New Study Shows The Impact of Diet on Prostate Cancer | Mark Scholz, MD | PCRI
Summary
TLDRIn a recent study published in the European Journal of Urology, a 20-year follow-up of 12,000 men revealed that a healthy lifestyle had no impact on the incidence of prostate cancer but significantly reduced mortality rates, especially in those with a genetic predisposition. The study emphasized the importance of avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, and consuming more fish and tomato-based products while limiting processed meats. Dr. Scholes suggests that a rigorous vegetarian diet may have the most substantial impact on reducing prostate cancer mortality, with Mediterranean diets offering moderate benefits.
Takeaways
- 📚 A recent study published in the European Journal of Urology in May 2022 followed 12,000 men over 20 years to examine the impact of lifestyle factors on prostate cancer incidence and mortality.
- 🔍 The study evaluated six lifestyle factors: smoking, exercise, weight, consumption of processed meats, fish, and tomato-based products, assigning a 'lifestyle score' based on these behaviors.
- 🏥 Despite a healthy lifestyle, the incidence of prostate cancer was not affected, with the same number of men developing the disease regardless of their lifestyle habits.
- ⚠️ Mortality rates from prostate cancer were significantly higher for those with poor lifestyle habits, with healthier individuals having much lower death rates from the disease.
- 🧬 The study showed that even with a genetic predisposition to aggressive prostate cancer, a good lifestyle could drastically reduce the risk of death from the disease.
- 🥦 Protective factors identified in the study included a diet rich in fish and tomato-based products, which may have a positive impact on prostate health.
- 🚫 Unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking, lack of exercise, being overweight, and consuming processed meats, were linked to a higher risk of dying from prostate cancer.
- 🍳 The script suggests that even moderate consumption of animal proteins, like eggs, could be part of a balanced diet, as long as it's not the primary focus.
- 📉 Some anecdotal evidence from the script indicates that a switch to a vegetarian diet can lead to changes or stabilization in PSA levels in men with recurring prostate cancer.
- 🥗 For patients with aggressive or metastatic prostate cancer, a more rigorous commitment to a vegetarian or macrobiotic diet may have a significant impact on reducing mortality rates.
- 💪 The importance of maintaining muscle mass and strength through resistance training was highlighted, as it can help prevent the frailty associated with aging and has additional health benefits.
Q & A
What was the main focus of the study published in the European Journal of Urology in May 2022?
-The study focused on the long-term impact of lifestyle factors on the incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer among 12,000 participants over a period of 20 to 25 years.
What were the six lifestyle factors assessed in the study?
-The six factors assessed were smoking, exercise habits, body weight, consumption of processed meat, intake of fish products, and tomato-based products.
Did the study find a correlation between lifestyle and the incidence of prostate cancer?
-The study found no impact of lifestyle on the incidence of prostate cancer; the same number of men with both poor and healthy lifestyles developed the disease.
How did a healthy lifestyle impact mortality rates in the study?
-A healthy lifestyle had a significant impact on mortality rates, with those following a poor lifestyle having two to four times higher mortality rates from prostate cancer.
What is the significance of the study's findings regarding genetic predisposition and lifestyle?
-The study showed that individuals with a genetic predisposition to aggressive prostate cancer could significantly reduce their risk of dying from the disease by adopting a healthy lifestyle.
What dietary factors were identified as protective against prostate cancer in the study?
-Dietary factors that were protective included a higher intake of fish and tomato-based products, which are more plant-based and vegetable-rich.
Why might processed meats and animal proteins be harmful in the context of prostate cancer?
-While not specifically addressed in the article, the theory is that prostate cancer cells may grow more vigorously with the intake of animal fats and proteins, suggesting a different metabolic process compared to other cancers.
Can a vegetarian diet potentially influence PSA levels in men with prostate cancer?
-Anecdotal evidence from the script suggests that implementing a rigorous vegetarian diet can lead to changes in the rate of rise or stabilization of PSA levels, especially in men with recurring cancer after surgery.
What dietary recommendations does Dr. Scholes suggest for patients with aggressive prostate cancer?
-Dr. Scholes suggests a more rigorous commitment to a vegetarian or macrobiotic diet for the most significant impact, although a Mediterranean diet may also be beneficial.
How does resistance training benefit prostate cancer patients, especially those on hormone therapy?
