What you need to turbocharge your car || EXPLAINED
Summary
TLDRThis video script offers an in-depth guide on turbocharging a car, emphasizing the importance of a well-maintained vehicle before boosting. It covers the essentials, including choosing the right turbocharger, wastegates, intercoolers, piping, oiling, and fueling. The script also highlights the necessity of professional tuning for reliable power output, suggesting that while complete turbo kits are available, building your own can be more cost-effective and customizable.
Takeaways
- 🔧 Start with a car in perfect condition to avoid magnifying existing issues when boosting.
- 🚀 The choice of turbocharger is crucial as it affects other components needed for the setup.
- 💨 Turbos can have internal or external wastegates to control turbine speed and prevent over-boosting.
- 🌡️ An intercooler is essential for cooling the charged air, increasing its density and power output.
- 📐 Custom piping for the intercooler can be more cost-effective than prefabricated kits.
- 🍃 Ensure clean, cool air intake for optimal performance by positioning the filter appropriately.
- 🔩 Choose between tubular and cast exhaust manifolds based on cost, reliability, and performance.
- 🔗 The downpipe connects the turbine outlet to the exhaust system and is often available as part of a kit.
- 🛢️ Proper oiling is vital for turbo longevity; consider oil pressure regulation to prevent issues.
- 🔄 Cooling lines are necessary to keep the turbocharger from overheating.
- 💨 A blow-off valve prevents compressor surge and potential turbo damage.
- 📈 Accurate fueling is required to match the increased air intake for optimal combustion.
- 📊 Monitoring boost pressure and air-fuel ratio is crucial for tuning and performance.
- 🛠️ Professional tuning is essential for safe and reliable power output, preferably done on a dyno.
Q & A
What is the purpose of a turbocharger in a car?
-A turbocharger is used to increase the power output of a car by forcing more air into the engine, which allows for more fuel to be burned and thus more power to be generated.
Why is it important to ensure the car is in perfect condition before turbocharging?
-It's crucial to ensure the car is in perfect condition because any existing issues, such as engine knock, will be multiplied when the car is under boost, potentially leading to more severe problems.
What is a wastegate and why is it necessary in a turbocharged system?
-A wastegate is a device that diverts exhaust gases away from the turbocharger to prevent it from spinning too fast. It controls the turbine speed and, consequently, the amount of boost the turbo makes, ensuring the system operates safely.
What is the function of an intercooler in a turbocharged car?
-An intercooler is an air-to-air radiator that cools the charged air coming from the turbocharger before it enters the engine. Cooler, denser air allows for more power generation.
Why might someone choose to fabricate their own intercooler piping instead of buying a prefabricated kit?
-Fabricating one's own intercooler piping can be cheaper than buying a prefabricated kit and allows for customization to fit specific car models or personal preferences.
What are the differences between tubular and cast exhaust manifolds?
-Tubular manifolds are lighter and can flow better if properly designed, but they are expensive and require skilled welding to avoid cracking. Cast manifolds are cheaper, more reliable, and almost indestructible but are heavier and do not flow as well as tubular manifolds.
What is the role of the downpipe in a turbocharged car?
-The downpipe connects the turbine outlet to the rest of the exhaust system, allowing the exhaust gases to be efficiently expelled from the turbocharger and engine.
Why is proper oiling essential for the longevity of a turbocharger?
-Oil is the lifeblood of a turbocharger, providing necessary lubrication to prevent wear and failure. Most turbo failures are due to oiling issues, so ensuring proper oil feed and return is vital.
What is the purpose of a blow-off valve in a turbocharged system?
-A blow-off valve prevents compressor surge, which can potentially damage the turbocharger. It releases excess pressure between the turbo and the throttle body on the charge pipe.
Why is it necessary to upgrade fueling components when adding a turbocharger to a car?
-With more air being forced into the engine by the turbocharger, there is a corresponding need for more fuel to maintain the proper air-fuel ratio and generate power, which may require upgrading fuel injectors, the fuel rail, or even the fuel pump.
What are the benefits of using a wideband O2 sensor over a stock narrowband sensor when tuning a turbocharged car?
-A wideband O2 sensor provides a full air-fuel ratio, which is crucial for precise tuning of the engine. In contrast, a stock narrowband sensor only indicates whether the engine is running rich or lean, offering less detailed information.
Why is professional tuning important when installing a turbocharger?
-Professional tuning is essential to safely and effectively maximize the power output of a turbocharged engine. A professional tuner can fine-tune variables like spark timing, fueling, and boost pressure across the entire RPM range and load, ensuring reliable performance.
