How Putin’s propaganda harms the West
Summary
TLDREste video revela el impacto sorprendentemente efectivo de la propaganda rusa en Occidente. La propaganda rusa busca despolitizar a las personas y fomentar la inacción política, generando desconfianza en la verdad y fomentando la incoherencia y la saturación informativa. El objetivo es hacer ingobernables las democracias occidentales exacerbando las divisiones internas. Para contrarrestar esto, es crucial reconocer y desafiar esta propaganda sin perder la calma, centrarse en resolver problemas domésticos y fortalecer nuestras democracias mediante reformas y promoción del bien público.
Takeaways
- 🎯 La propaganda rusa busca despolitizar a las personas y fomentar la inacción política.
- 🤯 A diferencia de la propaganda soviética, la propaganda rusa es post-verdad y se enfoca en sembrar dudas sobre la verdad.
- 🌀 La propaganda rusa utiliza volúmenes altos de mensajes inconsistentes para confundir y saturar.
- 💡 La propaganda rusa explota las motivaciones internas de las personas en lugar de intentar cambiar sus ideologías.
- 🏛️ El objetivo de la propaganda rusa es hacer que las democracias occidentales sean ingobernables exacerbando sus divisiones internas.
- 🔄 Desde la invasión de Ucrania, la propaganda rusa ha combinado la propaganda de post-verdad con la de realidad alterna.
- 🌍 La propaganda rusa es un problema orgánico y se exacerba por la fragmentación social, los medios sociales y la falta de solidaridad.
- ⚖️ Es crucial distinguir entre las crisis democráticas internas y la interferencia extranjera para evitar respuestas autodestructivas.
- 🛡️ Enfrentar la propaganda rusa requiere fortalecer nuestras democracias a través de reformas electorales, justicia social y acción contra la polarización.
- 🌐 Debemos ser proactivos en la guerra de información, institucionalizando un desafío informativo contra el Kremlin en todos los niveles.
Q & A
¿Cuál es el principal objetivo de la propaganda rusa según el video?
-El principal objetivo de la propaganda rusa es despolitizar a las personas y hacer que las democracias occidentales sean ingobernables, fomentando la apatía política y la duda sobre la verdad.
¿En qué se diferencia la propaganda rusa de la propaganda soviética?
-La propaganda soviética buscaba crear una realidad alternativa coherente, mientras que la propaganda rusa moderna es post-verdad, diseñada para fomentar la inacción y la desconfianza en la posibilidad de conocer la verdad.
¿Cuáles son los cuatro pilares centrales de la propaganda rusa según el video?
-Los cuatro pilares centrales son: la duda sobre la verdad misma, la falta de consistencia en los mensajes, la saturación de volumen con múltiples posiciones incompatibles, y la internalidad motivacional, que manipula las motivaciones ya existentes de las personas.
¿Cómo la propaganda rusa busca despolitizar a las personas?
-Busca despolitizar a las personas convenciendo de que participar en política es una mala idea y fomentando la creencia de que es imposible saber qué es verdad, lo que lleva a la apatía política.
¿Qué cambio ha ocurrido en la propaganda rusa desde la invasión a gran escala de Ucrania?
-Desde la invasión a gran escala de Ucrania, la propaganda rusa ha vuelto en un 20-30% a la propaganda de realidad alternativa soviética, mientras que el resto sigue siendo propaganda post-verdad.
¿Cuál es el mayor daño que la propaganda rusa busca causar en las democracias occidentales?
-El mayor daño es provocar una respuesta autodestructiva en las democracias occidentales, haciendo que el pánico y la reacción exagerada al respecto de la propaganda rusa causen más daño que la propaganda misma.
¿Cómo la propaganda rusa se aprovecha de los sentimientos de los ciudadanos occidentales?
-La propaganda rusa se aprovecha de sentimientos como la inseguridad, la impotencia, la traición y la opacidad para fomentar la desconfianza y la apatía hacia las instituciones políticas.
¿Cuál es la diferencia entre los emprendedores políticos y los populistas post-verdad según el video?
