The Perception Process
Summary
TLDRThis video script explains the perception process, which involves making sense of our surroundings through selection, organization, and interpretation based on our unique frame of reference. The speaker uses a classroom example to illustrate how we focus on specific stimuli and organize information using principles like proximity. They emphasize the role of past experiences in shaping our interpretations, noting that different backgrounds can lead to varied perceptions, which may sometimes result in misunderstandings.
Takeaways
- 👀 Perception is the process of making sense of things, interpreting our world, and involves judgment based on our individual frame of reference.
- 🎯 The first step in perception is 'Selection', where we choose one thing to focus on amidst numerous stimuli.
- 🤔 'Organization' follows selection, where we analyze and categorize the selected stimuli based on past experiences and mental frameworks.
- 🔍 We organize information using principles like proximity, similarity, and differences to make sense of our environment.
- 📚 Proximity is a key organizer; we tend to group things that are close together, assuming they are related.
- 📈 The perception process is rapid and often occurs subconsciously, as we can only focus on one thing at a time.
- 🤓 Multitasking is not truly processing multiple tasks simultaneously but rapidly shifting focus between them.
- 🧠 Our interpretation of stimuli is influenced by our unique frame of reference, shaped by culture, past experiences, and upbringing.
- 📉 Lack of experience with certain stimuli can lead to incorrect interpretations, highlighting the importance of context in perception.
- 💡 The perception process is not always accurate, as it is susceptible to errors due to the subjective nature of individual experiences.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is the perception process, which explains how individuals make sense of, interpret, and judge things based on their unique frames of reference.
Why do people have different frames of reference?
-People have different frames of reference due to factors such as their backgrounds, environments, and cultures, which influence how they perceive and interpret their world.
What is the first step in the perception process described in the script?
-The first step in the perception process is Selection, where individuals choose something to focus on from the multitude of stimuli in their environment.
How does the concept of multitasking relate to the perception process?
-The script clarifies that people are not truly multitasking but are instead rapidly shifting attention from one thing to another, as they can only focus on and perceive one thing at a time.
What is the second step in the perception process after Selection?
-The second step in the perception process is Organization, where individuals analyze and categorize the selected information based on past experiences and cognitive principles like proximity, similarity, and differences.
Why is it easy to miscommunicate or have errors in perception?
-Miscommunication or errors in perception can occur because everyone's past experiences and frames of reference are different, leading to varied interpretations of the same stimuli.
How does the concept of proximity influence the organization of perceived information?
-Proximity influences the organization of perceived information by leading individuals to assume that objects or people that are close together are related or associated in some way.
What role do past experiences play in the perception process?
-Past experiences play a crucial role in the perception process by providing a frame of reference that individuals use to interpret and make judgments about new information.
How does the instructor's behavior in the classroom example illustrate the perception process?
-The instructor's behavior, such as writing in red ink, using exclamation points, and speaking loudly, is perceived as indicating importance by the student, based on past experiences where similar behaviors were associated with crucial information for tests.
Why is it challenging for someone without much experience to accurately perceive a situation?
-It is challenging for someone without much experience to accurately perceive a situation because they lack the frame of reference necessary to interpret the stimuli effectively.
What does the script suggest about the impact of cultural perspectives on perception?
-The script suggests that cultural perspectives, along with other factors like past experiences and upbringing, significantly influence an individual's perception, making it unique and sometimes prone to errors.
Outlines
🔍 Understanding the Perception Process
This paragraph introduces the perception process, emphasizing its complexity and the challenges students face in grasping it. Perception is defined as the way individuals interpret and make judgments about their environment. It varies from person to person due to differences in backgrounds, environments, and cultures. The speaker simplifies the perception process by breaking it down into steps, starting with 'Selection,' where individuals choose one stimulus to focus on amidst numerous possibilities. The example given is being in a classroom and choosing to focus on the instructor rather than the distractions in the room. The speaker clarifies that multitasking is a myth, as the human brain can only truly focus on one thing at a time, highlighting the subconscious nature of this selection process.
🧠 The Organization Phase of Perception
The second paragraph delves into the 'Organization' phase of the perception process. After selecting what to focus on, individuals analyze and categorize the information based on past experiences and cognitive frameworks. The speaker uses the classroom example to illustrate how they interpret the instructor's actions—writing in red ink, using exclamation points, and speaking loudly—as signs of importance, likely indicating content that will be on a test. The paragraph also touches on how different frames of reference, influenced by factors like culture and upbringing, can lead to varied interpretations of the same stimuli. The speaker concludes by emphasizing the ease with which perceptions can be incorrect due to these individual differences in frames of reference.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Perception
💡Frame of Reference
💡Selection
💡Organization
💡Proximity
💡Similarity
💡Differences
💡Interpretation
💡Schemata
💡Cultural Perspectives
💡Upbringing
Highlights
The perception process is explained as how we make sense of things and interpret our world.
Perception is influenced by our frame of reference, which is shaped by backgrounds, environments, and culture.
Miscommunication or errors in perception can occur due to everyone's unique frame of reference.
