's own previous work to avoid self-plagiarism. The section also provides practical exercises for students to practice paraphrasing and reflect on their understanding of plagiarism, encouraging them to make a personal pledge against it.

Keywords

💡Plagiarism

Plagiarism is defined as the act of using someone else's work, ideas, or words without proper acknowledgment, presenting them as your own. In the video, plagiarism is the central topic, where the teacher explains different forms of plagiarism, such as copying text without citation and paraphrasing without giving credit. The video emphasizes that plagiarism is both unethical and illegal.

💡Ethics

Ethics refers to the moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity. The video discusses plagiarism as an unethical practice, highlighting how it involves dishonesty and stealing intellectual property. Ethical considerations are important in academic work, and the video encourages students to practice honesty in their submissions.

💡Citation

Citation is the act of acknowledging the original source of information, ideas, or text. In the video, the teacher emphasizes the importance of properly citing sources to avoid plagiarism. Citation is crucial in academic writing to give credit to the original authors and maintain academic integrity.

💡Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing is the act of rewording or restating someone else's ideas in your own words. The video explains that while paraphrasing is acceptable, it must be done carefully, with proper attribution to the original source. Incorrect paraphrasing without citation can lead to unintentional plagiarism.

💡Intellectual Property

Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce. The video mentions that using another person's intellectual property without permission or citation is a form of plagiarism, as it violates copyright laws.

💡Self-plagiarism

Self-plagiarism occurs when a person reuses their previous work without citing it, presenting it as new and original. The video discusses how submitting the same work for different assignments or courses without acknowledgment is considered a violation of academic policies.

💡Quoting

Quoting involves using someone else's exact words in your work, enclosed in quotation marks, followed by a citation. The video emphasizes that direct quotations should be properly cited to avoid plagiarism. Quoting is essential when the original wording is significant to the argument or when paraphrasing would alter the meaning.

💡Turnitin

Turnitin is a tool used for checking plagiarism by comparing submitted work against a vast database of sources. The video references Turnitin’s white paper on different categories of plagiarism, illustrating how technology can help identify and prevent plagiarism in academic settings.

💡Ghostwriting

Ghostwriting is a form of plagiarism where one person writes content that is presented as another person's work. In the video, this is highlighted as one of the most severe forms of plagiarism, where students submit work written by someone else as their own.

💡Academic Integrity

Academic integrity refers to the ethical code and moral principles in an academic environment. The video underscores the importance of academic integrity, urging students to produce original work and properly attribute sources to uphold honesty and trust in education.

Highlights

Introduction to the media and information literacy class by Ms. Friesa Magno.

The importance of plagiarism as today's main topic.

Guided prayer for the class, emphasizing divine guidance in learning.

Pre-test activity asking students to write what they know about plagiarism.

Interactive review using a crossword puzzle to recap previous lessons.

Discussion of high-profile plagiarism cases in the Philippines, including those involving Senator Tito Sotto and the Department of Tourism.

Definition of plagiarism and its seriousness, including the ethical implications.

Exploration of whether it’s acceptable for musicians to use others' lyrics with or without attribution.

Introduction of the Turnitin white paper’s ten types of plagiarism, such as 'clone,' 'remix,' and 'mashup.'

Explanation of intentional versus unintentional plagiarism and how paraphrasing can lead to the latter.

Examples of different types of plagiarism, including 'ghost writer,' 'photocopy,' and 'potluck paper.'

Discussion of 'self-stealing' or self-plagiarism and the importance of citing your own previous work.

Explanation of plagiarism involving cited sources, such as 'forgotten footnote' and 'misinformer.'

The importance of properly citing all sources to avoid 'perfect crime' plagiarism.

Highlight on plagiarism of non-text media, including images, music, and videos, and how it applies to modern technology.

Ways to avoid plagiarism, including paraphrasing correctly, using citations, and recognizing intellectual property rights.

Paraphrasing exercise provided to reinforce proper techniques.

Legal versus illegal actions in the context of daily activities related to plagiarism.

Final reflection exercise encouraging students to pledge against plagiarism and consider the ethical implications of their actions.

Closing remarks by Ms. Friesa Magno, encouraging students to stay safe and continue learning.

