Apa itu Geografi? | Ruang Lingkup Geografi
Summary
TLDRThis script delves into the study of geography, a broad discipline encompassing the Earth's physical features, climate, and inhabitants. It traces the origins of the term 'geography' from ancient Greek scholars like Eratosthenes, who focused on the Earth's shape, to Strabo, who emphasized the study of places' characteristics and their interconnections. The video outlines geography's scope, including physical, social, and regional aspects, and touches on sub-disciplines like geology, meteorology, and hydrography. It aims to provide a foundational understanding of geography's significance and its various applications in studying our world.
Takeaways
- 🌍 Geography is a broad science that encompasses the study of the Earth's surface, climate, population, flora, fauna, and the resources derived from the Earth.
- 📚 The term 'geography' was first introduced by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes, who defined it as the science concerning the shape of the Earth.
- 🌳 German geographer Carl Ritter viewed geography as a field of study about the Earth as the dwelling place of humans, including various phenomena occurring on the Earth's surface.
- 🏞 Strabo, a Greek geographer and philosopher, described geography as a study closely related to the characteristics of a place and its relationship with other places.
- 🔍 The scope of geography includes explaining all phenomena occurring on Earth, such as the formation of stalactites and stalagmites in caves.
- 🌊 Geography serves as a tool to investigate the relationship between one phenomenon and another on Earth, such as how an undersea earthquake can cause a tsunami.
- 🌱 It also helps in studying the similarities and differences in phenomena across the Earth, including the distribution of populations in a region.
- 🏔 The field of geography is divided into three main branches: physical geography, social geography, and regional geography.
- 🌳 Physical geography focuses on studying natural phenomena on Earth's surface, excluding human activities, and includes aspects like landforms, climate, and ecosystems.
- 👥 Social geography involves the study of human behavior, both as individuals and as groups, and the impact of this behavior on the environment.
- 🗺 Regional geography concentrates on the physical and human aspects of a particular area, aiming to understand its potential and how to utilize it for development.
- 🔬 Geography is associated with various scientific disciplines, including geology, geophysics, geomorphology, meteorology, astronomy, biogeography, climatology, demography, paleontology, and hydrography.
Q & A
What is geography according to the Indonesian Dictionary?
-Geography is the science that studies the Earth's surface, climate, population, flora, fauna, and the products obtained from the Earth.
Who was Eratosthenes and what did he contribute to geography?
-Eratosthenes was a Greek scholar from 276 to 194 BCE who first introduced the term 'geography', defining it as the science that covers the shape of the Earth.
What is the definition of geography according to German geographer Alexander von Humboldt?
-According to Alexander von Humboldt, geography is the study of the Earth as the habitat of humanity, encompassing various phenomena occurring on the Earth's surface.
What does Strabo describe geography as?
-Strabo, a Greek geographer and philosopher, describes geography as a study closely related to the characteristics of a place, considering its relationship with other places in a holistic manner.
What are the three main scopes of geography mentioned in the script?
-The three main scopes of geography are physical geography, social geography, and regional geography.
How is physical geography defined in the context of the script?
-Physical geography is a scope of study that can be utilized to examine phenomena related to the natural environment, excluding human activities. It includes the study of the Earth's physical features such as shape, climate, and other atmospheric, hydrospheric, biospheric, pedospheric, and lithospheric phenomena.
What does social geography study?
-Social geography studies human behavior, both as individuals and as groups within society, and how it impacts the environment. It is concerned with the uniqueness of social and cultural aspects in different regions.
What is the focus of regional geography?
-Regional geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the physical and human aspects within a specific area, aiming to understand the region's potential and how it can be utilized for development.
What are some of the disciplines related to geography mentioned in the script?
-Some of the disciplines related to geography mentioned are geology, geophysics, geomorphology, meteorology, astronomy, biogeography, climatology, demography, paleontology, and hydrography.
How does the script describe the role of biogeography?
-Biogeography is described as the science that discusses biodiversity based on space and time, simply put, it is related to the distribution of animals and plants on the Earth's surface.
What is the significance of climatology in the study of geography?
