Iklim Junghuhn - Klasifikasi Iklim

HaRs GeoStudios

30 Mar 202105:29

Summary

TLDRThis educational video explores the classification of world climates, focusing on the system developed by German-Dutch scientist Zulham Jonghun. The video explains how Jonghun categorized climates into four zones based on altitude and suitable crops: the hot zone (0-600m) with crops like coconut and rubber; the moderate zone (600-1500m) for tea, strawberries, and coffee; the cool zone (1500-2000m) for vegetables and industrial plants; and the cold zone (above 2500m) where only moss and ferns can survive. The video encourages viewers to subscribe for more geographical knowledge.

Takeaways

🌍 The video discusses the classification of world climates, specifically focusing on the 'junghuhn' climate classification.
👤 Zulham Jonghun, a German-Dutch naturalist, botanist, geologist, and author, is highlighted for his significant contributions to the study of Java and Sumatra.
📚 Jonghun's main work, 'Pulau Jawa', is mentioned, which details the island of Java's geography, geology, and botany in three volumes published between 1852 and 1854.
🌡 Climate classification is based on weather characteristics, considering rain, temperature, and wind or humidity conditions.
🏞 Jonghun's climate classification is based on altitude and the types of crops that can be cultivated at specific heights.
🔢 The climates are divided into four zones: hot, moderate, cool, and cold, each with distinct altitude ranges and temperature characteristics.
🌾 In the hot climate zone (0-600 meters above sea level), crops like coconut, rubber, sugarcane, rice, corn, and tobacco are cultivated, commonly found in Sumatra and Sulawesi.
🍵 The moderate climate zone (600-1500 meters) is cooler and suitable for crops such as tea, strawberries, cabbage, soybeans, tomatoes, coffee, and lettuce, which are essential food sources for local communities.
🥦 The cool climate zone (1500-2000 meters) has a temperature range of 11-17°C and is suitable for vegetables, forest plants, and certain types of coffee and tea.
❄️ The cold climate zone (above 2500 meters) has the lowest temperatures, ranging from 6-11°C, where only moss and ferns can survive.
📝 The video script encourages viewers to subscribe, activate notifications, and provide feedback in the form of comments for future content improvement.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video script?
-The main topic discussed in the video script is the classification of world climates, specifically the 'junghuhn' climate classification.
Who is Zulham Jonghun and what is his significance in the script?
-Zulham Jonghun, also known as Junghuhn, was a German-Dutch naturalist, botanist, geologist, and author. He is significant in the script as the creator of the climate classification system discussed.
What were Junghuhn's main areas of research during his lifetime?
-Junghuhn dedicated his research to the study of the island of Java and Sumatra, focusing on fields such as geology, volcanology, botany, and the Batak region in Sumatra.
What is the basis for Junghuhn's climate classification system?
-Junghuhn's climate classification system is based on the altitude of a location and the types of plants that can be cultivated at specific altitudes.
How many climate zones did Junghuhn classify based on altitude?
-Junghuhn classified the climate into four zones based on altitude: hot climate zone, moderate climate zone, cool climate zone, and cold climate zone.
What is the temperature range for the hot climate zone according to the script?
-The hot climate zone, which is at an altitude of 0 to 600 meters above sea level, has a temperature range between 22°C and 26°C.
Which plants are examples of those that can be cultivated in the hot climate zone?
-Examples of plants that can be cultivated in the hot climate zone include coconut, rubber, sugarcane, rice, corn, and tobacco.
What is the temperature range for the moderate climate zone?
-The moderate climate zone, which is at an altitude of 600 to 1500 meters above sea level, has a temperature range between 17°C and 22°C.
What types of plants are suitable for cultivation in the moderate climate zone?
-Plants suitable for cultivation in the moderate climate zone include tea, strawberries, cabbage, soybeans, tomatoes, coffee, and lettuce.
What is the temperature range for the cool climate zone?
-The cool climate zone, which is at an altitude of 1500 to 2000 meters above sea level, has a temperature range between 11°C and 17°C.
What types of plants can be cultivated in the cool climate zone?
-In the cool climate zone, plants such as various vegetables, forest trees, industrial crops like coffee and tea, and cinchona (for quinine) can be cultivated.
What is the temperature range for the cold climate zone?
-The cold climate zone, which is at an altitude higher than 2500 meters above sea level, has a temperature range between 6°C and 11°C.
Are there any plants that can be cultivated in the cold climate zone according to the script?
-According to the script, there are no plants that can be cultivated in the cold climate zone. The only organisms that can survive are mosses and lichens.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Introduction to Junghuhn's Climate Classification

This paragraph introduces the channel and its focus on geographical knowledge, education, and earth sciences. It mentions the importance of subscribing, activating notifications, and providing feedback for future content. The main topic discussed is the classification of the world's climates, specifically the 'junghuhn' climate classification system. The paragraph also provides a brief biography of Zulham Jonghun, a German naturalist, botanist, geologist, and author, who dedicated his research to the islands of Java and Sumatra. His work in geology, volcanology, botany, and the Batak region in Sumatra is highlighted, along with his membership in the Royal Institute for the Land and People of the East Indies. The paragraph concludes with an overview of the climate classification system based on altitude, temperature, and vegetation, dividing climates into four zones: hot, temperate, cool, and cold.