Transcripts

so

[Music]

[Applause]

[Music]

good day class welcome back to our media

and information literacy class i am miss

friesa magno and i will be your teacher

for today's topic

and today

we will be discussing plagiarism

at the end of the learning period you

should be able to

[Music]

before we start our discussion let us

first ask the guidance of our lord jesus

christ

[Music]

lord

we offer to you our class today

we pray that through your divine

guidance we would learn how to listen

attentively to the inputs of our teacher

may we value each other's contributions

as a building block towards harmony and

peace and we would be able to apply

correctly what we have learned today

grant that as we interact with one

another we recognize the fact that all

our learning activities should be

accomplished for your greater lord

all this we asked in your powerful name

amen

[Music]

before going on to our new topic for

today's discussion let us first have a

short pre-test

please get your mil worksheets or your

mil notebooks and answer the following

questions

please proceed with the pre-test part in

your mil module and complete the table

by listing down everything you know

about plagiarism

you can write up to three items for each

category

i will give you two minutes to complete

this task timer starts now

[Music]

time's up

please hold on to your answers and later

you can send it to your mil teacher for

checking

let's review the past lesson by

completing this crossword puzzle

read the clues on the right part and

identify what is being asked in each

number

read these clues and identify what is

being asked in each number

i will give you three minutes to

complete this task

timer starts now

[Music]

time's up

and here are the correct answers always

remember

honesty is the best policy you may now

check and record your scores

are you familiar with this issues

how about this one

yes that's right

these are some of the hottest issues of

plagiarism in the philippines based from

the spot.ph article about the copycat

nation ten high-profile plagiarism cases

in the philippines these two cases had

been slammed by the netizens for a

matter of time

the first issue was about the

allegations against senator tito sato

case of plagiarism

he states that i am being accused of

plagiarism that i plagiarized a speech

of former president john f kennedy and

used his words as my own in my speech in

the senate against the rh or

reproductive health bill

the second photo was in november 2010

barely a week after the department of

tourism or dot unveiled its philippines

so beautiful campaign people were

enraged by its logo

things just got worse when netizens like

blogger spanky heisen enriquez pointed

out that the logo was similar to the one

used in poland's tourism campaign

it wasn't clear who was to blame for the

copied logo as campaigns in gray the

advertising agency involved in the

project said their role was only in an

advisory capacity

the question is what can be the reason

why

what is the issues all about

in this session you will learn what to

do to avoid committing mistakes like

this which is called as

plagiarism

[Music]

many people think of plagiarism as

copying another's work or borrowing

someone else's original ideas

but terms like copying and borrowing can

disguise the seriousness of the

different offenses

this can also be an ethical or

inappropriate means of copying and

borrowing

when we do the research and we seek

information to various sources and media

any idea we get should be acknowledged

appropriately

the question is

is it okay for a singer to use the

lyrics from another singer's song and

sell the song as if it is their own

can a musician use some of the lyrics

from another song how much is okay

what if the musician clearly refers to

the original artist while using the

words like a tribute is that okay

those are the different questions that

we will answer as we go along with our

discussion today

what is plagiarism

the dictionary.com defines plagiarism as

a piece of writing that has been copied

from someone else and is presented as

being your own work

it can also be viewed as an act of using

another person's words or ideas without

giving credit to that person

the turnitin white paper on categories

of plagiarism makes provision for 10

kinds of plagiarism in order of severity

which includes

clone control plus c find replace remix

recycle hybrid mashup 404 error

aggregator retweet

any written work published or

unpublished can be plagiarized

the act can be intentional or

unintentional which is explained by the

university of oxford last 2018.