-Resistance training helps maintain muscle mass and strength, which can counteract age-related muscle loss, improve metabolic rate, boost well-being, and potentially enhance cognitive functions such as memory.
Can weight loss drugs like Wegovy (Ozempic) be effective for prostate cancer patients on hormone therapy?
-While specific studies on this combination are not mentioned, there is no reason to believe that Wegovy would not be effective for weight loss in patients on hormone therapy, as it works by reducing appetite.
Outlines
📊 Lifestyle and Prostate Cancer Study Insights
This paragraph discusses a significant study published in the European Journal of Urology, which involved 12,000 participants and spanned over 20 years. The study aimed to understand the impact of lifestyle factors on prostate cancer incidence and mortality. It focused on behaviors such as smoking, exercise, weight, and diet, including the consumption of tomato-based products, fish, and processed meats. The results indicated that while lifestyle had no effect on the incidence of prostate cancer, it significantly influenced mortality rates, with a healthy lifestyle reducing the risk of death from prostate cancer, especially among those with a genetic predisposition. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of long-term commitment to healthy behaviors.
🥚 Diet and Prostate Cancer: Eggs and Animal Proteins
In this section, the script explores the role of diet in prostate cancer, specifically addressing the consumption of eggs and animal proteins. It suggests that while a plant-based diet with occasional animal products may not be harmful, a diet primarily consisting of animal protein could be more problematic. The script also touches on the impact of diet on PSA levels, with anecdotal evidence suggesting that a vegetarian diet can slow or stabilize the rise of PSA levels in men post-surgery. The discussion highlights the potential benefits of a vegetarian or Mediterranean diet for prostate cancer patients, especially those with aggressive forms of the disease.
🏋️♂️ Exercise and Weight Management for Prostate Cancer Patients
The final paragraph emphasizes the importance of exercise, particularly resistance training, for prostate cancer patients. It discusses the benefits of maintaining muscle mass and strength to counteract age-related muscle loss, which can lead to falls and instability. The paragraph also mentions the positive effects of exercise on metabolism, fat retention, well-being, and memory. Additionally, it addresses the use of the weight loss drug Wagovi (Ozempic) for patients on hormone therapy, suggesting that it could be beneficial for weight management regardless of their treatment status.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Lifestyle
💡Prostate Cancer
💡Diet
💡Exercise
💡Smoking
💡Overweight
💡Processed Meats
💡Tomato-Based Products
💡Fish Products
💡Mortality Rates
💡Genetic Predisposition
💡Hormone Therapy
Highlights
A study in May 2022 analyzed the lifestyle and diet of 12,000 people over 20 years and its impact on prostate cancer.
The study found no impact of lifestyle on the incidence of catching prostate cancer.
A healthy lifestyle significantly reduced mortality rates in prostate cancer patients.
The study identified six key lifestyle factors: smoking, exercise, weight, tomato-based products, fish, and processed meats.
A poor lifestyle increased mortality rates two to four times in prostate cancer patients.
Genetic predisposition to aggressive prostate cancer can be mitigated by a good lifestyle.
Lifestyle changes validated as a powerful tool to reduce mortality from prostate cancer.
Diets low in animal proteins and fats may slow the growth of prostate cancer cells.
Occasional consumption of eggs or meat in a plant-based diet is not considered harmful.
A rigorous vegetarian diet may have a more significant impact on slowing prostate cancer than a Mediterranean diet.
PSA levels can decline or stabilize with a strict vegetarian diet, suggesting cancer growth may be slowed.
Weight loss through the drug Wagovi (Ozempic) may still be effective for patients on hormone therapy.
Resistance training is recommended for prostate cancer patients to maintain muscle mass and strength.
Lifestyle changes not only reduce prostate cancer mortality but also have a positive impact on other health conditions.
The study emphasizes the importance of a good diet, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight for overall health.
PCRI provides educational resources and videos on prostate cancer for further information.