Outlines
🔧 Turbocharging Basics and Components Overview
This paragraph introduces the concept of turbocharging and its commonality across high-performance cars like the Audi RS3, Mustang, and even the relatively lower-powered Miata. It emphasizes the importance of starting with a car in perfect condition to avoid magnifying existing issues when boosting. The video promises to cover all necessary steps to turbocharge a car, including choosing the right turbocharger, understanding wastegates, intercoolers, piping, intake and exhaust systems, oiling, and cooling. It also mentions the significance of professional tuning for maximizing power and reliability.
🛠️ Advanced Turbocharging Considerations and DIY Tips
The second paragraph delves deeper into the specifics of turbocharging, discussing the types of exhaust manifolds, the role of downpipes, oiling and cooling systems, and the necessity of a blow-off valve. It highlights the importance of fueling adjustments to match the increased air intake and the use of a boost gauge and air-fuel ratio (AFR) gauge for monitoring. The paragraph stresses the critical role of professional tuning, especially on a dyno, to safely achieve maximum power. It also touches on the options of buying complete or partial turbo kits versus assembling a custom kit for cost-effectiveness and quality.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Turbocharger
💡Waste Gate
💡Intercooler
💡Piping
💡Intake
💡Exhaust Manifold
💡Downpipe
💡Oiling
💡Blow-Off Valve
💡Fueling
💡Boost Gauge
💡AFR Gauge
💡Tuning
Highlights
The video covers everything needed to turbocharge a car.
Assumption that the car is running perfectly before turbocharging to avoid amplifying existing issues.
Importance of choosing the right turbocharger for your car, with a separate video dedicated to this topic.
Explanation of wastegates, both internal and external, and their function in controlling turbo speed and boost.
The necessity of an intercooler to cool and densify charged air for more power.
Options for intercooler kits and the benefits of custom fabrication.
The role of piping in connecting the compressor outlet, intercooler, and throttle body.
Advantages of using a cone filter for clean, cool air intake.
Different types of exhaust manifolds: tubular and cast, with their respective pros and cons.
Downpipe's function in connecting the turbine outlet to the exhaust system and the option of getting it as a kit.
The critical role of oiling for turbo lubrication and the commonality of oiling issues in turbo failures.
Details on oil feed and return lines, and the use of stainless steel braided lines.
Coolant lines for keeping the turbo cool and the materials that can be used.
Function of the blow-off valve in preventing compressor surge and its placement on the charge pipe.
The need for proper fueling to match increased air intake for more power.
Importance of a boost gauge for monitoring turbo boost pressure.
Use of an AFR gauge and wideband O2 sensor for precise tuning and the difference from a stock narrowband O2 sensor.
The crucial step of professional tuning for safe and reliable power output, emphasizing the use of a dyno.
Options for buying complete or partial turbo kits and the benefits of assembling your own kit for quality and cost.
Upcoming video on how to choose the right turbo for your car with calculations and considerations.
Transcripts
1200 horsepower audi rs3
1400 horsepower mustang
190 horsepower miata
that's actually not bad for a miata they
all have something in common that helps
them make all this power
turbochargers but how do you turbocharge
a car can just do it in your garage so
in this video i'll be going over
everything you need
to turbocharge a car
[Music]
now before we start i'm gonna assume
that your car is running perfectly no
leaks no
issues no knocks or any of that funny
business because whatever issue it has
right now
will be multiplied when it's boosting so
that once in a while
engine knock that you have right now
could turn into
once you're boosted so do all the
maintenance and get it running perfectly
before you do
anything to it okay now let's get into
it the first part you should look into
is the turbocharger itself
obviously because almost everything else
is going to depend on the turbo you
choose i will cover how to choose the
right turbo for your car
in another video because i just don't
want to make this video two hours long
just make sure to subscribe so you don't
miss that video
next is the waste gate now some turbos
are already wastegated which means they
already have an internal wastegate
pre-float turbos on the other hand do
not have an internal wastegate and
that's when you need to get an external
wastegate both the internal and external
wastegates do the same exact thing they
basically divert the exhaust gases away
from the turbo to prevent it from
spinning too fast and by controlling the
turbine speed
it controls the amount of boost the
turbo makes next you'll need to sort out
your intercooler an intercooler is
basically an air-to-air radiator it
cools the charged air coming from your
turbo before it gets into your engine
the cooler the air the more dense it's
going to be
and the more power you're going to make
you can get intercooler kits that are
prefabricated
specifically for your car but it's
cheaper to piece together and fabricate
your own piping you need piping from the
compressor outlet to the intercooler and
then from the intercooler to the
