A Escolha do Calorímetro - teste com diferentes materiais

Summary

In this chemistry experiment, Marcelo Lazzarotto demonstrates how different materials, including a 200-liter thermos, glass, and an aluminum can, function as calorimeters to study heat conservation. He uses a thermometer to track temperature changes as he adds hot water to each container and measures the temperature over time. The experiment shows variations in heat loss between materials, with the thermos performing best. The data is analyzed using graphs and mathematical modeling, revealing exponential trends in temperature decay. Marcelo concludes that the thermos is the most effective calorimeter for this experiment.

Takeaways

• 😀 Marcelo Lazzarotto is conducting an experiment on heat conservation using different materials as calorimeters.
• 😀 The experiment uses a 200-liter thermos, glass, and a can as the three calorimeter materials for comparison.
• 😀 A thermometer is used to monitor temperature changes during the experiment, and a kitchen thermometer is chosen for accurate readings.
• 😀 The experiment begins with the determination of the mass of an empty thermos, followed by acclimatizing it with hot water.
• 😀 200g of hot water is added to the thermos, and time and temperature are measured regularly to track the heat loss over time.
• 😀 Data is recorded every 30 seconds for the first five minutes, then minute by minute up to ten minutes, followed by five-minute intervals.
• 😀 After ten minutes, the temperature in the thermos drops by 1.5°C, while the temperature in a glass container drops by 13.2°C over the same period.
• 😀 The can (a tonic water bottle) was expected to be the best conductor of heat, but its temperature drop after 10 minutes was surprisingly higher than the glass container's.
• 😀 Data from the experiment is used to generate graphs comparing the temperature variations of the different materials over time.
• 😀 The data is modeled using linear and exponential functions to analyze the rate of temperature decay, showing that exponential models better fit the data for glass and the can.
• 😀 Based on the results, the thermos is chosen as the best calorimeter for heat conservation, as it showed the smallest temperature change over time.

Q & A

What is a calorimeter, and how is it used in this experiment?

A calorimeter is an apparatus used to measure the heat generated or absorbed during a chemical reaction or transformation. In this experiment, it is used to observe the heat transfer that occurs in various containers as they lose heat over time.

What materials were used in the experiment to test heat conservation?

The experiment used a 200-liter thermos, a glass container, and a can of tonic water. The thermos and glass container were tested to measure heat loss, and the can was also tested for comparison.

Why was a thermometer used in the experiment, and how was it set up?

The thermometer was used to measure the temperature of the water and the calorimeter's internal temperature. It was inserted into the containers, with a hole made in each container to place the thermometer and measure the heat variations.

What was the significance of using different containers (thermos, glass, and can)?

The purpose of using different containers was to test which material would be the best at conserving heat. The thermos, glass, and can each provided different heat loss behaviors, helping to identify the best heat-retaining material.

How was the experiment structured in terms of time and temperature measurements?

The experiment measured the temperature at various intervals: every 30 seconds for the first five minutes, then every minute up to 10 minutes, and finally every five minutes after 10 minutes. This allowed for a detailed observation of temperature variations over time.

What was the observed temperature drop in the thermos after 10 minutes?

After 10 minutes, the thermos lost 1.5°C in temperature, indicating it retained heat better than the other containers.

What was the heat loss in the glass container after 10 minutes?

The glass container lost 13.2°C in temperature after 10 minutes, showing that glass did not retain heat as efficiently as the thermos.

Why was the can of tonic water considered a surprising material in terms of heat retention?

The can of tonic water was expected to be a better heat conductor and dissipate heat more quickly. However, the data showed that the can actually lost heat more slowly than the glass container.

How were the data from the experiment represented and analyzed?

The data was represented in a table and graph format. The graphs were created using software like Origin, and the temperature vs. time data for the thermos, glass, and can were compared to visualize the differences in heat conservation.

What mathematical models were used to describe the temperature decay, and which one fit best?

The temperature decay was modeled using both linear and exponential functions. The exponential function provided a better fit for the data, particularly for the glass and can, as it accurately described the changes in temperature over time.