-Climatology focuses on studying natural and man-made forces that can influence long-term weather patterns. It is a branch of science that studies climate.
What does the script suggest about the importance of understanding geography?
-The script suggests that understanding geography is important as it provides insights into various natural and human phenomena on Earth, helps in disaster mitigation, and contributes to the development of regions by understanding their potential.
Outlines
🌏 Introduction to Geography
This paragraph introduces geography as a subject studied in high school, particularly for students majoring in social sciences. It explains geography as the science of the Earth's surface, climate, population, flora, fauna, and the products obtained from the land. The paragraph also delves into the definitions of geography by ancient scholars like Eratosthenes, who described it as a science concerning the shape of the Earth, and Strabo, who emphasized its connection to the characteristics of places and their relationships to the whole. The scope of geography is vast, covering phenomena on Earth, such as stalactite and stalagmite formation in caves, and the causes of tsunamis due to undersea earthquakes. The paragraph concludes by outlining the fields of study within geography, including physical geography, social geography, and regional geography.
📚 Branches of Geographical Sciences
The second paragraph explores the various branches of geographical sciences, starting with geology, which studies the Earth's structure, composition, and history. Geophysics is highlighted as the application of physical principles to study the Earth and its seismic activity, aiding in disaster mitigation and oil exploration. Geomorphology is introduced as the study of the Earth's surface and its changes. Meteorology is discussed as the science of the atmosphere's chemical and physical characteristics, including weather prediction. Astronomy is mentioned as the study of celestial bodies and phenomena beyond Earth's atmosphere. Biogeography is defined as the study of biodiversity distribution over space and time, including the spread of animals and plants. Climatology focuses on natural and man-made forces influencing long-term weather patterns. Demography is the study of population statistics, such as birth and death rates and population movement. Paleontology investigates past life forms and evolution. Lastly, hydrography is the applied science related to the mapping of oceans, lakes, rivers, and coastlines. The paragraph concludes by summarizing the importance of these branches in understanding and utilizing the Earth's resources for development.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Geography
💡Eratosthenes
💡Geographical phenomena
💡Physical Geography
💡Social Geography
💡Regional Geography
💡Geology
💡Geophysics
💡Geomorphology
💡Meteorology
💡Biogeography
💡Demography
💡Paleontology
💡Hydrography
Highlights
Geography is defined as the science of the Earth's surface, climate, population, flora, fauna, and the products derived from the Earth.
Geography is introduced by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes as the science that studies the shape of the Earth.
Geographer and German scholar Kord Ritter believes geography is the study of the Earth as a human habitat.
Strabo, a Greek geographer and philosopher, describes geography as a study closely related to the characteristics of a place and its relationship with other places.
Geography has a broad scope, encompassing various phenomena on Earth, such as the formation of stalactites and stalagmites in caves.
Geography serves to investigate the relationship between one phenomenon and another on Earth, such as how an undersea earthquake can cause a tsunami.
Geography studies similarities and differences in phenomena occurring on Earth, including the spread of populations in a region.
Geography is divided into three main branches: physical geography, social geography, and regional geography.
Physical geography focuses on studying the natural environment, excluding human activities.
Social geography examines human behavior, both as individuals and as groups, and its impact on the environment.
Regional geography focuses on the physical and human aspects of a specific area, aiming to understand and utilize its potential for development.
Geography is connected to various scientific disciplines, including geology, geophysics, geomorphology, meteorology, astronomy, biogeography, climatology, demography, paleontology, and hydrography.
Geology studies the Earth's structure, composition, and history, and how it has evolved over time.
Geophysics applies physical principles to study the Earth and its seismic activity, aiding in disaster mitigation and exploration of resources.
Geomorphology examines the Earth's surface and the changes that have occurred, supporting geological studies.
Meteorology provides information on the chemical and physical characteristics of the atmosphere and is used for weather forecasting.
Astronomy is the study of celestial bodies and phenomena occurring outside the Earth's atmosphere.
Biogeography discusses the distribution of life forms based on space and time, relating to the spread of animals and plants on Earth.
Climatology focuses on studying natural and man-made factors that influence long-term weather patterns and climate.
Demography is the science of population statistics, including birth rates, death rates, and population migration.