in other words plagiarism is an act of

fraud

it involves both stealing someone else's

work and lying about it afterward

sometimes plagiarism is simply

dishonesty if you buy borrow or steal an

essay to turn in as your own work you

are plagiarizing

if you copy word for word or change a

word here and there while copying

without enclosing the copied passage in

quotation marks and identifying the

author you are also plagiarizing

but plagiarism can be more complicated

in act and intent

paraphrasing stating someone else's

ideas in your own words can lead you to

unintentional plagiarism

jotting down notes and ideas from

sources and then using them without

proper attributions to the authors or

titles in introductory phrases may

result in a paper that is only a blend

of your words combined with the words of

others that appear to be yours

let us discuss one by one where can we

categorize these situations

anyone who has written or graded a paper

knows that plagiarism is not always a

black and white issue

the boundary between plagiarism and

research is often unclear learning to

recognize the various forms of

plagiarism especially the more ambiguous

ones is an important step in the fight

to prevent it

plagiarism comes in various forms

the source is not cited

and the sources cited but still

plagiarism

the first type is called as the ghost

writer

one of the forms of plagiarism wherein

the writer turns in another's work word

for word as his or her own

quotation marks around all the copied

text followed by a parenthetical

citation would avoid plagiarism in this

case

but even if that were done a reader

might wonder why so much was quoted from

the first place

the photocopy

the writer copies significant portions

of text straight from a single source

without alteration

in this case the exact ideas in the

source are followed very closely too

closely simply by substituting your own

words and sentences for those of the

original

when the writer tries to disguise

plagiarism by copying from several

different sources tweaking the sentences

to make them fit together while

retaining most of the original phrasing

is called as the potluck paper

this refers to copying exact phrases

from someone else's work without using

quotation marks or paraphrasing

this is sometimes called patch writing

in this case although the writer has

retained the essential content of the

source he or she has altered the paper's

appearance slightly by changing keywords

and phrases

example the words and phrases lifted

verbatim or with only slight changes are

italicized

next when the writer takes the time to

paraphrase most of the paper from other

sources and make it all fit together

instead of spending the same effort on

original work

and the last one for sources not cited

is called the self-stealer

the writer borrows generously from his

or her previous work violating policies

concerning the expectation of

originality adopted by most academic

institutions

this happens when you submit the same

material to different teachers and

passing it off as being written

specifically for a certain subject

course

cite your own work

if you used information from previous

personal work cite it treat it the same

way you would treat someone else's work

this will help you avoid committing

self-plagiarism

the next type of plagiarism is sources

cited

but still plagiarized

the first one is the forgotten footnote

when the writer mentions an author's

name for a source but neglects to

include specific information on the

location of the material referenced

this often masks other forms of

plagiarism by obscuring source locations

this happens when a writer forgets to

cite sources for non-original ideas

when the writer provides inaccurate

information regarding the sources making

it impossible to find them

it is called as the misinformer

the two perfect paraphrase writer

properly cites a source but neglects to

put in quotation marks text that has

been copied word for word or close to it

although attributing the basic ideas to

the source the writer is falsely

claiming original presentation and

interpretation of the information

using exact quotes should be reserved

for situations where the original author

has stated the idea in a better way than

any paraphrase you might come up with

in the above case the information could

be summed up and simply paraphrased with

a proper citation because the idea even

in your words belongs to someone else

the resourceful cider

the writer properly cites all sources

paraphrasing and using quotations

appropriately

the catch

the paper contains almost no original

work it is sometimes difficult to spot

this form of plagiarism because it looks

like any other well-researched document

the perfect crime

in this case the writer properly quotes

and cites sources in some places but

goes on to paraphrase other arguments

from those sources without citation

the perfect crime

in this case the writer properly quotes

and cites sources in some places but

goes on to paraphrase other arguments

from those sources without citation

according to the kent state university

students commit plagiarism for various

reasons some may fear failure or taking

risks with their own work

others may suffer from poor time

management or plan poorly for writing

and so have no choice but to plagiarize

still others may view cheating as

acceptable they may not however be the

only one to blame

what about images videos and music

based from the affordable colleges

online plagiarism does not solely apply

to written work

words ideas images sounds videos and

other media can be plagiarized

using an image video or piece of music

in a work you have produced without

receiving proper permission or providing

appropriate citation as plagiarism

the expression of original ideas is

considered intellectual property and is

protected by copyright laws just like

original inventions

almost all forms of expression fall

under copyright protection as long as

they are recorded in some media such as

a book or a computer file

the following activities are very common

in today's society despite their

popularity they still count as

plagiarism

copying media especially images from

other websites to paste them into your

own papers or websites

making a video using footage from others

videos or using copyrighted music as

part of the soundtrack

performing another person's copyrighted

music like playing a cover

and lastly composing a piece of music

that borrows heavily from another

composition

certainly these media pose situations in

which it can be challenging to determine

whether or not the copyrights of a work

are being violated

for example

a photograph or scan of a copyrighted

image using a photograph of a book cover

to represent that book on one's website

[Music]

