PutraMOOC | PRT2008M Topic 6 Innovation and Challenges in Agriculture (Part 4/6)
Summary
TLDRこのビデオスクリプトでは、正確な農業と水耕栽培、垂直農法の最新技術が紹介されています。GPSやセンサー、GIS、人工知能を活用して農作物の最適な管理を行い、環境に優しく効率的な農業を目指しています。水耕栽培は魚と植物の共存を通じて栄養素の循環を促し、垂直農法は都市部近くで閉鎖ループで食品を生産し、水と資源の節約、食品マイルの削減を図ります。これらの技術は持続可能な農業の未来を形作る上で重要な役割を果たしています。
Takeaways
- 📍 GPSは正確な位置情報を提供し、農業機械の自動操縦に役立ちます。
- 🚜 自動操縦システムにより、運転者なしで農業機械を操作することが可能で、土地準備などに利用されています。
- 🔍 センサー技術は、農作物の問題を非破壊的に検出するのに非常に役立ちます。
- 🌱 地理情報システム(GIS)は、農作物に影響する複数のパラメータを分析し、関係性を可視化する強力なツールです。
- 💧 変量投入技術は、作物や土壤の需要に応じて投入量を調整することができます。
- 🧠 ニューラルネットワーク、または人工知能は、非線形な作物応答を扱うための新しい方法です。
- 🛠️ 決定支援システムは、農場での戦略的な意思決定を支援するコンピュータプログラムのセットです。
- 🔄 正確な農業は、情報を収集、分析し、変更を実施するというサイクル的プロセスです。
- 🐟 アクアポニクスは、魚と植物の相互依存関係を活用した技術で、環境に優しい共生システムです。
- 🌱 垂直農業は、土地の有効利用を目的とした閉鎖ループの農業で、年間を通じて作物を栽培することができます。
- 💧 垂直農業は、水の使用量を大幅に削減し、環境に配慮した持続可能な農業方法です。
Q & A
どのような技術が正確な農業に重要な役割を果たしていますか?
-正確な農業にはGPS、自動操縦ナビゲーション、センサー、地理情報システム(GIS)、変量投入技術、ニューラルネットワーク、決定支援システムなどが重要な役割を果たしています。
GPSが正確な農業にどのように役立つか説明してください。
-GPSは農地内の正確な位置情報を提供し、作物の問題が発生した場所を正確に特定できるため、適切な対策を実施するのに役立ちます。
自動操縦ナビゲーションの利点は何ですか?
-自動操縦ナビゲーションは、土地整備などを行う際に運転者を必要とせず、効率的かつ正確な作業を実現できます。
センサー技術が正確な農業で何のために使われるか教えてください。
-センサー技術は、作物の問題を非破壊的に検出するため使用され、農地内の可変性を測定し、管理対策にリンクさせます。
地理情報システム(GIS)はどのように農業に役立つか説明してください。
-GISは複数のパラメータに関する高度な分析を可能にし、作物に影響する20以上の異なる変数を組み合わせ、特殊な分析を行い、空間的モデルを作成します。
変量投入技術とは何であり、その利点は何ですか?
-変量投入技術は、作物や土壌の必要に応じて投入物を調整する技術で、投入物の最適化によりリソースの無駄を減らし、作物の生産性を高めることができます。
ニューラルネットワークが正確な農業でどのように役立つか説明してください。
-ニューラルネットワークは、複雑な非線形のデータセットを処理し、作物の成長や投入物への反応をより正確に予測するのに役立ちます。
決定支援システムとは何であり、その重要性は?
-決定支援システムは、農地での良い意思決定を支援するシステムで、データモデルやロボット工学、コンピュータプログラムを活用して、特定の相互作用を理解するのに役立ちます。
正確な農業のサイクルプロセスにはどのようなステップが含まれていますか?
-正確な農業のサイクルプロセスには、情報収集、情報処理・分析、変更の実施という3つの重要なステップが含まれています。
アクアポニックスとはどのような技術ですか?
-アクアポニックスは、魚と植物の間で相互に依存する技術であり、魚が植物に栄養を提供し、植物が水を清潔にすることで、両者にとって理想的な環境を作り出します。
ベジタブルファーミングの主な利点は何ですか?