Transcripts
so today dr scholes we're picking up
questions from uh our youtube comment
section on lifestyle now there are many
questions we get on lifestyle diet
exercise that come to pcri but i
understand that there's a recent study
that came out this year in may of 2022
that 12 000 people took place in the
study and that there's a 12 20 year
follow-up actually of how these people
did covering all of lifestyle within
prostate cancer so what are the results
of this study so it is really difficult
to
ferret out what to believe and not to
believe in terms of
diet and whatnot because people follow a
diet for a while and then they fall off
the wagon and we know that it's the
long-term commitment when we talk about
lifestyle we're talking about the
behaviors that people
implement and then sustain year after
year after year eating smoking exercise
these sorts of things everyone kind of
has this
conviction that these things matter but
how much do they matter and it's hard to
measure these things well
in the article you're referring to that
was published in the european journal of
urology in may of 2022
they had a
large long-term study that went on for
more than 20 years of
men who were filling out questionnaires
about their behaviors i think it was
like every six months or something like
that they would send in questionnaires
and what they were watching for in this
particular article was how many
men caught prostate cancer in the
ensuing 20 years
because they were screened out if they
already had prostate cancer and they
also looked at
how many people died of prostate cancer
during that 20-year period 20 plus year
in some cases they'd fall up to 20 25
years they tested six things
whether you smoked extras how much
exercise you know whether you're
overweight
and
whether you
ate
tomato based products
fish products and processed meats the
more those things you did that were
unhealthy your score
your healthy your lifestyle score got
worse
and
the the better you behaved in those six
departments the
um the better your score was
and uh what they found in the study was
that
the incidence of catching prostate
cancer
based on lifestyle
had no impact at all the same number of
men that behaved badly caught prostate
cancers as the same number of men who
followed a healthy lifestyle caught the
same amount of prostate cancer
but in terms of
dying of prostate cancer the impact of a
healthy lifestyle was rather dramatic i
mean it was like the the mortality rates
were
two to three to four times higher in
people that followed a poor lifestyle
and this kind of follows what we already
know we know that there's an innocuous
form of prostate cancer that's very
prevalent and it doesn't
metastasize and doesn't hurt people
and
that
particular type of cancer doesn't occur
more or less commonly depending on
lifestyle according to the study which
is interesting people that have
not only people who
followed poor lifestyles had higher
mortality rates they interestingly
showed that in people that had a genetic
predisposition towards bad prostate
cancers in other words a family history
and all this sort of thing
that they could
radically reduce their chance of dying
of prostate cancer by following a good
lifestyle so good lifestyle could
reduce the risk of dying of prostate
cancer and good lifestyle could also
reduce the risk of dying of prostate
cancer when you have a genetic
predisposition towards bad prostate
cancers so a lifestyle was
validated resoundingly as a very
important and uh powerful way
to reduce mortality from prostate cancer
so what were the six things uh as we
already enumerated but to just repeat so
smoking
lack of exercise being overweight uh
eating a lot of processed meat products
and
and the things that were protective were
more fish intake and uh tomato based
which i think is more like a vegetable
type diet those things were protective
what is it about processed meats or
animal proteins that tend to be bad for
people when they have prostate cancer so
that isn't addressed in this article but
the theory is based on
other lines of evidence that
unlike
some other cancers which they say don't
eat sugar lung cancers lymphomas
pancreas cancers
respond
to
excess sugar intake prostate cancers
tend to grow more vigorously when
they're given animal fats and proteins
it's just a different metabolic process
so
the theory is is that by depriving the
prostate cancer cells of these rich
nutrients animal
uh proteins and fats that they just
don't grow as well when it comes to eggs
you know we get a lot of questions about
that because people consider it kind of
in the animal family so does that also
count i think it does in
of course all of this is quote in
moderation you know if you have uh
people that are generally eating a uh
plant-based diet and they have some
occasional eggs or some meat or
something like this i don't think that's
particularly deleterious it's where
one's diet is built around these things
and all you're eating is animal protein
you know one of the questions we also
get is does you know diet affect psa so
have you ever seen like a psa decline
because of diet i know this wasn't
addressed in a study but in your own
personal experience have you seen this
happen we certainly have uh the the sort
of a pure form of psa testing in men
that have had previous surgery i'm not a
big fan of surgery as many people know
but it's still popular and there's a lot
of surgery going on
so if cancer comes back after surgery
and the psa is rising uh all of the psa