-Los emprendedores políticos buscan el avance personal incluso a costa de romper el juego democrático, mientras que los populistas post-verdad no solo mienten, sino que renuncian a la coherencia interna de sus mentiras, difuminando la diferencia entre la verdad y la mentira.
¿Qué recomienda el video hacer para contrarrestar la propaganda rusa?
-El video recomienda no ceder a la narrativa del Kremlin, no descontextualizar lo que dicen otros ciudadanos o expertos, y centrarse en solucionar los problemas domésticos que la propaganda rusa intenta exacerbar.
¿Por qué es importante no confundir el volumen de interferencia rusa con su eficacia?
-Es importante porque intentar no es lo mismo que tener éxito. La intervención de Rusia en las elecciones de 2016 en Estados Unidos fue notable por su incompetencia, y enfocarse en las causas domésticas de nuestros problemas nos hace más resilientes a la propaganda del Kremlin.
Outlines
🔍 El impacto de la propaganda rusa en Occidente
Este video explora el impacto sorprendentemente efectivo de la propaganda rusa en las democracias occidentales. Se diferencia entre la propaganda rusa y la soviética, destacando que la propaganda rusa moderna es postverdad, diseñada para fomentar la inacción política. Se detallan los cuatro pilares de la propaganda de Putin: la duda sobre la verdad, la inconsistencia, la saturación de mensajes y la manipulación de las motivaciones personales.
🌐 Propaganda rusa: una enfermedad política global
La propaganda rusa no es solo una herramienta del Kremlin, sino una enfermedad política orgánica que afecta a todo el mundo. La política occidental enfrenta nuevos tipos de políticos: el emprendedor político y el populista postverdad. Estos últimos no solo mienten, sino que erosionan la diferencia entre verdad y mentira. La crisis de confianza en las instituciones políticas se ve exacerbada por varios factores, incluidos los efectos desinhibidores de las redes sociales y las ideologías de autorrealización.
🌀 El daño autoinfligido por la propaganda rusa
El mayor daño de la propaganda rusa es que busca desencadenar una respuesta autodestructiva en las democracias occidentales. Si nos obsesionamos con la interferencia rusa, podríamos causar más daño del que la interferencia misma provoca. La propaganda del Kremlin se beneficia si confundimos los problemas internos con la interferencia externa y dejamos de participar en la regeneración democrática.
🗳️ Putin, Trump y las elecciones de 2024
La posición del Kremlin respecto a las elecciones estadounidenses de 2024 ha cambiado. Ahora prefieren que Trump gane, ya que creen que él fomentará la ingobernabilidad y debilitará el apoyo a Ucrania. Sin embargo, no están completamente optimistas debido a las decepciones de su primer mandato. Se concluye que para contrarrestar la propaganda rusa, debemos fortalecer nuestras democracias mediante reformas y una mayor participación ciudadana.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Propaganda
💡Postverdad
💡Despolitización
💡Pilares de la propaganda
💡Incoherencia
💡Saturación de volumen
💡Internalidad motivacional
💡Ungobernabilidad
💡Colapso de la seriedad
💡Populismo postverdad
Highlights
The video reveals the unreasonably effective impact of Russian propaganda in the West.
Russian propaganda aims to make democracies ungovernable by fostering depoliticization.
The distinction between Soviet and Russian propaganda: Soviet propaganda created an alternate reality, while Russian propaganda promotes post-truth and inaction.
Russian propaganda tries to instill two minimal political opinions: politics is foolish, and the truth is unknowable.
The four central pillars of Russian propaganda are: doubt about truth, inconsistency, saturation, and motivational internality.
Russian propaganda converts the human thirst for truth into resistance to accepting anything as true.
It uses inconsistency to spread multiple conflicting messages about events, creating confusion.
Saturation involves flooding the media with numerous incompatible narratives.
Motivational internality manipulates existing motivations and ideologies rather than changing them.
Since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Russian propaganda has shifted to include Soviet-style alternate reality propaganda for Russians.
Russian propaganda is an organic political disease, not just a Kremlin tool, and is amplified by the collapse of seriousness in Western politics.