-ベジタブルファーミングの利点には、年間を通じて作物を生産できること、天候による作物の失敗がないこと、農業排水がないこと、化学肥料やペシチの使用が少なく環境に優しいこと、食品の安全性と安全性の向上、食品マイルの低減などが挙げられます。
Outlines
😲 高精度農業の技術革新
第1段落では、高精度農業における最新技術の活用が紹介されています。GPSによる位置情報の取得、自動操縦ナビゲーションによる土地準備、およびセンサー技術による作物問題の特定などが説明されています。これらの技術は、農地内で特定の問題に対処するための戦略を立案する上で欠かせません。さらに、地理情報システム(GIS)の活用により、作物の生産に影響する複数の要因を分析し、空間的分布を可視化することができます。これにより、より正確な情報に基づいて作物の管理を行うことができます。
🤖 人工知能と決定支援システムの活用
第2段落では、人工知能や決定支援システムが農業分野でどのように役立つかが解説されています。人工知能は、大量の観察データをもとに非線形的な作物成長や肥料応答を分析することができます。決定支援システムは、農地での最適な対策を決定するのに役立ちます。また、データベース管理の重要性も強調されており、これは繰り返し行われる高精度農業プロセスを円滑に進めるための基盤となっています。
🐟 水産農業と垂直農法の進化
第3段落では、水産農業と垂直農法の技術が紹介されています。水産農業では、魚と植物の共存関係が強調されており、魚から生じる養分を植物が利用し、植物が浄化した水を魚に還元することで、双方向の利益が生まれます。垂直農法は、土地の限られた都市部で農作物を効果的に育てることができる技術で、閉鎖ループシステムとしてエネルギーや水のリサイクルが行われ、環境に配慮した持続可能な農業モデルを提供しています。
🌱 垂直農法の環境的利点と将来性
第4段落では、垂直農法の環境的利点と持続可能性が語られています。垂直農法は、農作物を全年無休で生産できるため、天候による作物の失敗を避けることができます。また、農業排水による土壌の損失を防ぎ、化学肥料やペシストの使用量を減らす環境配慮型の農法です。さらに、垂直農法では水の使用量が大幅に削減され、食品の安全と安心性も高まります。都市部に近い場所での生産により、食品マイルを減らし、カーボンフットプリントも小さくなります。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡精密農業
💡GPS(グローバルポジショニングシステム)
💡センサー
💡GIS(ジオグラフィック・インフォメーション・システム)
💡変量投入
💡ニューラルネットワーク
💡決定支援システム
💡アクアポニクス
💡ベジタブルファーミング
💡データベース管理
Highlights
Precision agriculture utilizes high-tech gadgets to measure and manage variability in farming.
GPS and autopilot navigation systems are fundamental in precision agriculture for accurate positioning and land management.
Autopilot navigation allows for driverless operation of farming machinery, enhancing efficiency in land preparation.
Sensors, both remote and proximal, are critical for non-destructive detection of crop issues in the field.
Geographic Information System (GIS) enables advanced analysis of multiple parameters affecting crop yield.
GIS helps in building 3D relationships between variables and mapping responses for better field understanding.
Variable rate application technology adjusts input application according to the specific needs of crops or soil.
Neural networks, a form of artificial intelligence, process information nonlinearly, accounting for environmental factors in crop responses.
Decision support systems aid in making informed decisions in the field, integrating various models and computer programs.
Precision agriculture is a cyclic process involving information gathering, processing, and implementing changes.
Database management is essential for facilitating the cyclic process of precision agriculture, adapting to new problems each season.
Aquaponics is a symbiotic system interdependent between fish and plants, providing nutrients and clean water for mutual growth.
Vertical farming represents a paradigm shift to closed-loop, efficient, and clean food production in urban environments.
Vertical farms recycle water and energy, reducing the need for pesticides, fertilizers, and water, promoting sustainability.
Vertical farming minimizes food miles and carbon footprint by situating production close to urban markets.
Control over food safety and security is enhanced in vertical farming due to the closed-loop system.
Post-harvest plant material in vertical farming can be repurposed as animal feed, adding value to the system.