05:01

🌱 Summary of Climate Zones and Suitable Crops

This paragraph delves into the specifics of the four climate zones as defined by Junghuhn, detailing the altitude, temperature range, and types of crops that can be cultivated in each. The hot climate zone, ranging from sea level to 600 meters, has a temperature between 22°C to 26°C and is suitable for crops like rubber, sugarcane, rice, corn, and tobacco. The temperate zone, from 600 to 1500 meters, is cooler with temperatures between 17°C to 22°C, and is ideal for crops such as tea, strawberries, cabbage, tomatoes, coffee, and lettuce. The cool climate zone, from 1500 to 2000 meters, has temperatures between 11°C to 17°C and is suitable for vegetables, industrial plants, coffee, tea, and quinine. The cold climate zone, above 2500 meters, has temperatures ranging from 6°C to 11°C and is not suitable for agricultural cultivation, with only moss and ferns being able to survive. The paragraph ends with a thank you note to the viewers and a reminder to support the channel through subscriptions, likes, shares, and comments.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Geography

Geography is the study of the Earth's landscapes, peoples, places, and environments. It is central to the video's theme as it discusses the classification of climates around the world, which is a fundamental aspect of geographical knowledge. The script mentions 'kegeografian' which is Indonesian for 'geography,' indicating the educational purpose of the channel.

💡Climate Classification

Climate classification is a system used to categorize regions of the world based on their climatic characteristics. The video focuses on this concept by discussing the 'iklim junghuhn,' which refers to the classification system developed by the German-Dutch scientist Zulham Jonghun, based on altitude and the types of crops that can be cultivated at certain elevations.

💡Zulham Jonghun

Zulham Jonghun, also known as Junghuhn, was a German-Dutch naturalist, doctor, botanist, geologist, and author. His work is significant to the video as he is the developer of the climate classification system being discussed. The script provides a brief history of his life and contributions to the fields of geology, volcanology, botany, and his research on the island of Java and Sumatra.

💡Altitude

Altitude refers to the height of a location above sea level. In the context of the video, altitude is a key factor in Junghuhn's climate classification system. Different zones are defined by specific altitude ranges, such as the 'zona iklim panas' (hot climate zone) from sea level to 600 meters, which influences the types of plants that can be grown in these areas.

💡Crops

Crops are plants that are grown and harvested for food, fiber, or other purposes. The video script mentions various crops as examples of what can be cultivated in different climate zones, such as coconut, rubber, sugarcane, rice, and tobacco in the hot climate zone, and tea, strawberries, soybeans, tomatoes, coffee, and lettuce in the moderate climate zone.

💡Temperature Ranges

Temperature ranges are the typical minimum and maximum temperatures in a given climate zone. The video provides specific temperature ranges for each of Junghuhn's climate zones, which helps to define the characteristics of each zone and the types of agriculture that can be practiced there.

💡Humidity

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. The script mentions that the hot climate zone often experiences soil drought, requiring cooler air, which implies that humidity plays a role in the classification of climates and the types of crops that can be grown.

💡Plantation

A plantation is a large-scale agricultural estate used for the cultivation of a single crop. The video script uses the term 'tanaman' which can be translated as 'plants' or 'crops,' and discusses the types of plantations that can be found in the different climate zones classified by Junghuhn.

💡Volcanology

Volcanology is the study of volcanoes, their eruptions, and the materials they produce. The video mentions Junghuhn's work in volcanology, indicating his broad scientific interests and contributions to the understanding of the geological features of Java and Sumatra.

💡Batak Region

The Batak region refers to an area in Sumatra where Junghuhn conducted research. The script indicates that his studies encompassed not only the natural sciences but also the cultural aspects of the regions he visited, such as the Batak people's land.

💡Royal Institute

The Royal Institute refers to an institution that Junghuhn was a member of, specifically the 'Koninklijk Instituut voor De Tol, Land en Volkenkunde' in the script, which is related to the study of colonial territories, lands, and people. This membership highlights his involvement in the scientific community of his time.

Highlights

Introduction to the channel and its focus on geography, education, and earth sciences.

Emphasis on subscribing and activating notifications for updates on geographical knowledge.

Discussion on the classification of world climates, specifically the 'junghuhn' climate.

Biographical information about Zulham Jonghun, a German-Dutch naturalist, botanist, geologist, and author.

Jonghun's significant contributions to the study of Java and Sumatra in the fields of geology, volcanology, botany, and Batak region.

Jonghun's membership in the Royal Institute for the Tropics, indicating his recognition in the scientific community.

Explanation of climate classification based on weather characteristics, including rain, temperature, and humidity.

Jonghun's climate classification system divided into four zones based on altitude and cultivatable plants.

Description of the 'hot climate zone' at altitudes from 0 to 600 meters with temperatures ranging from 22°C to 26°C.

Crops suitable for cultivation in the hot climate zone, such as coconut, rubber, sugarcane, rice, corn, and tobacco.

The 'moderate climate zone' at 600 to 1500 meters, with temperatures between 17°C and 22°C, and its agricultural significance.

Crops that can be grown in the moderate climate zone, including tea, strawberries, soybeans, tomatoes, coffee, and lettuce.

The 'cool climate zone' between 1500 and 2000 meters with temperatures from 11°C to 17°C.

Plants suitable for the cool climate zone, such as vegetables, forest plants, industrial crops, coffee, tea, and quinine.

The 'cold climate zone' above 2500 meters with temperatures ranging from 6°C to 11°C, and the types of plants that can survive.

Moss and ferns as the only plants that can thrive in the cold climate zone.

Conclusion and call to action for viewers to support the channel through subscriptions, likes, shares, and comments.