Paleontology explores past life forms and their evolution on Earth.
Hydrography is the applied science related to the mapping of oceans, lakes, rivers, and coastlines.
Transcripts
[Musik]
salah satu pelajaran yang kamu pelajari
di SMA terutama kalau kamu jurusan IPS
adalah
geografi Nah kalau kamu sudah mampir ke
video ini artinya kamu akan mencari tahu
apa sih itu geografi dan bagaimana ruang
lingkupnya Nah langsung saja kita bahas
let's go
[Musik]
[Tepuk tangan]
[Musik]
menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
geografi ini adalah ilmu tentang
permukaan bumi iklim penduduk flora
fauna serta hasil yang diperoleh dari
bumi Nah dari penjelasan ini sekarang
kita jadi lebih tahu nih Mengapa
geografi disebut sebagai ilmu
bumi Nah sekarang kita lihat pula
pengertian geografi menurut tiga para
ahli nah yang pertama ada
eratostenes eratostenes ini merupakan
ilmuwan Yunani pada tahun
194 sampai 276 sebelum masehi yang
pertama kali memperkenalkan istilah
geografi
ini nah menurut beliau geografi ini
adalah keilmuan yang mengulas tentang
bentuk muka buumi hal ini Senada dengan
pengertian geografi secara
harfiah nah kemudian ilmuan yang kedua
ada kard
riter nah k riter ini adalah seorang
ahli geografi kelahiran Jerman menurut
menurut beliau geografi ini merupakan
bidang studi tentang bumi sebagai tempat
tinggal manusia nah menurutnya berbagai
fenomena yang terjadi di permukaan bumi
menjadi ruang lingkup studi dari ilmu
pengetahuan geografi ini nah yang ketiga
ada
strabo nah geografer dan filsuf Yunani
strabo ini mendeskripsikan bahwa
geografi ini sebagai studi yang
berhubungan erat dengan karakteristik
suatu tempat Seraya memperhatikan
hubungan tempat tersebut dengan tempat
lain secara
keseluruhan Nah sekarang teman-teman
sudah mendapat bayangan kan kalau
misalnya ilmu geografi ini ilmu yang
sangat luas nah dikarenakan ilmu
geografi ini ilmu yang sangat luas maka
dibuatlah ruang lingkup geografi ini
untuk mempermudah ilmuwan melakukan
kajian ilmu nah Berikut ini merupakan
ruang lingkup yang bakal kamu pelajari
di ilmu geografi ini yang pertama
geografi ini sebagai sarana untuk
mengungkapkan semua fenomena yang
terjadi di bumi
contohnya Bagaimana proses terbentuknya
stalaktit dan stalakmid pada
gua Nah selanjutnya geografi ini sebagai
sarana untuk meneliti gejala satu dengan
gejala lain yang ada di muka bumi ini
Contohnya bagaimana gempa bumi di laut
dapat menyebabkan tsunami Nah itu
contohnya kemudian selanjutnya geografi
sebagai sarana untuk mempelajari
persamaan dan perbedaan fenomena yang
berlangsung di bumi kemudian geografi
ini sebagai sarana untuk mempelajari
gejala atau kejadi an di bumi Contohnya
seperti mempelajari penyebaran penduduk
di suatu wilayah selanjutnya ada ruang
lingkup geografi jadi ruang lingkup
geografi ini dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu
ada geografi fisik geografi sosial dan
Geografi
regional geografi fisik merupakan salah
satu ruang lingkup studi geografi yang
dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengkaji
hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan
lingkungan alam selain manusia nah
Sementara itu di dalam buku yang
berjudul geografi sejarah Indonesia pada
tahun 2017 disebutkan bahwa cabang ilmu
geografi ini mempelajari gejala-gejala
fisik yang terjadi di permukaan bumi nah
Adapun contoh gejala fisik yang dimaksud
di sini adalah bentuk kemudian iklim dan
gejala lain yang terjadi di atmosfer
antrosf hidrosfer biosfer eh pedosfer
dan litosfer Nah jadi seperti itu
selanjutnya ada Geografi Sosial nah di