Post-truth populists and political entrepreneurs in the West exacerbate the effects of Russian propaganda.
The Kremlin's aim is to make Western societies ungovernable by exploiting and exacerbating existing divisions.
Freaking out about Russian interference can do more harm than the interference itself, as it triggers self-destructive responses.
To counter Russian propaganda, Western democracies need to focus on domestic renewal and not overreact to external threats.
Transcripts
in this video we will reveal the
unreasonably effective impact of Russian
propaganda in the west the impact of
Russian propaganda on you and me and our
democracies will bring out the biggest
impact of Russian propaganda most people
do not grasp and the cost of us not
understanding what that is we'll talk
about how Russian propaganda tries to
make our democracies
ungovernable and about how Western
politicians sometimes seem to borrow
techniques from Russian propaganda but
before that we've got to make sure that
we're all at least baby experts in
propaganda so we got to go to baby
propaganda class and start by
distinguishing Russian propaganda from
Soviet
propaganda I grew up in the ussar and
there the propaganda you got was
alternate reality propaganda my school
told me to love Lenin more than my
parents this was falsehood pedal atud
designed to persuade you of a coherent
alternate picture of reality this is
very different to Russian propaganda
Russian propaganda is not alternate
reality propaganda Russian propaganda is
posttruth propaganda it's designed to
persuade you not into an opinion but
into inaction into not doing politics
Russian propaganda asks you to not have
political opinions but it wants you to
have two minimal opinions about
political iCal opinions first
participating in politics is a bad idea
only a fool does that private freedom is
good but public freedom is for idiots
this is an extreme project of
depoliticization the second opinion is a
back of the napkin theory of Truth which
says who knows what if anything is true
which is of course a self-refuting
position to understand this more deeply
let's look at what I take to be the four
Central pillars of Russian putini
propaganda the first pillar of Putin's
propaganda is doubt about truth itself
here we get to the heart of how this
propaganda works it wants to convert The
Thirst each human has for truth into
resistance to accepting that anything is
true it exploits your desire not to get
duped by politics to get you to doubt
everything about politics and eventually
doubt the very possibility of acquiring
Tru ful beliefs about politics at all to
apply this pillar to a terrible thing
Russia does in Ukraine their defense
won't be this isn't true we didn't do it
but nobody can really know what's true
the second pillar of Russian propaganda
is foregoing of consistency about a
terrible thing in Ukraine the Kremlin
might pedal two incompatible messages it
didn't happen and it happened but
somebody else did it the third pillar of
Russian propaganda is set saturation
volume flooding about a terrible thing
done in Ukraine this might mean not
taking two but eight incompatible
positions it didn't happen somebody else
did it it was staged we did it but we
were forced to Ukraine did it NATO did
it the planet Saturn did it the planet
Saturn didn't do it but its rings did
the fourth pillar of Russian propaganda
is motivational internality think of
this as the maxim that a person is only
going to be motivated by what already
motivates them unlike Soviet propaganda
Russian propaganda doesn't want to put
into your head something that isn't
already there it wants to start with
what already motivates you and then
manipulate that it's not trying to
change your ideology it's helping you
spin out of control via your own
ideological logic interfering in our
democracies the kremlin's aim is not to
take sides in our politics but to make
our political systems
ungovernable by exacerbating what
already divides us ungovernability is
the aim at this point we need to
recognize that Putin's propaganda has
changed in the way that affects Russians
but doesn't affect us in the west since
the fullscale invasion of Ukraine
Russian propaganda has moved 20 or 30%
back to Soviet style alternate reality
propaganda the content of this
propaganda isn't Soviet after all the
Soviet Union was a distorted hardle
regime and Putin's regime is a fascisti
hard right tyranny but the form is
Soviet it is alternate reality
propaganda 70% of the time the Kremlin
now tells Russians believe nothing and
nobody not even us 30% of the time it
now says do believe us after all we have
an ideology to sell you this is
happening because Russia is a fasis zed
regime without a fasis ised population
the regime knows that this disbalance is
unsustainable but it doesn't know how to
change it when to change it and whether
changing is something that it can