Transcripts
now precision agriculture is high-tech
and of course we have fancy gadgets that
help us to measure variability and Link
this variability to management actions
one of the early technologies that has
been able to help positioning culture is
really grow Global Positioning System
GPS and GPS of course you have the
guidance and autopilot navigation which
is very useful because when you are
farming in a huge area you you must know
where you are you must be able to
pinpoint the exact spot where you have a
crop problem so that you can intervene
with the necessary strategies now
autopilot navigation is is very
fascinating because you are able to do
land preparation using a GPS navigation
and it has got an autopilot system
attached to it so you don't need a
driver you can actually find a tractor
or a fill machine moving around without
a driver
so although the steering will be moving
but you don't have a driver that it's
autopilot and the other piece of
technology that has been very critical
in position air culture is really
sensors there are a couple of sensors
available in the market some of it are
remote and some of it are proximal
sensors now remote sensors are usually
carried in platforms like satellites
aircraft there are quite a few that are
available as handheld but those are
termed as proximal sensors so sensors
are really very useful in detecting crop
problems in the field simply because it
is non-destructive you you are not
really required to destructively take a
sample out of a plan and so you can do
this non destructively and rep
okay so this is the way forward now so
then we have geographic information
system which is a powerful suit of
computer programs that allow you to
carry out advanced analysis with regards
to multiple parameters that actually
affect your crop in the field so so
what's really happening here is you have
say 20 different variables that are
really affecting your production your
yield production in fact you is really
complicated because the many factors
that affect you so for us to pin down
which is the most important factor that
really affects you in that particular
situation is a challenge more often than
not now a GIS allows you to combine all
of these variables and allows you to
conduct very specialized analysis to see
the relationship of one variable to
another or relationship one variable to
a couple of other variables and you can
build relationships in a three
dimensional manner and you can actually
map out these responses so that it
provides you with better information to
understand what's really going on in the
field so so this is a very fascinating
piece of technology simply because it
allows you to do a huge number of
different investigations using a large
amount of data set and and that allows
you to to come up with some very neat
spatial modeling stuff okay then of
course we have variable rate application
which is a technology that allows you to
apply your inputs according to the needs
of the crop or the soil okay so you may
apply
certain amount of fertilizer at one
particular point in the field and you
need to vary that fertilizer rate at
maybe 100 meters down the road and and
so you can adjust your applicator in
such a way that it only brings down that
particular amount of fertilizer so this
this kind of strategy is useful
especially when you have to match your
inputs to the needs of the crop and and
then we have neural networks neural
networks is also known as artificial
intelligence and this is a whole new
branch of how we process information in
the field simply because the neural
networks what really is required here is
you have to get large number of
observations and you are actually
building the data in such a way where
you put a brain into the data you know
that's why they call it artificial
intelligence you are giving perceived
intelligence into the data sets and it
allows you to look at information in a
nonlinear perspective so a lot of times
we are caught in this situation where
crop growth or crop response to inputs
are not really linear because we have
the interference of whether we have the
interference of environmental factors so
a lot of times the response of let's say
crop to fertilizer is definitely not
linear you know it might be linear to a
certain point and then it may not no
longer be linear so that's why
technologies like neural networks is a
good option to to look at simply because
it allows you to handle nonlinear
information then we have decision
support system which is actually a
system that helps us to make good
decisions in the field we have
drop models we have robotic
interventions you know and we also have
a whole new suit of computer programs
that can actually provide us with some
aid as to understand a particular
interaction in the field so sometimes we
cannot process all of this information
and we rely on the computer to help
navigate our intervention strategies so
decision support system is gaining a lot
of credence today there are many
different variants of this decision
support system that are available in
crops that range from annual crops up to
perennial crops so different systems are
being customized according to your crop
needs and then of course it's also good
for us to understand the precision
agriculture process now precision
agriculture is really a cyclic process
you can see here that there are three
very important steps with position area
culture the first step is really to
gather information and what we mean by
gathering information is you have to get
as much data as possible from the field
and how do you get this data these are
all the tools that can be used to to
achieve this goal of getting information
so we have the GPS which provides you
with location information and then of
course you have yield monitors that
provide you with yield data
instantaneously and you have sensors you
have a specialized technique of sampling
where you are trying to capture the
spatial information the variability
profiles and once you have obtained this
information the next step is to process
and analyze the information and these
are the superior tools as I mentioned
earlier where you can actually use to
process your info
Jos 36g is and also noodle networks now
once you have processed the information
the next stage is ready to implement the