throttle body
next is intake some people just stick a
cone filter to the compressor inlet on
the turbo
which does work but it's better to have
the filter somewhere that it gets clean
cool air next you'll need an exhaust
manifold to bolt
your turbo to your engine now when
you're looking for an exhaust manifold
they're usually two main types tubular
and cast tubular manifolds are lighter
and they can
flow better if designed properly they
can also look
mad bougie but they're expensive and if
they're not welded together by a
very skilled welder they could crack
whereas cast manifolds are usually
cheaper and much more reliable they're
almost bulletproof but they're heavy and
they don't flow as good as a good
tubular manifold and they're not as
bougie
so next is the downpipe this connects
the turbine outlet to the rest of the
exhaust system
usually you can get the exhaust manifold
and the downpipe as a kit
which really makes things easier but you
can also have it fabricated at an
exhaust shop now your turbo is
physically connected to the engine both
from the cold side and the hot side
next you need to sort out your oiling to
keep your turbo lubricated
oil is the lifeblood of a turbo in fact
most turbo failures are due to some sort
of oiling issue you'll need an oil
feed line that goes from your engine to
your turbo usually from an unused galley
or some other source of good oil
pressure but keep in mind the oil
pressure you're getting from your engine
block could be too high for the turbo
that's why in most applications you want
to somehow regulate that oil pressure
this could be as simple as a restrictor
or you might need a full-on
oil pressure regulator it all depends on
the turbo you're going with and your car
the return line is pretty simple it just
dumps the oil back in your oil pan
and for the lines stainless steel
braided lines will do you just fine now
you'll need
coolant lines to keep the turbo cool you
can just use any universal tubing for
the cooling lines
silicone or even rubber would work and
just like oil there's usually a feed
and return line next is a blow-off valve
i've already talked about blow-off
valves it prevents compressor surge
which could potentially damage your
turbo and it sits somewhere in between
your turbo and the throttle body on the
charge pipe
now if your turbo came with an internal
recirculating valve
you do not need a blow-off valve next
you'll need to sort out your fueling
because the more air you force into your
cylinder the more fuel you'll need to
burn
to make power how much more fuel it
really depends on the turbo
the engine and your power goals you
might have to upgrade everything from
fuel injectors
fuel rail or even fuel pump next thing
you're going to need is a boost gauge
you want to be able to monitor the
amount of boost pressure your turbo is
making it gets the boost pressure
reading from your intake manifold
using a vacuum line next is the afr
gauge and a wideband o2 sensor the afr
gauge
or the air fuel ratio gauge and the o2
sensor usually come together as a
package
usually the o2 sensor sits in your
exhaust pipe and by sensing the amount
of oxygen in your exhaust gases the
gauge calculates your air-to-fuel ratio
now remember your car
already has an o2 sensor but in most
cases the stock o2 sensor is a
narrowband o2 sensor it tells your ecu
whether your engine is running rich
or lean it's like one or zero whereas a
wideband o2 sensor gives you a full
ratio
which is really key when you're tuning
the car which sets me up
nicely for my next point tuning a good
professional tuner will
safely tune your ecu to make the maximum
amount of reliable power
reliable being the key word here by fine
tuning variables like spark timing
fueling and boost pressure across the
entire rpm brand and load
this step can literally make or break
your build so make sure you take it to a
professional and have it tuned on a dyno
not some kid you found on facebook
sits in your car with his laptop you're
doing pulls on public roads you're not
going to get the full potential that way
that's if
your engine survives it so that's it now
you should have a good sense of what you
need to put your own turbo kit together
now remember you can just go out and buy
turbo kits some of these kits
sometimes cover everything from nuts and
bolts to the turbo itself or you can get
partial kits that have some of the key
components
except the turbo ultimately you could
get a kit that just covers the hot side
basically just the exhaust manifold and
the downpipe and these are the ones that
i actually prefer the more stuff the kit
contains
the more expensive it's going to be in
most cases you'll save money by putting
your own kit together and you usually
end up with a higher quality build
because you get to pick and choose what
you want but if this is your first
ever turbo install go with the complete
kit they are by
far the easiest ones to install just
look into their quality make sure they
come with a good
turbo and like i said before the turbo
is actually the most important part and
that's exactly what i'm going to be
talking about next
on the next episode i'll be giving you a
step by step
on how to choose the right turbo for
your car
with all the calculations and stuff like
this is gonna be a super boring video so
make sure you subscribe so you don't
miss that boring episode
thanks for watching see you next week
[Music]
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