UAS - Perbedaan NU & Muhammadiyah

Summary

The transcript discusses the theological and jurisprudential stance of Nahdlatul Ulama, which follows Ash'ari aqidah and acknowledges the Hanafi, Maliki, and Hambali schools of thought. Muhammadiyah, while adhering to the Ash'ari aqidah and Syafi'i fiqh, also respects the Hanafi, Maliki, and Hambali schools. The transcript highlights a key interaction where Buya Hamka, a prominent Indonesian Islamic scholar, rejected an invitation to adopt Shi'a beliefs, reaffirming his commitment to Sunni teachings. His contributions in Sufism and the study of modern Sufism are also noted, including his final moments where he requested his book on modern Sufism to be brought to him.

Takeaways

• 😀 Nahdlatul Ulama follows Asy'ari aqidah and practices a flexible approach to fiqh, respecting Hanafi, Maliki, and Hambali schools.
• 😀 Muhammadiyah adheres to Asy'ari aqidah and follows the Shafi'i school of fiqh while also respecting Hanafi, Maliki, and Hambali.
• 😀 Buya Hamka, an influential figure, emphasized the importance of adhering to Asy'ari aqidah and maintaining respect for different schools of thought in Islamic law.
• 😀 Buya Hamka was approached by young Iranian individuals inviting him to join Shia Islam, to which he reaffirmed his commitment to Asy'ari beliefs in Indonesia.
• 😀 Muhammadiyah uses the Majelis Tarjih to determine which fiqh opinion (mazhab) is most appropriate for various matters, often preferring the Shafi'i school.
• 😀 In tasawuf, Muhammadiyah also follows Sunni principles, remaining within traditional Sunni practices and teachings.
• 😀 Buya Hamka's views on tasawuf are included in his influential book on modern tasawuf, which was studied at Al Azhar Mosque when he was the Imam.
• 😀 Buya Hamka's book on modern tasawuf remains influential, with Hamka reading it up until his death.
• 😀 There is a slight difference in fiqh between the practices of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, but both groups maintain core Sunni principles.
• 😀 Buya Hamka's legacy is marked by his significant contributions to Islamic thought, particularly in the fields of aqidah, fiqh, and tasawuf.

Q & A

What is the aqidah (creed) followed by Nahdlatul Ulama?

Nahdlatul Ulama follows the Asy'ari creed in terms of aqidah (belief system).

Which fiqh schools are respected by Nahdlatul Ulama?

Nahdlatul Ulama respects the Hanafi, Maliki, and Hambali schools of fiqh, while predominantly following the Syafi'i school.

How does Muhammadiyah's belief system differ from Nahdlatul Ulama's?

Muhammadiyah follows the Asy'ari creed for aqidah, and their fiqh aligns with the Syafi'i school but with occasional differences as per the Majelis Tarjih's decisions.

What role does Majelis Tarjih play in Muhammadiyah?

Majelis Tarjih in Muhammadiyah is responsible for issuing fatwas, sometimes prioritizing the Syafi'i school, but it may also select other schools depending on the issue at hand.

What is the approach of Muhammadiyah regarding tasawuf (Sufism)?

Muhammadiyah's approach to tasawuf is aligned with Sunni teachings.

Who is Buya Hamka and what is his significance in this context?

Buya Hamka, also known as Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, was an influential Indonesian scholar. He is recognized for his strong adherence to the Asy'ari creed and for writing important works on tasawuf, particularly 'Tasawuf Modern.'

What was Buya Hamka's response when approached by Iranian youth about joining the Shia sect?

Buya Hamka firmly declined the offer to join the Shia sect, stating that Indonesians follow the Asy'ari creed, highlighting the difference in belief.

What did Buya Hamka emphasize about tasawuf before his death?

Before his death, Buya Hamka requested to be brought his book on 'Tasawuf Modern,' which he had been reading, indicating its importance to him.

What is the main difference between Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah in terms of fiqh?

The main difference lies in the application of fiqh; Nahdlatul Ulama adheres strictly to the Syafi'i school, while Muhammadiyah sometimes follows the decisions of Majelis Tarjih, which may involve other schools depending on the context.

What is the significance of Buya Hamka's book being studied at Al Azhar Mosque?

Buya Hamka's book 'Tasawuf Modern' was studied at the Al Azhar Mosque, reflecting the influence and academic recognition of his work in the field of modern Sufism.