The first step in the perception process is Selection, where we choose what to focus on.
Multitasking is a myth; we actually shift attention rapidly from one thing to another.
Organization is the next step, where we analyze and compare new information with past experiences.
Proximity is a key factor in how we organize and interpret spatial relationships.
Similarity and differences are other factors that influence how we organize information.
The example of an instructor's behavior is used to illustrate how past experiences shape our interpretation.
The instructor's use of red ink, exclamation points, and loud voice indicates the importance of a concept.
The perception that the highlighted word is important is based on past experiences with instructors.
The assumption that important information will be on a test is based on past educational experiences.
Lack of experience can lead to confusion in interpreting new stimuli, such as an instructor's behavior.
Cultural perspectives, past experiences, and upbringing affect our individual frames of reference.
The perception process is prone to errors because everyone's frame of reference is unique.
The video aims to simplify the perception process to help viewers understand it better.
Transcripts
Okay in this video, I'm going to quickly go over the perception process. This has
been in your readings, but students tend to have a lot of trouble with the
perception process, so I just want to go over it very quickly just to add some
extra examples and kind of simplify it for you so you see where we're coming
from here. So, the perception process. Perception is just basically how we make
sense of things, how we make judgments about things, how we interpret our world,
and we kind of all go through this frame of reference and we all have a different
frame of reference based on our backgrounds, our environments, our culture.
There's a lot of different factors here, so that's why it's so easy to miss
communicate or have errors and perceptions because everybody's coming
from different past experiences. So let's go through the process. The first step is
Selection. In the selection process we're choosing something to focus on. So, for
example, I'm in a room right now, there's a lot of things going on in here, for
pretend - I'm actually in a room all by myself right now, but for pretend
purposes, I'm in a room there's a lot of things going on in the room - there's
other students, there's my instructor in the front,
there's people walking down the hallway, somebody's, you know, phone is going off,
there's a lot of things going on in the room. I need to focus on one thing so I'm
going to choose to select to focus on my instructor because I'm in class right
now, and not focus on the people in the hallway, not focus on the other students.
Really in terms of selection you can really only focus on one thing at a time,
and again this happens, this process happens so fast in your brain you don't
even really think about it, but you're really only focusing on one thing at a
time. So those of you who think you're really
good at multitasking - you're really good at just shifting attention from one
thing to another, but we're not really multitasking - we're really only focusing
and selecting one thing at a time to perceive. So I'm watching my instructor
and I'm tuning out everything else in the room. I'm going to focus and I'm
going to perceive, make a perception, about my instructor. So now I move to
Organization, and in the organization step I'm going to really analyze what is
it that the instructor is doing in this stage, and then I'm going to put it in
brain, compare it to my past experiences. Now how do we organize this information
in our brain? In our readings it talked a lot about things like proximity,
similarity, differences, we kind of have ways we just organize things in general.
I really like the readings and how they talk about that we when we one of the
easiest ways for us to perceive and organize is by looking at that idea of
proximity. If two people are close together we kind of just make that
interpretation or assumption that they must be together in some sort of way, they
know each other, we just make that assumption automatically. So like the
idea of proximity, we organize they're close together. That's the organization.
They must be together. That's our interpretation. So back to my example of
being in the classroom, I'm going to more analyze the behaviors of what they're
doing outside of the proximity, similarity, differences, so I'm going to
just look at what is the instructor doing right now. So my instructor is
writing something in red ink on the board, putting some exclamation points by
it, talking in a very loud voice underlining the words he's saying, waving
his arms and really pointing to this word that he wrote on the board and
I'm thinking to myself, "Okay, in past experiences that I've had..." I'm
going to put all this through my own frame of reference. When someone is
pointing at a word, underlining it on the board,
putting exclamation points next to it, using a very loud tone of voice when
describing this word, I think he's trying to get a point across to us that he really wants us to know this word. This must be something really important for
me. So in my past experience is when somebody has an instructor has told me
that something is really important it's been because it's something that we're
really going to be tested on, so I should probably pay attention to this. That's
our interpretation. We've made that interpretation that based on my past
experiences all these schemata that I put this through, what this and the
behaviors that I'm seeing this instructor doing to this vocabulary term
that he's put on the board is very important I need to pay attention to it -
It's probably going to be on the test.
And maybe he's going to come out and say, "Hey, this is on the test." and then you
know like your perception is correct. That's a pretty easy example but if you
think about in certain situations where maybe you don't have a lot of experience
with a certain stimuli, like if this was your first time ever taking a class and
you hadn't seen that before you know an instructor standing there really like
pointing to a word and yelling and underlining, you would wonder like "Why
are they doing this? Like, they really want me to see this word but but why?"
You're not going to have that frame of reference point to be able to know
exactly why it is that they're doing this, so keep that in mind our frame of
reference for every one is a little bit different. Like I said it is influenced
by cultural perspectives, past experiences, upbringing, where we live
makes a difference in our perceptions. That's why it's so easy to be wrong in
our perceptions. So that's a brief overview of the Perception Process. I
hope that helps simplify it a little bit for you!
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