control to sum up for us it's posttruth
propaganda for Russians It's a
combination of posttruth propaganda and
alternate reality propaganda before we
get to the biggest harm that Russian
propaganda does that most people don't
understand we have to spend some time
think thinking about the word organic
Russian propaganda isn't just a tool of
the Kremlin it's a species of an organic
political disease circulating around the
world with a collapse of seriousness in
Western politics we increasingly see two
new breeds of politician here at home
the political entrepreneur and more
destructively the posttruth populist the
political entrepreneur serves the
political landscape for personal
advancement then on out to positively
break the Democratic game but if that is
the consequence of self- advancement so
be it these politicians are frequently
Liars they see politics in purely
instrumental terms and they justify the
social harm their very presence in
politics do by appealing to the language
of personal self-realization and the
pursuit of authenticity post truth
populists are different from political
entrepreneurs because they are not Liars
Liars obscure particular truths
post-truth populists obscure the
difference between truth and lies itself
politicians have always lied but what's
different about post-truth populists
isn't that they lie but they have
consciously given up on trying to make
their lies internally consistent
post-truth politics is not politicians
lying post-truth politics is a kind of
co- conspiracy between politician and
citizen in which both parties half agree
that truth doesn't matter matter
post-truth populists flourish where
citizens experience what I call the four
big feelings of distrust here they are
from least to most worrying one is
feeling unsafe which goes with the
thought that your political institutions
are incompetent you are in unsafe hands
the second is feeling powerless this
goes with the thought that there is
nothing you can do to inflect the
political process you reach out to touch
politics but you can't touch it the
third is feeling betrayed which goes
with the thought that your political
institutions prioritize others over you
thereby making them evil and fourth we
have the worst feeling the feeling of
opacity which goes with the thought that
you can no longer see politics your
political institutions no longer make
sense this is a lapse into magical
thinking which makes you not mind if
your political institutions get
destroyed because they don't makes sense
anyway the causes of this crisis range
from one the untethering of communal
Bonds in our societies to the
disinhibiting and atomizing effect of
social media three mechanisms of
exclusion and four ideologies of
self-realization which give up on
solidarity and the public good
everything we've described is organic in
the sense that it would still be
happening if the malign actors
interfering in our democracies vanished
off the face of the Earth but they
haven't vanished they're trying to
exploit and exacerbate our Democratic
incapacity for their purposes we want
them to lose but at the moment we might
be losing it's now that we come to the
biggest harm Russian propaganda does
that most people do not
recognize the harm Russian propaganda
seeks to do to Western democracies is
DIY harm Russian propaganda is
unreasonably effective because because
it seeks to trigger a self-destructive
response on our part which if we want to
save our democracies we've got to stop
they want us to freak out about their
interference so dramatically that our
freak out about the interference does
more harm than the interference itself
the Kremlin wants the architects of the
damage to our democracies to be not just
people who parrot Russian propaganda but
you and me people who might lose their
cool because they're worried about
Russian propaganda and interference the
Kremlin wins if we lose our capacity to
tell apart homegrown Democratic crisis
from malign foreign interference and the
Kremlin wins more if we lose not just
that capacity but our capacity to engage
in Democratic regeneration because we
think our problems are externally caused
a product of malign foreign interference
and therefore do not need a fix the
Kremlin wins if we lapse into magical
thinking and ourselves become conspiracy
theorists by taking problem s that are
95% homegrown and 5% Kremlin exaggerated
and seeing them as 5% homegrown and 95%
Kremlin caused without evidence because
like a conspiracy theorist we think that
the evidence that really matters is
evidence that is not visible to the
eye now we need to make a comment about
Trump and Putin's position on the 2024
us election because it has changed since
2016 the power play between the two
alpha males was more mut in 2016 the
crimin didn't necessarily want Trump to
win they themselves fell for the
mainstream illusion that Trump couldn't