dalam ruang lingkup sosial pada geografi
diartikan sebagai kajian yang meliputi
perilaku manusia yang baik sebagai
individu maupun kelompok masyarakat dan
bagaimana dampaknya terhadap
lingkungan nah seperti yang kita tahu
bahwa di setiap wilayah pasti memiliki
keunikan sosial dan budayanya di sinilah
peran Geografi Sosial dibutuhkan Nah
dengan adanya Geografi Sosial peneliti
bisa mengkaji tentang fenomena dinamika
penduduk persebaran penduduk dan
aktivitas ekonomi di suatu daerah nah
yang ketiga ada Geografi
regional nah Geografi regional ini
merupakan cabang ilmu geografi yang
berfokus pada topik terkait aspek fisik
dan manusia pada suatu wilayah nah
harapannya lewat cabang ilmu ini wilayah
yang bersangkutan akan memahami
potensinya dan bagaimana potensi
tersebut dimanfaatkan agar wilayah yang
dimaksud itu bisa berkembang Nah itulah
tadi tiga ruang lingkup
geografi Oke teman-teman next jadi
geografi ini ini terbagi menjadi
beberapa disiplin ilmu yang pertama ada
geologi geologi ini adalah studi ilmiah
yang mempelajari tentang struktur
komposisi dan sejarah bumi nah mencari
tahu bagaimana bumi berkembang atau
berubah dari waktu ke waktu juga menjadi
ruang lingkup dari kajian ilmu geologi
ini yang kedua ada geofisika nah secara
umum geofisika ini merupakan studi yang
berkaitan dengan penerapan
prinsip-prinsip Fisika untuk mempelajari
bumi dan seisinya Nah dengan ilmu
geofisika ini peneliti dapat menciptakan
mitigasi bencana kemudian mengeksplorasi
minyak bumi hingga membangun
infrastruktur selanjutnya ada
geomorfologi nah geomorfologi ini
merupakan ilmu yang mengulas tentang
permukaan bumi beserta Segala perubahan
yang pernah terjadi di bumi itu sendiri
dengan kata lain ilmu geomorfologi ini
bisa menjadi penunjang atau ditunjang di
ilmu
geologi Nah selanjutnya ada ilmu
meteorologi nah ilmu meteorologi ini
merupakan ilmu pengetahuan yang memuat
informasi tentang ciri-ciri kimia dan
fisika dari atmosfer nah Selain itu
meteorologi ini dapat dipakai juga untuk
meramalkan
cuaca selanjutnya ada astronomi
astronomi ini adalah sebutan untuk
cabang ilmu dunia yang berkaitan dengan
benda-benda langit termasuk mengamati
fenomena fenomena yang terjadi di luar
atmosfer bumi Nah selanjutnya ada
biogeografi nah biogeografi ini
merupakan ilmu yang membahas tentang
keanekaragaman hayati berdasarkan ruang
dan waktu nah sederhananya studi ini
terkait dengan penyebaran binatang dan
tumbuh-tumbuhan yang ada di muka bumi
ini selanjutnya ada klimatologi
klimatologi ini berfokus mempelajari
kekuatan alam maupun kekuatan buatan
yang dapat mempengaruhi pola Cu dalam
jangka panjang nah pengertian lain dari
klimatologi ini adalah cabang ilmu yang
mempelajari tentang iklim Oke
selanjutnya ada demografi demografi ini
merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang
statistik kependudukan seperti angka
kelahiran angka kematian dan perpindahan
penduduk Nah selanjutnya ada
paleontologi nah paleontologi ini
berperan untuk mencari tahu tentang
kehidupan-kehidupan yang pernah ada di
masa lampau tak terkecuali mengenai
evolusi makhluk yang ada di bumi ini nah
yang terakhir ada hidrografi nah
hidrografi ini adalah ilmu terapan yang
berkaitan dengan pemataan lautan
kemudian Danau sungai hingga
pesisir Nah itulah tadi pembahasan kita
mengenai pengertian dan jenis-jenis
ruang lingkup dari ilmu geografi ini
semoga bermanfaat untuk teman-teman
semuanya Terima kasih sudah menonton
assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakuh
[Musik]
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