change and this is a very challenging
procedure because you are using for
example variable rate applicators you're
also relying on decision support system
but this is where the crux of the matter
lies if you are unable to implement
change then your effort of gathering
information and processing that
information is of no use you know so
this sort of completes the initial step
of precision air culture but mind you it
doesn't stop here the process continues
because once you have implemented change
you still go back to the initial stage
of getting information because you will
have new problems that are coming up
that are surfacing because we have seen
earlier that crop use can vary from one
point to another in the field and it can
also vary from one season to another so
you are bound to to encounter new
problems in the following season so in
order to make that whole system of
position and culture applicable to that
particular crop you must have a stable
period established in terms of gathering
information processing them and
implementing change because you will be
dealing with a new set of problems in
the following season so you repeat this
process and that's why we call it a
cyclic process you repeat this process
as often as possible and and depending
on the type of crop for annual crops
normally the cycle is shorter as
compared to a perennial problem ok for
example in the case of rice you might
repeat this over three or four seasons
in the case of oil palm you might have
to repeat this over six or seven years
in order to understand what
really is going on okay and and so in in
order to to facilitate this process of
repeating their cycle we rely on
database management okay okay
from precision agriculture let's move on
to aquaponics now aquaponics is another
fascinating technology that is available
today it is really the interdependence
between fish and plants as you know fish
is a very important source of protein
and the symbiosis between fish and
plants is well captured in equipex
so what really happens here is I say
it's a symbiosis because the fish
produces bio nutrients for the plants
and the plants clean the water and this
creates a perfect environment for the
fish to grow and develop so you can see
the schematic here that clearly shows
you the clear demarcation between the
plants and the fish you can see for
example this is the real system here
which is available out there market
there are many variants of the system
but it's fascinating simply because
finally we have a system that allows you
to grow crops for your fiber needs for
your nutria needs and to also have fish
for your protein needs so it's an
excellent combination of systems here
that allow you to understand ofit's of
both fish and plants okay and we then
move on to vertical farming this is
where I think the paradigm has shifted
now you know we have been talking about
farms that are huge in terms of acreage
you know horizontally
but today because land has become a
serious issue availability of arable
land is an issue so the farms are
growing vertically so vertical farming
is really a closed loop where food is
produced in the sealed vertical farm now
these are some of the pictures that
actually show you how what ickle farms
look like of course there are many
designs of vertical farms but what
really happens in a vertical farm is
apart from the food being produced in a
closed loop you have also water that is
purified through the condensing
transpired water so you have grey water
that gets purified and and also energy
is produced by burning the waste in
plasma arc incinerators so this is
really a whole recycling procedure that
is taking place so it's the good thing
about vertical farming is it's also a
clean technology it's clean because it
is done in a closed loop there is no
contamination or pollution to the
environment and it is all based on a
recycle mechanism that takes place
because your and your waste from
agriculture is converted into energy and
so it allows you to recycle your
resources in a very efficient way so
what really are the benefits of vertical
farming the first thing that comes to
mind is really the fact that we can
produce our crops all year round you do
not have weather-related crop failures
and that being said you do not also have
agricultural runoff which means your
soil is not being lost and your souls
are not being turned into sediments that
are going to harm the environment then
you also have less use of pesticides and
fertilizers in fact in some vertical
farms they do not use chemicals at all
so this is very friendly to the
environment
and also in terms of food safety because
it's done in a closed-loop and so
there's a very active recycling process
that is taking place in the closed-loop
so you also have reports that show that
vertical farms use less water in fact
they use up to 70% less water than most
ground systems you know in fact in some
cases it's been reported that they even
say for tests much as 95% so that's a
huge advancement because knowing full
well that water is becoming a very
scarce resource and vertical farming
also helps to reduce food miles now we
call this food miles because when
vertical farms turn out they are produce
they are actually established in areas
that are close to the cities you see so
this will reduce your transportation of
these crops to your markets which are
mostly based in the cities so this
greatly reduces food miles in other
words it also reduces your carbon
footprints and as a result of all this
you have really more control of food
safety and food security you know and of
course the other advantage of vertical
farming is you are able to create animal
feed from post-harvest plant material so
that's a value-added nurse of the whole
system you can actually create a
by-product from it and you can market it
out of your system
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
圃場環境のモニタリング
PutraMOOC | PRT2008M Topic 6 Innovation and Challenges in Agriculture (Part 1/6)
【空知地区水稲直播連絡協議会】熊谷会長にきく「湛水直播栽培の心得!」第一弾①
PutraMOOC | PRT2008M Topic 6 Innovation and Challenges in Agriculture (Part 5/6)
【ぶっちゃけ】農業って儲かるの?稼げる農家になりたいと思っている方へ
PutraMOOC | PRT2008M Topic 6 Innovation and Challenges in Agriculture (Part 6/6)
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