win they backed him as a disruptor
hoping for a more divided USA and a
weakened Hillary but in 2024 they want
Trump to win because they believe he is
their best bet for ungovernability and
weakness on Ukraine the Kremlin do feel
burned by Trump they think that in his
first term he failed to generate an
elite around him and got coopted in to
policies that the Kremlin thinks were
tough on Russia so their preference for
Trump is clear but not
euphoric what do we do about all of this
we don't have 4 hours so this is what I
want to say to you as a fellow Western
citizen as a political philosopher and
as a minor public intellectual number
one let's not be taka Carlson let's not
buy Kremlin siren songs about how
they're offering a civilizational
alternative to a DEC West when they say
this it's a blend of political
technology and mystical obscurantism
Russia doesn't offer a trer alternative
of conservative values in fact its main
fault is that it is a hellscape of hyp
neoliberal values Russia does not offer
an anti-colonial alternative to us
hemony if you're worried about us
imperialism you should be worried about
Russian imperialism more because it has
nothing to offer except violence and a
mystical vision of of Russia's
self-propulsion at the expense of the
world number two let's not allow the
Kremlin to dictate the terms of debate
in the west one way of helping the
Kremlin is to seed to them conceptual
ground the Kremlin wants supporters of
Ukraine to accuse each other of being
Russian sympathizers so if you support
Ukraine but you're going around calling
everything you disagree with a Russian
narrative you may be helping Russian
propaganda number three let's not
decontextualize what fellow citizens or
experts or politicians say when academic
Smith says we need a better strategy
because Russia is strong don't be
activist Jones who comes along and says
Smith is a Russian bootlicker what Jones
does is disgraceful they
decontextualized Smith and
recontextualized him in a context that
was never there instead trust that you
win by thinking freely and being
truthful more than you win by winning
number four Let's Not freak out about
our domestic problems it's in part as a
counter to Russian propaganda that I
repeatedly say that our democracies are
heading out of the bay into open ocean
but that they will not sink the Kremlin
narrative that our democracies are not
real and that they will collapse is not
just the kremlin's judgment and the
kremlin's tactic it's the kremlin's
theory of victory over us their Dogma is
that we will do most of the work
ourselves they expect polarized Western
societies to dig their own Graves until
Putin's push to dissolve NATO by
exposing Article 5 Need No More Than A
nudge number five let's not confuse the
volume of Russian interference with
efficacy trying is not succeeding
Russia's intervention in the 2016 US
election was distinctive for being
incompetent number six focusing on the
domestic causes of our troubles which
the Kremlin seeks to exacerbate makes us
more resilient to Kremlin propaganda the
Kremlin wins if we become ungovernable
the Kremlin loses if we renew our
democracies by reforming electoral
systems by reforming political parties
by bringing politics closer to citizens
in their communities by tackling
inequality by putting solidarity in the
public good and not identity politics at
the center of our social justice agenda
by taking action on the crisis of
Civility and atomization that social
media causes this homework immunizes us
from Russian propaganda and allows us to
recognize Russian interference without
freaking out about it as we recognize
Kremlin propaganda for what it is we
need to challenge it there is an
information war going on and we need to
play it offensively and not just
defensively we have to fund and better
institutionalize a proactive
informational challenge to the Kremlin
at home abroad and on the Russian space
it is a problem that the Kremlin are
trying to politicize our space but we
are not trying or even thinking much
about politicizing theirs a key theme of
this talk has been the sense of
political responsibility of an effective
citizen thinking about political
responsibility is crucial for us to
understand that notion more watch this
video next provocatively titled why all
Russians are responsible for Putin's War
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
Taras Zhovtenko - Unpacking the Authoritarian Toolkit of Propaganda that Russia Exports to the World
Peter Pomerantsev - Imperial Ambition, Autocracy and the Compulsion to Humiliate Drives Russia's War
Publicidad y Propaganda - Conceptos y Diferencias.
Peter Pomerantsev - Lessons from WWII in Fighting Propaganda Using Black Disinformation Techniques.
#ArielExplica - La Crisis de la Democracia
Russia's scary INFO WAR on West (VLAD REACTS to Ian Garner)
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