is coming from the cancer and there's no
background noise from the gland the
prostate gland because it's been
surgically removed on many occasions
i've seen people who
have
had a rising psa at a very
predetermined specific rate
who implement a rigorous uh
vegetarian diet and we see an inflection
point and a change in the rate of rise
or sometimes stabilization of psa so it
is it validates
other lines of evidence that you know
prostate cancer feeds off of animal
protein you know when you're suggesting
diets to your patients do you prefer
like vegetarian versus mediterranean
they're kind of similar but i find that
oftentimes patients particularly like a
structure to follow sometimes maybe we
don't know as much about diet and we
need something to just follow step by
step is there a certain diet that you
prefer well i think
first of all in the men that have the
harmless variance of prostate cancer i
think it's unfair to tell them that
they've got to make a whole lifestyle
change
because
it's it's not an honest representation
of the risk
but for men that have relapse cancers or
metastatic cancers
it appears to me that the more rigorous
the commitment to a vegetarian lifestyle
some people call these radical
vegetarian diets macrobiotic diets those
seem to have the biggest impact
mediterranean diets which i think are
sort of a half measure probably are
beneficial as well but maybe not
won't have the same horsepower that a
full-on vegetarian diet would have so it
sounds like the summary of the study is
that people who kind of have maybe
gleason 6 you know maybe not as
dangerous of cancers this doesn't as
apply to as much but it sounds like the
people who have genetic risks or any
sort of predispositions and then have
those more aggressive cancers it
definitely applies is that correct
definitely the
things that people can do for themselves
when they have the metastatic types of
prostate cancer
when they have relapse cancers are very
substantial we're talking about
mortality rates that were
80 percent lower in the people that
pursued all these lifestyle measures
compared to the ones that uh you know
pursued none of them and even going
halfway you got half of the benefit so
mortality rates reduced by 50 percent in
the people that did half of the
lifestyle measures so
all of this
is telling us the decision to follow
you know good diets
not be overweight exercise regularly it
pays off in reduced mortality rates from
prostate cancer and i think we can
extrapolate this beyond this it's not
like we haven't known this for
cardiovascular disease and other things
so yes we are cutting down the chance of
dying of prostate cancer quite
substantially with good lifestyle but
then there's a spillover effect and for
other cancers and for other illnesses
and and for cardiovascular disease it
makes the impact of these lifestyle
changes even greater you had mentioned
that one of the six factors was being
overweight and so at the conference we
had talked about new weight loss a new
weight loss drug called wagovi that has
come out
and dr
marty miner and dr moya had covered that
at length but one of the questions that
we received you know we have a lot of
patients who have you know some more
advanced prostate cancers and they're on
hormone therapy and so they're kind of
wondering if they want to reduce their
weight would regove still work if
they're on hormone therapy i'm not aware
of any studies specifically addressing
that but there's really no reason to
believe that it wouldn't
the
wagovia otherwise
known as ozempic is another name for the
same thing
seems to have a
very specific
capacity to reduce appetite and allow
people to relatively painlessly lose
weight and so that um is going to be
useful
for people that are on lupron or who are
on hormone therapy or who aren't on
hormone therapy across the board this is
a beneficial thing for anyone that's
overweight and another factor from the
study was talking about you know
lifestyle when it comes to exercise so i
know with hormone therapy patients we
often talk about lifting weights in
order to maintain their strength and
there's all sorts of benefits from that
would you say that weightlifting applies
as an exercise that all prostate cancer
patients should be doing yes because
prostate cancer occurs in the aging and
as we get older as we men get older
we tend to lose muscle with age and we
can compensate for that with resistance
training in other words doing exercises
that make a statement to your muscle
that you're inadequate you should get
bigger
and that helps forestall the the uh the
weakness that comes with aging and
weakness is what uh is part of what we
think of as old people uh people become
more prone to falls and and get more
unsteady on their feet because their
muscles aren't as strong so
uh there's all kinds of benefits to
keeping muscular strength and muscular
mass up
uh it accelerates the metabolic rate
it's easier to keep fat off your body
there's
of course a sense of well-being there's
been
studies showing that it improves memory
which is the
the the bane of people aging uh losing
you know short-term memory loss so all
kinds of marvelous things happen through
fitness and
through resistance training
thanks so much for watching if you would
like more information about prostate
cancer and all sorts of education you
can visit our website pcri.org
and subscribe to our youtube channel we
come out with new prostate cancer
education videos every week
[Music]
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