Aggregate Planning Menggunakan Aplikasi POM QM for Windows

Summary

In this practical session on aggregate planning, the presenter explains various production strategies and methods used in medium-term planning for product groups. Key concepts like production costs (regular time, overtime, subcontracting), inventory costs, and backorder costs are covered. The session also explores different planning methods, such as production with average demand, backordering, and maintaining regular production capacity. The presenter demonstrates the use of software to implement these planning strategies, illustrating how different methods affect costs and production efficiency. The focus is on effective resource allocation, cost management, and meeting demand requirements within a set timeframe.

Takeaways

• 😀 Aggregate planning is a medium-term production strategy that balances supply and demand over multiple periods (typically 4 months).
• 😀 The KFOF Windows system is used for inputting data and managing aggregate planning in production.
• 😀 Key data required for aggregate planning includes production costs (regular time, overtime, subcontracting), inventory costs, and backorder costs.
• 😀 Backorder costs arise from unmet demand and lost sales, and vary based on company-specific strategies.
• 😀 Labor adjustments are factored into aggregate planning to accommodate the increase or decrease of workforce numbers as needed.
• 😀 Production capacity is categorized into regular time, overtime, and subcontracting, which influence cost and scheduling decisions.
• 😀 Different aggregate planning methods, such as gross and net demand calculations, affect cost outcomes, with net demand being adjusted for inventory levels.
• 😀 The backorder system allows for unmet demand to be addressed in future periods, impacting production planning and cost calculations.
• 😀 The Geun-Suk method emphasizes production based on average demand, while variations like net demand adjust for available inventory.
• 😀 The Constant Regular Time method ensures maximum utilization of regular time before using overtime or subcontracting options.
• 😀 Overall, the five methods discussed—Geun-Suk, net demand, backorder, regular time, and constant regular time—each offer unique approaches to managing production cost and capacity.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The video discusses aggregate planning, specifically focusing on production planning methods, inventory management, and related cost calculations.

What are the key data elements required for aggregate planning?

The key data elements required for aggregate planning include production costs (regular time, overtime, subcontracting), inventory costs, backorder costs, and capacity data (overtime, regular time, subcontracting), along with initial inventory and unit production from the previous period.

What are the five methods for aggregate planning discussed in the video?

The five methods discussed are: production smoothing, regular production with overtime, subcontracting, using lost sales, and constant regular time production.

How does production smoothing differ from other methods?

Production smoothing uses the average demand to determine production levels. It ensures consistent production across periods but does not account for fluctuations in demand beyond average expectations.

What is the difference between gross and net demand in aggregate planning?

Gross demand includes all customer demand, while net demand accounts for the initial inventory, subtracting it from the gross demand to determine the actual required production.

What is the backorder cost, and how does it impact planning?

Backorder cost is the cost incurred when demand cannot be met in a specific period, and orders need to be fulfilled in a future period. This cost affects planning by highlighting the need for extra resources or adjustments to meet future demand.

What does 'lost sales cost' mean, and how is it calculated?

'Lost sales cost' refers to the cost incurred when demand is not met, resulting in a loss of sales. This is calculated by considering the unmet demand that could have been sold if it was available.

How does the regular production method with overtime work?

In the regular production method with overtime, production follows a regular schedule but allows for overtime production to meet additional demand. This method helps manage periods of higher demand without resorting to subcontracting.

What is the role of subcontracting in aggregate planning?

Subcontracting is used when internal production capacity cannot meet demand. It involves outsourcing part of the production to external suppliers, often at a higher cost.

How does the method of constant regular time production affect capacity utilization?

The constant regular time production method maximizes the use of regular production capacity (e.g., 2000 units) before resorting to overtime or subcontracting. This ensures that production stays within regular hours as much as possible, maintaining cost efficiency.