second is by recording an audio or video

in which copyrighted music or video is

playing in the background

[Music]

when you are recreating a visual work in

the same medium

[Music]

for example shooting a photograph that

uses the same composition and subject

matter as someone else's photograph

recreating a visual work in a different

medium like making a painting that

closely resembles another person's

photograph

[Music]

and lastly remixing or altering

copyrighted images video or audio even

if done so in an original way

when thinking about plagiarism it is

hard to avoid talking about ideas as if

they were objects like tables and chairs

obviously that's not the case you should

not feel that you are under pressure to

invent completely new ideas

instead original writing consists of

thinking through ideas and expressing

them in your own way

in this time of modern technology it is

hard to detect most plagiarism that's

why we need to talk about how can you

avoid committing plagiarism

citing publish work to support your

ideas and statements when writing is

necessary it adds credibility to your

work

there is however a proper way to do that

so you will not be accused of

plagiarizing someone's work

here are six ways to avoid committing

plagiarism by turnitin 2017

the first one is through paraphrase

if you find information that fits your

written work read it carefully then

rewrite it using your own words and do

not exactly copy more than two

consecutive words from it

if you do use quotation marks and

properly cite their source

here's the thing

paraphrase is a valuable rhetorical

technique you should use it to simplify

or summarize so that others ideas or

information properly attributed in the

introduction and documented in a

parenthetical citation may be woven into

the pattern of your own ideas

you should not use paraphrase simply to

avoid quotation you should use it to

express another's important ideas in

your own words when those ideas are not

expressed in a way that is useful to

quote directly

cite

always follow the prescribed document

formatting guidelines like apa mla

chicago and etc

a source citation usually includes the

author's name and publication date

when quoting directly copy the exact

word phrase sentence or paragraph the

author wrote then enclose in quotation

marks

[Music]

you do not want to misquote anyone

use block quotes but only if really

needed any student should be able to

properly paraphrase most materials so

whenever possible avoid entire blocks of

quote

quotation marks around all the copied

text followed by a parenthetical

citation would avoid plagiarism in this

case

when citing a quote source include the

page for a book or paragraph for web

content number

cite your own quote

if you used information from previous

personal work cite it

treat it the same way you would treat

someone else's work

this will help you avoid committing

self-plagiarism

cite all of your references

this is a way to acknowledge the hard

work of the people whose work helped you

complete yours

most cases of plagiarism can be avoided

however by citing sources

simply acknowledging that certain

material has been borrowed and providing

your audience with the information

necessary to find that source is usually

enough to prevent plagiarism

now let me discuss to you the activities

you are going to work on after this

video lesson

those who have printed module may write

their answer on the activity sheets and

those who have e-module again write your

answer on your mil notebook

let's practice paraphrasing

paraphrase the following sentences write

your answers on the space provided in

your modules

[Music]

this quarantine period people are more

exposed to the different modern

technology which gives way to the

availability of an easy access to all

kinds of information

given here are the different situations

that we do every day decide whether the

following actions are legal or illegal

[Music]

cuz value matters

it's reflection time

after knowing the do's and don't about

plagiarism kindly get a piece of paper

or any notepad

[Music]

complete the sentence and post it in any

place where you can see this often

especially when you are working on with

your school tasks

it will serve as reminder that you would

not commit plagiarism or any form of

stealing

i would never think of taking blank

without asking

after finishing writing your pledge you

may answer the following questions

what did you learn from the lesson today

what do you personally plan to do to

avoid plagiarism

and what do you personally plan to do so

you won't be victimized by or

unknowingly spread false information

you may write your answers on the space

provided inside your modules

you may ask the assistance of an adult

members in the household to check your

answers in all the activities

and that's all for today i believe you

have truly learned the concept and

values of today's session again this is

miss risa magno stay safe and happy

learning

[Music]

you